Explain the application of biology epecially the role of microbiology and biotechnology for the growing public and global health need
A, in the development effective diagnotic ,prevention ,and treatment meaure including production of novel drug and recombinant vaccine
B,in the production of nutritionally enriched genetically modified crop and anmimal to alloviate food inecurity which i a common dilemma particularly in underdeveloped countrie

'An enzyme responsible for flower color does not fold correctly in cooler temperatures, and the greenhouse is warmest in the center' best explains the differences in flower color of the African violets in the greenhouse

Much like human skin color, violets' color is driven by proteins, especially in the case of violets, by enzymes. Enzymes (generally like proteins) need to function at a specific temperature. Outside this temperature, the enzyme cannot reach its correct form and eventually its function in vivo changes.

Regarding the above question, the plants were in a greenhouse that changed the natural temperature of the environment, so the violets' color change was due to the enzymes involved in flower color shrinking appropriately at low temperatures and the greenhouse being warm in the middle.

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Complete question :

An African violet grower observes that genetically identical African violet plants growing near the walls of the greenhouse have white flowers, that plants growing farther away from the walls have pale blue flowers, and that plants growing nearest the center of the greenhouse have dark blue flowers.

Which of the following best explains the differences in flower color of the African violets in the greenhouse?

A Warmer temperatures result in genotypic alterations, which result in flower color differences.

B The plants along the walls of the greenhouse are homozygous recessive and therefore have white flowers.

C An enzyme responsible for flower color does not fold correctly in cooler temperatures, and the greenhouse is warmest in the center.

D More light is available along the walls of the greenhouse, so the flowers need less pigment to absorb sunlight for photosynthesis.

Answer:

The third to last.

positive;sunlight

Abstinence may be a strategy to do this until you're ready to prevent and/or handle the risks involved with sex, such as pregnancy and STDs.

Additionally, abstinence might help you focus on other important elements of your life, such as your friends, schoolwork, hobbies, sports team, social life, and future ambitions.

enable sexual activity between you and your partner be enjoyed without leading to pregnancy. Additionally, some types of outercourse (such dry humping or bare ) don't transmit STDs. increase in faithfulness and closeness between partners Prevent pregnancy if you don't have access to another method of birth control. make it simpler for you to understand your own body (and the body of your partner) help you comprehend it.

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The 3 factors that cause natural selection are given as, reproduction.

heredity, variation in characteristics.

The variation in phenotypic variance-driven individual survival and reproduction is known as natural selection. The generational evolution of a population's heritable features is a fundamental mechanism of evolution. Charles Darwin popularized the term "natural selection" by comparing it with artificial selection, which in his view is intentional while natural selection is not. There are variations in every community of creatures. This occurs in part as a result of the possibility of random mutations occurring in an organism's genome, which its offspring may inherit. Throughout their lives, people's experiences and genetic makeup combine to produce a variety of phenotypes.

A genome's environment consists of the cellular molecular biology, as well as other cells, individuals, populations, species, and abiotic factors.

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Explanation:

Mendel hypothesized that allele pairs separate randomly, or segregate, from each other during the production of the gametes in the seed plant (egg cell) and the pollen plant (sperm). Because allele pairs separate during gamete production, a sperm or egg carries only one allele for each inherited trait.

If a cell that contains 20% NaCl is placed in a solution with a concentration of 70% water, what will likely happen to the cell is that it will shrivel because the solution is a hypertonic solution.

The correct option is A.

A hypotonic solution is a solution that has a lower concentration of fluid, sugars, and salt than blood.

A hypertonic solution is a solution that has a higher concentration of fluid, sugars, and salt than blood.

An isotonic solution is a solution that has a similar concentration of fluid, sugars, and salt to blood.

Cells react differently when placed in hypertonic, isotonic, and hypotonic solutions.

When cells are placed in a hypertonic solution, they shrivel.

When cells are placed in a hypotonic solution, they swell.

When cells are placed in an isotonic solution, they stay the same.

A  cell that contains 20% NaCl is placed in a solution with a concentration of 70% water is placed in a hypertonic solution.

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Environmental conditions, like as harsh habitats or competition for mates, that restrict survival and reproduction are what drive natural selection. The term "artificial selection" also applies to selective breeding.

Selective breeding is an artificial process where people step in and choose certain organisms to mate, whereas breeding is a natural process of mating between two species.

Three contrasts exist between selective breeding and natural selection:

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The correct option is B ; Isomorphism , The gestalt perception hypothesis seeks to describe how the human brain understands information about connections and hierarchy in a design or picture based on visual signals such as proximity, resemblance, and closure.

According to the proximity principle, things that are near together appear to be more linked than those that are farther apart. Andy Rutledge is the source. Proximity is so potent that it overpowers color, form, and other qualities that could distinguish a collection of things.

According to the Gestalt Theory of learning psychology, every stimulus in learning is received by humans in its most basic form, often known as the Law of Simplicity.

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Full Question ;

It is known that before an eye movement or a finger movement occurs, it is possible to record altered activity in a specific cerebral cortex area. The Gestaltists would argue that this is support for the principle of ____.

A Cerebral sign Gestalt

B Isomorphism

C Einsich

D Quasimorphism

E Equimorphism

The role of the respiratory system is to help in gaseous exchange and the role of the circulatory system is to supply oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from the tissue.

The respiratory system aids in the inhalation of oxygen and the exhalation of carbon dioxide. Additionally, the circulatory system is the system that aids in removing carbon dioxide from tissues by way of the lungs and supplying oxygen from the lungs to tissues. This method of oxygen supply and carbon dioxide waste removal is made possible by both of these processes.

The oxygen that is inhaled first travels to the lungs where it is exchanged with the blood that carries the waste (CO₂) from the tissue via the heart. From the heart, the oxygen in the oxygenated blood is delivered to the tissues.  And the deoxygenated blood tissue carries the waste products from the tissue.

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It is at the proper distance from the Sun, and has a magnetic field that shields it from solar radiation.

Earth has an insulating atmosphere that keeps it warm and contains the correct chemistry for life, including carbon and water.

The lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, and inner core are possible divisions of the Earth's layers based on rheology. Living things can live thanks to the structure of Earth.

Therefore, while the sun produces heat and keeps the earth from freezing, the moon affects the tides and provides a supply of water.

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The findings described are most suggestive of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This is a condition where the kidneys become unable to filter blood as efficiently as they normally would, leading to a buildup of waste products in the body.

CKD can be caused by a variety of different factors, including long-term exposure to toxins, certain medications, and certain medical conditions such as diabetes and hypertension. Chronic kidney illness can cause atrophic tubules filled with eosinophilic proteinaceous casts, asymmetric corticomedullary scarring, distortion of the renal pelvis and calyces, and interstitial fibrosis in the kidney.

These findings suggest that the kidney is not functioning properly, and that there has been long-term damage to the organ. The specific cause of the CKD can only be determined after further testing. Treatment options vary depending on the cause and the severity, but may include medications, lifestyle changes, and dialysis.

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This is because it requires a great deal of energy to break large number of hydrogen bonds between water molecules.

The body reacts to an excessive loss of water and salt, typically through excessive sweating, by producing heat exhaustion. The elderly are especially susceptible to heat exhaustion. high blood pressure sufferers. those engaged in hot-weather work.

Not a covalent link to a hydrogen atom, hydrogen bonding is an unique kind of dipole-dipole interaction between molecules. It comes about as a result of the attraction between two extremely electronegative atoms, such as N, O, or F, and a hydrogen atom that is covalently bound to one of them.

A water molecule has a bent overall structure and is made up of two hydrogen atoms bound to an oxygen atom.

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Filtration is the term used to describe the net redistribution of extracellular fluid by bulk flow from the plasma compartment into the interstitial fluid compartment.

The process of forcing fluid and dissolved chemicals past capillary walls and into the interstitial fluid is known as filtering. The hydrostatic pressure gradient also referred to as the hydrostatic pressure difference between the plasma compartment and the interstitial fluid compartment, is what propels this process.

The filtration process is essential for maintaining the balance of fluids and electrolytes in the body and for the removal of waste products.

Filtration is one of the three basic mechanisms that contribute to the movement of fluid and dissolved substances across the capillaries. The other two mechanisms are diffusion and osmosis.

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Answer:

Prokaryotes are organisms whose cells lack a nucleus and other organelles. Prokaryotes are divided into two distinct groups: the bacteria and the archaea, which scientists believe have unique evolutionary lineages. Most prokaryotes are small, single-celled organisms that have a relatively simple structure.

Energy Conservation slogans make no unwise moves. Conserve fossil fuels. Burn fossil fuels right now to avoid becoming one tomorrow. Conserve fuel to save money.

By using fewer energy services, energy conservation aims to cut down on unnecessary energy use. This can be accomplished by modifying one's behavior to use less service or by using energy more efficiently (using less energy for continuous service) (for example, by driving less). Through effective energy use, which has a number of benefits, including a decrease in greenhouse gas emissions and a lower carbon footprint, as well as cost, water, and energy savings, energy conservation can be accomplished.

In the planning and construction of buildings, energy conservation is crucial. Since the 1970s, its prominence has grown. Recently, the significance of energy conservation has been highlighted by worries about the implications of climate change and global warming. Green engineering techniques extend the life of machine parts that transform energy from one form to another.

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The correct option (c)  Endosymbiosis in the ancestors of eukaryotes, and again in photosynthetic eukaryotes led to the evolution of mitochondria and chloroplasts, which retain parts of their original genomes.

Ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) is a non-coding RNA that is the principal component of ribosomes, which are required by all cells. rRNA is a ribozyme that conducts protein synthesis in ribosomes.

Ribosomal RNA is transcribed from rDNA and then bound to ribosomal proteins to produce small and large ribosomal subunits. The ribosome's physical and mechanical element that causes transfer RNA (tRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) to process and translate the latter into proteins is rRNA.

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Venus flytraps and pitcher plants occupy two spots within the same food chain.

What is food chain?

A food chain is a linear sequence of organisms in which nutrients and energy are transferred from one organism to another. This happens when one organism consumes another. It starts with producing organisms, follows the chain, and ends with decomposing organisms.

In this case, carnivorous plants are carnivorous plants that can catch and eat small animals and are eaten by larger animals.

Similarly, the Venus flytrap is a plant that catches and eats small animals and can be eaten by larger animals.

hence, it can be concluded that Venus flytraps and pitcher plants are correct answer that says they occupy two spots within the same food chain.

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The Gap 1, DNA Synthesis, and Gap 2 phases of the cell cycle are collectively called interphase.

Interphase, which comprises the G1, S, and G2 phases, is the portion of the cell cycle that is not accompanied by observable changes under the microscope. The cell grows (G1), duplicates its DNA (S), and prepares for mitosis during interphase (G2).

Interphase cells are not just dormant. The label quiescent (i.e. dormant) would be deceptive because a cell in interphase is quite active, creating proteins, transcribing DNA into RNA, absorbing external material, and processing signals, to mention a few. Only in terms of cell division is the cell dormant (i.e. the cell is out of the cell cycle, G0).

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According to the cell theory, cells make up every biological entity; they are the basic building block of life, and all life originates from earlier forms of life.

1) Cells make up all living things. 2) All of the existing cells were created by other live cells. 3) The simplest form of life is the cell.

Theodor Schwann put forth the classic cell theory in 1839. This theory consists of three components. Including the first section, cells make up all organisms. The basic building blocks of life are cells, according to the second section.

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These would have phenotypes (PP and Pp) of 75% purple and 25% white (pp). The colour of the pea plant's blooms was one of the important characteristics Mendel examined.

When two heterozygous tall pea plants with purple flowers are crossed, it is possible that one of the offspring may be short with white flowers. This is similar to the monohybrid cross and depends on the individual probabilities of the traits. This means that there is a 1/4 chance that one of their progeny will be short and a 1/4 chance that one will have white flowers (in case of monohybrid cross). The genotypes of the offspring born from the union of a heterozygous purple flower (Rr) and a recessive white flower (rr) are (Rr), (Rr), (rr), and (rr). Consequently, half of the progeny have purple flowers (Rr), while half have white blooms (rr).

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The Upper Mantle is the uppermost portion of the Earth's mantle. It is composed of relatively cool rocks such as peridotite and basalt. The temperature is typically between 500 and 1000 degrees Celsius. It is mainly composed of minerals such as olivine, pyroxene, and garnet. It is relatively rigid and is the main source of orogeny.

The Lower Mantle is the portion of the Earth's mantle located below the upper mantle. It is composed of hot, dense rocks such as eclogite and dunite. The temperature is typically between 1000 and 2000 degrees Celsius. It is mainly composed of minerals such as bridgmanite, ferropericlase, and magnesiowüstite. It is ductile and is the main source of convection, which drives plate tectonics.

A large, complex molecule such as a protein contains more potential energy than the smaller amino acid subunits of which it is composed. This is because a protein is a polymer, meaning it is composed of multiple molecules linked together in specific ways.

When these molecules are linked together, the bonds between them store energy. This energy is refers to potential energy. When compared to the smaller amino acid subunits, the potential energy stored in the protein is much greater. This is due to the fact that the potential energy stored in a protein is the sum of the potential energy of all the individual amino acids.

Additionally, the bonds that join the amino acids together in a protein are much stronger than the bonds that link the amino acids in the smaller subunits. Therefore, proteins contain more potential energy than the smaller amino acid subunits of which they are composed.

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The three main groups of mollusks are bivalves, gastropods, and cephalopods. Out of which Gastropod is the largest class.

In general, gastropods include snails and slugs. Bivalves are having hin.ged shells also called val.ves examples include clams, mussels, and oysters. Cephalopods include the octopus and squid.

The phylum Mollusca has many distinctive features and  special characteristics, which include a mantle cavity, visceral mass, foot, and radula. Gastropods have a special characteristics that includes spirally-coiled external shell while others mollusks usually have a flattened shell, and many of them doesn't  possess any shell as outer structure.

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The correct options are; 1. A. 1,500 endemic plant species.

2. C. Both A and B

3. B. It is illegal to capture/purchase some species under the law.

Biodiversity hotspots are geographical areas that are ecologically distinct and have a particularly high species richness; they are therefore top priorities for nature preservation. Biodiversity is defined in a variety of ways.

When foreign species are removed from the wild, they are in fact eliminated from the local, reproducing population. When released by their owners into a continent other than their own, exotic animals can also devastate the ecosystem.

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The morphology of the cysts caused by Entamoeba hartmanni resembles Entamoeba histolytica, but lacks ingested red blood cells in its trophozoite form.

Amoebas are unicellular organisms which are able to alter their shape. They are usually found in water bodies like slow moving rivers, lakes and ponds. They are also pathogenic to humans and can cause diseases like amoebiasis.

Entamoeba hartmanni is a type of non-pathogenic amoeba. Its life cycle is very similar to the life cycle of Entamoeba histolytica but it lacks an invasive stage. When in its trophozoite form, it does not ingests red blood cells. The morphology of its cysts resemble that of Entamoeba histolytica. The motility of their cysts is also comparatively less rapid.

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Animals breathe in oxygen and emit carbon dioxide. Plants remove oxygen from the atmosphere while absorbing carbon dioxide. Animals can find food and refuge in plants.

A biotic community, or biota, made up of various plants, animals, and microbes coexists and is interconnected throughout the forest. There is direct or indirect interdependence between plants and animals. For instance, rodents eat plants and grains, and after being devoured by snakes, rats serve as a diet for eagles. Since the beginning of time, animals and plants have coexisted in a symbiotic connection. Just as plants provided the habitat for animals to thrive on land, animals also assisted plants in surviving by giving fertiliser through faeces and animal decomposition. Animals help pollinate plants and contribute carbon dioxide, which plants use as a source of energy. All these significant effects take place as a result of the interdependence of the plants and animals in the food chain.

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If the apple snail population were to decrease, the limpkin, a secondary consumer that eats mainly apple snails, would have to find an alternative food source in order to adapt to its environment. This could involve finding other types of snails or mollusks to eat, or potentially switching to a diet that includes other types of prey. The limpkin may also need to range over a larger area in order to locate sufficient food, or it may need to change its foraging behavior in order to more effectively locate and capture its preferred prey. Ultimately, the limpkin's ability to adapt to a decline in the apple snail population will depend on the availability of other suitable food sources and the flexibility of its foraging behavior.

B) Similar to how a drive is to a psychological state, a need is to a physiological state.

Perception, bodily awareness, thought, belief, desire, motivation, intention, deliberation, decision, pleasure, emotion, mood, imagination, and memory are all examples of mental states. While some of these types are clearly distinguished from one another, others may overlap.

There are four distinct states of mind when you combine the types of focus (internal and external) with the ways we focus (helpful and harmful): critical, engaged, and on autopilot.

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