a business's source documents may include all of the following except: a) sales tickets. b) ledgers. c) checks. d) purchase orders. e) bank statements.

The Sherman Act focuses on pricing, which is one of the components of the marketing mix. The other components of the marketing mix are product, place, and promotion.

Pricing involves setting the price for a product or service that will allow a company to generate the desired level of profit.

Place involves getting the product to the customer, either through physical or digital means.

Product includes both the product and the services that the company provides.

Promotion involves methods to spread awareness of the product and increase its demand.

Overall, the Sherman Act focuses on pricing, which is one of the components of the marketing mix.

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Entrepreneurship ventures can take various forms, such as E-business, social entrepreneurship, cultural entrepreneurship, and innovative entrepreneurship, each with unique focuses and examples.

Entrepreneurship ventures refer to the various types of entrepreneurial endeavors, which can include E-business, social entrepreneurship, cultural entrepreneurship, and innovative entrepreneurship.

They are explained as follows:

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When preparing a scatter diagram, the estimated line of cost behavior is drawn on the diagram to show the relation between the two variables being analyzed.

Typically, the two variables being analyzed are:

The dependent variable: This is the variable that is being predicted or explained by the other variable. In cost accounting, the dependent variable is usually the total cost or the cost of production.

Lastly, The independent variable: This is the variable that is believed to influence or cause changes in the dependent variable. In cost accounting, the independent variable is usually a measure of the level of activity, such as units produced, labor hours worked, or machine hours used.

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Answer:cost and unit volume

Explanation:

A toll good is a type of good that is non-excludable, meaning it is difficult or impossible to prevent people from using it, but is also partially or fully excludable, meaning that people can be charged a fee for using it.

A toll good is a type of economic good that is subject to a toll or fee for its use. Toll goods are often used in the context of transportation, where tolls are collected to pay for the construction and maintenance of roads, bridges, and tunnels. Toll goods can also refer to other types of infrastructure, such as waterways, telecommunications networks, and electricity grids, where users are charged fees to cover the costs of building and maintaining the system. Toll goods can be either public or private, and can be provided by governments, private companies, or a combination of both. The pricing of toll goods can vary depending on a range of factors, including the level of demand, the cost of construction and maintenance, and the availability of alternative routes or services.

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The Installment contract entered into by W, age 17, with S, an adult, to buy a five-year-old car is voidable.

An installment contract is a deal where the buyer agrees to pay for goods or services over time, usually with interest or fees. It enables the buyer to purchase the item right away and pay for it in installments over a set time frame, usually monthly.

A contract is a legally binding agreement between two or more parties. It can be a written, oral, or implied agreement between the parties. A contract specifies the terms and conditions of the agreement that has been agreed upon by the parties.

The contract entered into by W, age 17, with S, an adult, to buy a five-year-old car is voidable. The contract is valid and binding if the seller was unaware of the buyer's age or if the seller believed the buyer was of legal age. The contract is voidable because W is considered a minor under the law, and minors are not legally authorized to make contracts.

As a result, W may, at his discretion, choose to terminate the contract, and the car would have to be returned to S, and the parties would have to unwind the transaction.

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The Paris Union was established for the purpose of protecting patents.The Paris Union, also known as the International Union for the Protection of Industrial Property, is a treaty organization established by the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, which was signed in Paris, France, on March 20, 1883.

The Union offers several global protections to patent holders, such as:Protection for patented items from duplication and unauthorized usage.A maximum period of patent protection.The right to be compensated for any violation of patent rights through legal action, among other things.

The main goal of the Paris Union was to establish a common standard for protecting intellectual property across multiple countries to reduce any problems with patents and reduce the costs involved in patenting the same product in different countries. The Paris Union also plays an important role in preventing patent pollution.

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A fixed cost that supports the operations of more than one segment, but is not traceable in whole or part to any one segment is a  common fixed cost.

A common fixed cost is a cost that supports the operations of more than one segment, but is not traceable in whole or part to any one segment.

These are costs which remain constant regardless of the level of output or sales volume. Examples of common fixed costs include rent, depreciation, insurance, executive salaries, etc.

Common fixed costs are not typically allocated to individual product lines because the costs do not change significantly when the production or sale of one product line increases or decreases. Therefore, the cost remains the same whether the product line is producing or not. Common fixed costs are typically deducted from the total sales figure to calculate the gross profit figure.

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The net cash flow from investing activities is negative $120,000. This indicates that the company spent more cash on investing activities than it received during the period.

The net cash flow from investing activities can be calculated by adding up the cash inflows and subtracting the cash outflows from investing activities.

Cash inflows from investing activities:

Sale of equipment: $250,000

Sale of short-term investments: $280,000

Total cash inflows from investing activities = $250,000 + $280,000 = $530,000

Cash outflows from investing activities:

Purchase of building: $650,000

Total cash outflows from investing activities = $650,000

Net cash flow from investing activities = Total cash inflows - Total cash outflows

= $530,000 - $650,000

= -$120,000

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If Raul is buying a house that is part of an Home owner association (HOA) and his lender wants to verify that there are no liens from the HOA on the property, the lender would most likely request a Statement of Account from the HOA.

A statement of account is a document provided by the HOA. It summarizes an individual homeowner's account balance, including the balance of the general account and the balance of the reserve account. It may also include other debts or liens against the property, such as a delinquent HOA fee. A Statement of Account request should be submitted in writing to the HOA's management firm or board. Here are the ways to make a request for a Statement of Account from the HOA:

1. Online: Many HOAs provide a website where residents can manage their accounts and request various services, including statements of accounts.

2. E-mail: Emailing the management company or the HOA board.

3. In-Person: Visit the HOA office, submit the written request to the staff member, and pay any applicable fees.

4. Mail: Mailing the written request to the management company or HOA board. It is essential to have a return address so that the HOA can send the statement of account to the homeowner.

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The entry to close the dividend at the end of the year will include a debit to Retained Earnings. The closing process of accounts is crucial in the accounting process as it helps in determining the company's net income or loss.

The procedure helps determine the exact profit or loss amount after adjustments of all accounts are made. The closing entries are necessary to shift all temporary account balances to the retained earnings account.

A business needs to perform the closing entries to know how much profit it has earned over a given period, usually a fiscal year. They are necessary to ensure that the net income is carried over to the retained earnings account on the balance sheet for the coming year.

They are also required to prepare a company's financial statements accurately. The entry to close the dividend account is a crucial aspect of the closing process. The business pays out dividends to shareholders from its net income.

The dividend account is a temporary account, and it closes at the end of each accounting period. The entry to close the dividend account is necessary to balance the accounts accurately and prepare for the next fiscal year.

The dividend closing entry involves a debit to Retained Earnings and a credit to Dividends. The debit to Retained Earnings account records the dividend amount the company has retained in the business.

The credit to the Dividend account records the dividend paid to the shareholders. This entry closes the temporary account for dividends and transfers the dividends paid to the Retained Earnings account.

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The managerial skills of an employee can also be considered as an intangible resource of a firm. Option D is correct.

Intangible resources are non-physical assets that add value to a firm but are not typically visible on its balance sheet. They are an essential component of a company's overall resources and capabilities, which contribute to its competitive advantage.

The managerial skills of an employee are an intangible resource of a firm because they are difficult to quantify and often rely on subjective assessments. A firm's managers and employees play a critical role in developing and implementing its strategies, managing operations, and creating a positive work culture that attracts and retains top talent.

Good management can improve a firm's performance, reduce costs, and enhance innovation and creativity. A company with strong managerial skills can better leverage its other resources, including tangible assets and human resources, to gain a competitive advantage and achieve long-term success. In conclusion, the managerial skills of an employee can also be considered as an intangible resource of a firm, along with other resources such as patents, trademarks, and brand reputation. Option D is correct.

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The constitutional guarantee that is designed to protect both individuals and business firms from arbitrary decision making by the government is Due Process.

What is Due Process?

Due process is a phrase used to refer to the legal obligations of the state to respect all legal rights owed to a person under the law. Due process is required in the United States by the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments to the Constitution, which provide that no person shall be deprived of "life, liberty, or property" without due process of law. Arrange the following constitutional guarantees in order of importance:

Due process.

Equal protection of the law.

Freedom of speech.

Freedom of the press.

The order in which the above constitutional guarantees are arranged, starting with the most important, is as follows: Equal protection of the law. Due process. Freedom of speech. Freedom of the press.

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The business name of these locations in their bulk upload spreadsheet inputs are: -

Incorporate the name of the mall in the company name.

Use the primary company name as it is known in the real world.

Include the shop code after the company name.

Use the retail center's name as the business name.

A spreadsheet is a computer program that allows users to organize and analyze data using a table of rows and columns. It provides an electronic method of storing and manipulating numerical data, text, and formulas. Spreadsheets are commonly used for financial and accounting purposes, but they can be applied to many other fields as well, such as project management, scientific research, and data analysis.

Spreadsheets are designed to perform calculations, manipulate data, and present it in a visually appealing manner. Users can enter data into cells, apply formulas and functions to manipulate the data, and create charts and graphs to visualize the results. Spreadsheets allow users to perform "what-if" scenarios by changing values and seeing the resulting outcomes.

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The doctrine of vicarious liability states that an employer can be held liable for the wrongful actions of its employees that are within the scope of their employment.

If an employee acts in a negligent or unlawful manner while conducting their job, their employer may be liable for any resulting damages. This can provide an incentive for employers to properly monitor their employees and ensure they act responsibly and according to the law.

The doctrine of vicarious liability can impose liability on an employer for the actions of its employees for several reasons. The doctrine of vicarious liability is a legal concept that allows one person to be held liable for the wrongful actions of another person.

Vicarious liability arises when a third party (such as an employee) causes harm or damage to another person (such as a customer or client) while acting within the scope of their employment.

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The main events defined by the Scrum framework are a) Sprint Planning Meeting, b) Sprint Retrospective Meeting, c) Sprint Review Meeting, and e) Daily Scrum Meeting. Therefore, the correct option is A, B, C, E.

In the Scrum framework, there are four key events that help teams plan, review, and improve their work:
1. Sprint Planning Meeting: This event occurs at the beginning of each Sprint, during which the Scrum team collaborates to select items from the Product Backlog to work on during the upcoming Sprint. The team also establishes a Sprint Goal, which serves as the overarching objective for the Sprint. 2. Sprint Retrospective Meeting: This event is held at the end of each Sprint, allowing the Scrum team to reflect on the previous Sprint, analyze their processes and interactions, and identify improvements that can be made in the next Sprint.

3. Sprint Review Meeting: At the end of each Sprint, the team demonstrates the potentially shippable product increment to stakeholders, gathers feedback, and updates the Product Backlog accordingly. 4. Daily Scrum Meeting: This is a short, daily meeting (usually 15 minutes) for the Development Team to synchronize their work, discuss progress towards the Sprint Goal, and identify any obstacles or impediments.

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The most comprehensive multilateral agreement on intellectual property to date that covers a full range of rights embodied in current international agreements is called the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS).

TRIPS, the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights agreement, is the most comprehensive multilateral agreement on intellectual property to date. The agreement covers the full range of rights embodied in current international agreements, as well as the details of their application.

The agreement was reached at the conclusion of the Uruguay Round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) negotiations in 1994, and it was signed into law by all World Trade Organization (WTO) member countries as part of their commitment to the World Trade Organization (WTO).

This is the first time that intellectual property issues have been addressed on a global scale.

The agreement's provisions apply to the following intellectual property fields: copyrights on literary and artistic works, such as books and music, and intellectual property rights for performers, producers, and broadcasting agencies; trademarks for brand names and other identifying marks; and patents on inventions and industrial designs.

The agreement also contains provisions on the application of certain types of intellectual property rights in relation to trade in goods and services.

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The marginal cost of producing the 900th gadget is $2.78.

In economics, marginal cost is the cost associated with producing an additional unit of a product or service. It is calculated by taking the total cost of producing an additional unit and subtracting the total cost of producing the previous unit.

In other words, the marginal cost of producing the 900th gadget is the cost associated with producing that particular gadget compared to the cost associated with producing the 899th gadget.

To calculate the marginal cost of producing the 900th gadget, we first need to know the total cost of producing the 899th gadget.

Once we have that, we can calculate the total cost of producing the 900th gadget, subtract the total cost of producing the 899th gadget, and get the marginal cost of producing the 900th gadget. In this case, the marginal cost of producing the 900th gadget is $2.78.

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Activity-based costing is used by all of the above firms, accounting firms, law firms, and consulting firms.

What is Activity-Based Costing (ABC)?

Activity-Based Costing (ABC) is a costing technique that allocates overhead costs to each product, service, or client based on its use of the overhead resources in each activity involved in its production or provision. This method, which is based on the cause-and-effect relationship between costs and activities, is distinct from conventional costing approaches that divide overhead costs proportionally between items or services, such as direct labor hours, direct materials, or machine hours.

The ABC concept seeks to improve the accuracy of product and service costing by providing a more detailed, comprehensive, and logical means of tracing overhead costs to goods and services. It necessitates the identification of all direct and indirect expenses that contribute to a particular activity, as well as the calculation of the quantity of that activity used by each product or service.

After this is accomplished, the costs of each activity are divided by the quantity of that activity used by each product or service, resulting in a cost per activity used by each product or service. In conclusion, Activity-based costing is used by accounting firms, law firms, consulting firms and all the other firms.

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The practice of a pharmaceutical firm, such as Bayzer, selling bonds to raise money for a new lab is called "corporate bond issuance."

What is Cooperate Bond?

A corporate bond is a debt security issued by a corporation to raise capital. When investors purchase corporate bonds, they are essentially lending money to the corporation in exchange for periodic interest payments and the repayment of the principal when the bond matures.

Corporate bonds typically have a higher yield than government bonds because they carry a higher risk of default. The creditworthiness of the corporation issuing the bond is a key factor in determining the bond's yield. Corporations with higher credit ratings are considered less risky and can issue bonds with lower yields, while corporations with lower credit ratings must offer higher yields to attract investors.

Corporate bond issuance is a common way for companies to raise capital to fund new projects, investments, or other business activities. When a company issues bonds, it is essentially borrowing money from investors who purchase the bonds, with the promise of paying back the borrowed amount with interest over time. The terms of the bond issuance, such as the interest rate, maturity date, and other conditions, are outlined in a bond prospectus, which is made available to potential investors.

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True, the National Council on Governmental Accounting (NCGA) is the current standard-setting body for governmental accounting.

What is the National Council on Governmental Accounting (NCGA)?

The National Council on Governmental Accounting (NCGA) is a body that creates accounting and financial reporting standards for state and local governments in the United States. It is currently the standard-setting organization for governmental accounting. The NCGA has been replaced by the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB), which was formed in 1984 as an autonomous group of the Financial Accounting Foundation (FAF). Although the NCGA ceased to exist in 1984, it played a significant role in the development of governmental accounting and reporting standards.

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According to the value chain perspective, linkages are located in the network that connects different, but related activities within a firm.

What are linkages?In the value chain, linkages refer to the relationship that exists between the primary and supporting activities that are part of a firm's internal processes. This helps ensure that the primary activities of the company (marketing and sales, operations, outbound logistics, etc.) are linked to the supporting activities (technology development, procurement, human resource management, etc.) in a way that creates added value for the customer.

The coordination between these activities results in improved operational efficiency and helps firms achieve a competitive advantage. In fact, these linkages between the activities are the backbone of the value chain perspective. The main focus of the value chain approach is to find ways to maximize value while minimizing costs.

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Every month when the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) announces the unemployment rate, it also announces the number of jobs the economy has gained or lost. The Bureau of Labor Statistics gets the data about jobs through two sources: the establishment survey and the household survey.

The household survey is conducted every month by the Census Bureau on behalf of the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The survey goes out to about 60,000 households each month and covers around 110,000 individuals. The household survey determines the number of people who are employed, unemployed, and not in the labor force.

The establishment survey is a separate survey conducted by the BLS. It goes out to approximately 145,000 businesses and government agencies each month. The establishment survey determines the number of jobs in the economy and is also used to calculate payroll employment.

The establishment survey collects data on the following employment types: private, government, and self-employed.

In contrast, the household survey collects data on employed persons, unemployed persons, and not in the labor force.

These surveys are conducted to gather detailed data on employment, wages, hours worked, job openings, labor turnover, and other labor market topics.

Therefore, establishment surveys and household surveys also provide crucial information on the overall job market by announcing the net change in the number of jobs gained or lost in the economy,

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Computer-driven investment models can be very effective when the market behaves as it has in the past. However, in terms of historical consistency, they are vulnerable to failure in the face of Black Swans.

Black Swans refer to the occurrence of unexpected events that can have far-reaching consequences. These events are often impossible to predict or prepare for, and they can cause major disruptions in the financial markets. Investments models that rely on historical data and patterns are not designed to handle black swans.

This is why investors should not rely solely on computer-driven models, but also take into account other factors such as market sentiment, geopolitical events, and macroeconomic trends.These are all types of cyber threats that can affect computer systems and networks, but they are not specific to investment models.

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To achieve effective control over fixed asset additions, a company should establish activities that require: authorization and approval of major fixed asset additions. This option is answer D.

Authorization and approval of major fixed asset additions is essential for effective control over fixed asset additions in a company. The control is necessary to ensure that the purchase of fixed assets is done only for the benefit of the business.

It is also necessary to avoid wastage and ensure that the funds are put into optimal use. Authorization and approval of major fixed asset additions help ensure that the funds are put to the right use in the company.

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Complete question:

To achieve effective control over fixed asset additions, a company should establish activities that require:

A. Capitalization of the cost of fixed asset additions in excess of a specific dollar amount.

B.Performance of recurring fixed asset maintenance work solely by maintenance departmentemployees.

C. Any fixed asset additions that are not used in the business to be classified as investments.

D. Authorization and approval of major fixed asset additions.

A tariff's primary objective is to increase an import's price above its market value. This is done by putting a tax on imported items, which increases the cost for the importer and ultimately raises the price for the customer.

Tariffs are frequently employed to shield native businesses and jobs from international competition by lowering consumer interest in imported goods. Moreover, tariffs can be utilized to create cash for the government by collecting taxes on imported items. Tariffs, however, can also trigger retaliatory actions from other nations, harming commerce and relations internationally. As such, the application of tariffs is a complicated and frequently controversial subject in international trade policy. one of the main purposes of a tariff is to: reduce the price of imports to make them more affordable.

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Raise the price of an import above the world price.

Reduce the price of imports to make them more affordable.

Increase the supply of imports.

Compensate importers for losses due to fluctuating exchange rates.

Sales marketing should strive to increase sales by at least 12% in order to have the same effect as decreasing COGS by 1200. This can be achieved by creating a comprehensive sales strategy that identifies target markets, develops effective messaging and pricing, and implements effective tactics for increasing sales.

First, identify the target markets that are most likely to respond to the company’s offerings. Take into consideration the target audience’s age, gender, location, and other demographic factors.

Second, create effective messaging and pricing to capture the attention of the target market. Invest in developing an effective value proposition that positions the company’s product or service against competitors. Develop different pricing models to ensure that customers get the best possible deal.

Third, implement effective tactics to increase sales. This could include social media campaigns, email campaigns, search engine optimization (SEO), or even direct mail campaigns. Track the effectiveness of each tactic and adjust as needed.

By following these steps, sales marketing can increase sales by at least 12%, which will have the same effect as decreasing COGS by 1200.

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Operating profit margin is also known as EBIT margin. This is option A: Earnings before interest, taxes, and depreciation (EBITDA).

A profitability ratio that helps evaluate how much operating profit is generated for each dollar of sales is called the operating profit margin. This ratio demonstrates how much money is left over after direct costs have been deducted to cover basic overhead expenses like salaries, rent, and utilities.

The formula for calculating the operating profit margin is:

Operating Profit Margin = Operating Profit / Sales/Revenue x 100

Operating profit is the profit a firm generates after accounting for its operating expenses. It is computed by subtracting operating expenses from a firm's gross profit.

Operating expenses are those that a business incurs as a result of its regular operations. Rent, office expenses, and wages and salaries are all examples of this. These expenses are deducted from a company's gross profit to arrive at its operating profit. As a result, the operating profit margin is a more reliable indication of a company's operating efficiency than the gross profit margin because it includes all operating expenses, not just direct costs.

While, administrative expense are those expense which are not directly related to main operations of business. For example, General Repairs Cost, Office Maintenance Cost, IT Cost, etc.

The correct option is A: EBIT.

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The ability to produce a wide range of products or services is called "mix flexibility." Mix flexibility refers to the ability to vary production inputs, or production of a wide range of products or services.

The ability to produce a wide range of products or services is mix flexibility. Mix flexibility is the ability to produce different combinations of products or services in order to meet customer needs. It is important for businesses to be able to produce a wide range of products or services as it allows them to better meet the needs of their customers. Mix flexibility also allows businesses to create unique offerings, further improving their customer satisfaction.

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The amount invested at each rate is Walt invested $6,000 at 8% and $4,000 at 7% to make a total interest of $760.

The amount of money invested at each interest rate can be determined using algebra. Let x be the amount invested at 8% and y be the amount invested at 7%.

Then we can write two equations based on the given information:

x + y = 10,000 (since the total amount invested is $10,000) 0.08x + 0.07y = 760 (since the total interest earned is $760)To solve for x and y, we can use the method of substitution. We can rearrange the first equation to get y = 10,000 - x, and then substitute this expression for y in the second equation:

0.08x + 0.07(10,000 - x) = 760

Simplifying this equation:

0.08x + 700 - 0.07x = 760

0.01x = 60

x== 6,000

Now that we know x, we can use the first equation to find y:

y = 10,000 - x

y= 10,000 - 6,000

y = 4,000

Therefore, Walt invested $6,000 at 8% and $4,000 at 7%.

To check if this answer is correct, we can verify that the interest earned is indeed $760.0.08(6,000) + 0.07(4,000)

= 480 + 280

= 760

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The best description of the type(s) of information included in a strong-form efficient market is option B) historical and private.

In a strong-form efficient market, all information, including historical data and private (non-public) information, is already reflected in the stock prices, making it impossible for any investor to achieve abnormal returns consistently.

In a strong-form efficient market, investors cannot use any type of information to gain an advantage over other investors. This means that insider trading is not possible in a strong-form efficient market because all information, both public and private, is already reflected in the stock prices

Therefore,The best description of the type(s) of information included in a strong-form efficient market is option B) historical and private.

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