in a small, closed economy, national income (gdp) is $400 million for the current year. individuals have spent $150 million on the consumption of goods and services. they have paid a total of $200 million in taxes and the government has spent $150 million on goods and services this year. use this information and the national income identity to answer the questions. how much does the economy spend on investment?

The answer to your question is:

The component of a change and configuration management policy that identifies technical and budgetary considerations associated with a proposed change and also identifies any potential impacts to the network is called Impact Analysis

Impact analysis is used to determine the potential risks, cost, benefits and potential side effects of the proposed change. It evaluates the impact of the change on the existing system and identifies any potential vulnerabilities that could arise from the change.

It also evaluates the cost of the change and the budget needed for the change. Finally, it evaluates the potential impact on the network and identifies any potential disruptions or risks that could arise from the change.

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The component of a change and configuration management policy that identifies technical and budgetary considerations associated with a proposed change and also identifies any potential impacts to the network is the "Change Evaluation" component.

The Change Evaluation component is responsible for assessing proposed changes and determining their potential impact on the network, including technical and budgetary considerations. This includes identifying potential risks and assessing the impact of the change on network availability, reliability, and security.

The Change Evaluation component is critical to the success of change and configuration management policies because it helps ensure that proposed changes are thoroughly evaluated before they are implemented.

Overall, the Change Evaluation component plays a vital role in ensuring that changes are evaluated in a systematic and comprehensive manner, and that the impact of those changes is carefully considered before they are implemented.

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The factor represents one of the sources of value derived from network effects "staying power" represents one of the sources of value derived from network effects. The correct option is D.

The network effects refer to the phenomenon where the value of a product or service increases as more people use it. Staying power is a factor that contributes to the value derived from network effects because it refers to the ability of a product or service to retain its users over time.

The reason of  staying power as more people use a product or service, it becomes more valuable to each individual user, and this increased value makes it more likely that they will continue to use it, which further reinforces the network effects. In other words, the more people who use a product or service, the more likely it is to remain popular and valuable over time, which contributes to its staying power.

Therefore, the correct answer will be option (D)

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Market failure occurs when market forces lead to an inefficient outcome

Market forces are the factors that affect the behavior of buyers and sellers in the market. They include supply and demand, competition, government regulations, and other economic factors.

Market failure is a situation in which the allocation of resources in the market is not efficient and leads to a suboptimal outcome.  

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Examples of annuities include mortgages, pension plan payouts, savings plans, and layaway purchases, but not a one-time payment in full. Thus, Option D is correct.

An annuity is a financial product that involves a series of regular payments made over a specific period. Examples of annuities include mortgages, where a borrower makes regular payments to a lender over a set period to repay the loan. Pension plan payouts are also annuities, where retirees receive regular payments from their pension fund.

Savings plans, such as retirement annuities, are also annuities, where individuals contribute a certain amount of money to an investment account that pays out regular payments in the future. Layaway purchases, where a consumer pays for a product in installments over time, are also annuities. However, a one-time payment in full is not an annuity, as it does not involve a series of regular payments over time.

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Ann can get a mortgage of up to $330,859 if she is willing to spend $1,500 per month on her mortgage payment.

This is based on a fully amortizing 30 year fixed rate mortgage with monthly payments at 4.38%.

To calculate the mortgage amount, you can use the following formula:
[tex]M = P [(r(1+r)^n)/((1+r)^n^ -^1)][/tex]

Where:
M = Monthly Mortgage Payment
P = Principal (Mortgage amount)
r = Interest rate
n = Number of payments (30 years in this case)

Plugging in the values, you get:
M =[tex]1500 [(0.0438(1+0.0438)^3^6^0)/((1+0.0438)^3^6^0^ -^1)][/tex]
M = 330,859

Therefore, Ann can get a mortgage of up to $330,859 if she is willing to spend $1,500 per month on her mortgage payment.

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The missing factor is political conditions. The extent to which a business can mitigate risk depends upon the situational factors that provide challenges and opportunities. These include inventory, transportation, outsourcing, social conditions, political conditions, and economic conditions.

Political conditions are a very important factor that can affect the growth and expansion of any business. Political situations, such as sanctions or political unrest in a country, may make it difficult for a business to operate and grow. In some cases, the country's government may impose regulations and requirements that make it difficult for the business to operate or compete with other businesses.

Therefore, it is important for businesses to consider the political conditions of a country before expanding their operations. They should analyze the country's political stability, the government's policies, regulations, and requirements, and any potential risks that could arise from the country's political situation. By doing so, businesses can mitigate risks and make informed decisions about expanding their operations.

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Approximately 21% increase is the percentage change in the price of this bond if the interest rates decrease by 2%. So the option C is correct.

Face value = 1000

Coupon rate is 7%.

Coupon Amount = Face Value × Coupon Rate

Coupon Amount = 1000 × 7%

Coupon Amount = 1000 × 7/100

Coupon Amount = 70

Years to Maturity(n) = 20

Required Return (i) = 10%

Bond price formula = Coupon amount × (1 - (1/(1+i)ⁿ)/i + face value/(1+i)ⁿ

Bond price formula = 70 × (1 - (1/(1 + 10%)²⁰))/10% + 1000/(1 + 10%)²⁰

Bond price formula = 70 × (1 - (1/(1 + 0.10)²⁰))/0.10% + 1000/(1 + 0.10)²⁰

Bond price formula = 744.5930884

When interest rate down by 2%, new required return (i) = 10% - 2%

When interest rate down by 2%, new required return (i) = 8%

Bond price formula = Coupon amount × (1 - (1/(1+i)^n)/i + face value/(1+i)^n

New bond price = 70 × (1-(1/(1 + 8%)²⁰))/8% + 1000/(1 + 8%)²⁰

New bond price = 901.8185259

Change in bond price % = (New price - last price)/last price

Change in bond price % = (901.8185259 - 744.5930884)/744.5930884

Change in bond price % = 0.2111561871

Change in bond price % =  21.11%(approx)

So, there will be approximately 21% increase.

So the option C is correct.

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The complete question is:

A 20-year bond has a 7.0% coupon rate and face value of $1000. The required return is 10%. What is the percentage change in the price of this bond if the interest rates decrease by 2%? Assume the bond makes semi-annual coupon payments.

A. Approximately 31% increase

B. Approximately 31% decrease

C. Approximately 21% increase

D. Approximately 21% decrease

E. Approximately 2% increase

The factors in the ethical decision-making model are

The ethical decision-making model is a framework for making moral or ethical decisions. It is a step-by-step process that helps individuals or groups identify, analyze, and resolve ethical dilemmas in a structured and systematic way. The model typically consists of the following steps:

Identify the problem: Recognize that there is an ethical issue or dilemma.

Gather information: Collect all the relevant facts and information related to the issue.

Identify the stakeholders: Determine who is affected by the decision and consider their interests and values.

Evaluate alternatives: Consider various options for resolving the issue and evaluate the consequences of each.

Employee benefits packages and internal control are not typically included in the ethical decision-making model.

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The statement "the importing of foreign goods by u.s. firms is called foreign direct investment." is True because  the  Foreign direct investment (FDI) is when U.S. firms import goods from foreign countries.

This involves the direct investment of capital from a U.S. firm into a foreign business, with the goal of increasing the U.S. firm's presence in the global market. FDI may involve buying stocks or assets, opening a new business, or merging with an existing foreign business.

In any case, it gives the U.S. firm access to foreign markets, resources, and technologies, helping them compete in a global economy. FDI can also increase economic growth in both the U.S. and foreign countries, creating jobs and driving up wages in both countries.

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Tangible resources have physical attributes and are visible.

Tangible resources are physical resources that can be touched, felt, and seen. Land, buildings, machinery, and equipment are all examples of tangible assets. They are seen as easily quantifiable assets in accounting and are essential to many companies' operations. They have physical attributes and are visible. Tangible resources are items that may be seen, touched, or held in the context of business. As opposed to intangible assets, which include things like patents and trademarks, tangible resources are physical assets that a company can acquire and own.

Tangible resources have a monetary worth, such as plant and equipment, and can be utilized in the manufacturing of goods and services. The term "physical assets" is sometimes used to describe them.Tangible resources are physical resources that can be touched, felt, and seen. Land, buildings, machinery, and equipment are all examples of tangible assets. They are seen as easily quantifiable assets in accounting and are essential to many companies' operations.

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True, the inventory turnover ratio is calculated by dividing the cost of goods sold (COGS) by the average inventory.

The inventory turnover ratio is a financial ratio that measures the number of times that inventory is sold and replaced during a specific period.

It is used to determine the efficiency of a company's inventory management.

Inventory Turnover Ratio = Cost of Goods Sold / Average Inventory

Cost of Goods Sold = Beginning Inventory + Purchases - Ending Inventory

Average Inventory = (Beginning Inventory + Ending Inventory) / 2

Therefore, it is true that the inventory turnover ratio is computed by dividing the cost of goods sold by the average inventory.

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The shift in focus of Ikea towards effectively managing a global supply chain in order to achieve economies of scale reflects a change in the company's operations since expanding internationally. This reflects the company's attempt to optimize its operations and increase efficiency.

It also represents a shift in strategy as Ikea attempts to leverage its global reach and expand its operations in new markets. How does Ikea shift its focus?

Ikea shifted its focus towards effectively managing a global supply chain in order to achieve economies of scale. This reflects the company's attempt to optimize its operations and increase efficiency. Ikea has been successful in managing its global supply chain by leveraging economies of scale and achieving cost savings. By doing so, the company has been able to expand its operations and increase its market share in new markets.

In addition, the company has also been able to maintain its commitment to sustainability, which has become an increasingly important issue for consumers in recent years. Ikea has been able to achieve this by adopting innovative approaches to supply chain management, such as using renewable energy sources and developing more sustainable products.

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Northeast Foodbank Corp. works in cooperation with three local grocery stores and a meat market to supply food to underprivileged families. Grocery stores and meat markets are examples of retailers.

What is a retailer?

A retailer is an individual or company that sells goods directly to the end consumer. Retailers play a vital role in the supply chain by bridging the gap between manufacturers and consumers. Retailers buy goods in bulk from producers or wholesalers, store them, and then sell them to customers for profit.

The following are some characteristics of retailers:

Retailers' main objective is to profit by providing customers with products that meet their needs. In the case of Northeast Foodbank Corp., retailers provide food to underprivileged families in need.

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Owner of record, which is the third option, is the response of this situation.

An owner of record is a person who is identified as the owner of a certain item, such as real estate or a mortgage, in public documents. The same holds true when other assets, such stock shares, are involved. Any shares that are in the ownership of the owner of record may be sold or held onto for a long period of time.

A person who owns stock, for instance, may be referred to as a shareholder of record or a stockholder of record.

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The status of the contract between Mr. Green and Mr. Blue is that there is no contract because Mr. Green gave inadequate consideration, as he used coercion to obtain payment from Mr. Blue.

A contract requires an offer, acceptance, and consideration. In this scenario, there was an offer (not to burn Mr. Blue's business down), and acceptance (by Mr. Blue paying $100). However, the consideration provided by Mr. Green was inadequate because it was obtained through coercion (threatening to burn Mr. Blue's business down).

Therefore, there was no valid contract between Mr. Green and Mr. Blue. Coercion, or the use of threats, to obtain payment or other benefits, is illegal and can result in criminal charges.

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Each resident's consumption function in the very small economy, with y being disposable income, is:

To find the resident's consumption function, you need to find their Marginal Propensity to Consume by the formula:

= Change in consumption / Change in income

For Andre this is:

= 14, 000 / 20, 000

= 0. 70

The consumption function is then c = 1000 + 0.70y.

For Barbara this is:

= 10, 000 / 20, 000

= 0. 5

The consumption function is then c = 2,500 + 0.60 y.

For Casey:

= 18, 000 / 20, 000

= 0. 9

The consumption function is then c = 2000 + 0.90 y.

For Declan :

= 12, 000 / 20, 000

= 0. 6

The consumption function is then c = 5000 + 0.60 y.

For Elena :

= 15, 000 / 20, 000

= 0. 75

The consumption function is then  c = 4000 + 0.75y.

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When people buy something at a price that is higher than their marginal profit but lower than their cost of production and consumer has a marginal benefit that is lower than the item's price.

Consumer surplus constantly increases as product prices fall and diminishes as product prices rise. Economists visualize it as the triangle-shaped region beneath the demand curve that is between the market price and the price that customers are willing to pay.

The difference between the price a consumer pays for a good and the amount he would be prepared to pay rather than do without it is known as consumer surplus, also known as societal surplus and consumer's surplus, in economics.

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a. The government agrees to buy 50 million tons of corn at $ 350 per ton. b. The U.S. government provides $17.5 billion in subsidy. c. The price support in this example is inefficient. d. The subsidy is unfair.

a. In this example, the government agrees to buy 50 million tons of corn at a price of $350 per ton. This is because domestic buyers only demand 450 million tons at this price, while the farmers produce 500 million tons, creating a surplus of 50 million tons.

b. The U.S. government provides a total subsidy of $17.5 billion to the corn farmers. This is calculated by multiplying the surplus (50 million tons) by the price support ($350 per ton).

c. The price support in this example is inefficient. This is because it leads to overproduction of corn (500 million tons produced, but only 450 million tons demanded), resulting in a misallocation of resources. The government must spend money to purchase the surplus, which could have been used for other purposes.

d. The fairness of the subsidy is subjective, but some may argue that it is unfair. The subsidy benefits corn farmers by guaranteeing a higher price for their product, but it also leads to inefficiencies and higher costs for taxpayers. Additionally, the higher price of corn may negatively impact consumers, particularly those with lower incomes, who might struggle to afford the higher-priced corn products.

Note: The question is incomplete. The complete question probably is: Corn is a very valuable product for which the U.S. government routinely offers subsidies. With no price support, the equilibrium price for corn is $300 per ton and the equilibrium quantity is 500 million tons per year. Suppose that the government agrees to pay farmers $350 for every ton of corn they produce and can't sell in the market. According to the farmer's market supply curve, 600 million tons per year is supplied at the price of $350 a ton, so production should increase to this amount. However, domestic users of corn cut back their purchases. Only 450 million tons a year is demanded at the price of $350 a ton, and purchases decrease to this amount. Farmers continue to produce 500 million tons of corn per year, so because they produce a greater quantity of corn than domestic buyers are willing to purchase, something must be done with the surplus. To make the price support work, the government decides to buy the surplus. a. In this example, how many million tons does the government agree to buy? At what price? b. How much in total does the U.S. government provide in subsidy to the corn farmers? Why? c. Is the price support in this example efficient or inefficient? Explain your reasoning. d. Is the subsidy fair? Explain your reasoning.

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False. A business analyst is often required to identify how the system will provide business value when compared to a systems analyst.  The business analyst is responsible for identifying how the system will provide business value, whereas the systems analyst focuses on designing the technical components of the system.

A business analyst is a professional who analyzes business operations, processes, and systems in order to identify problems and opportunities for improvement. They work closely with stakeholders and subject matter experts to gather and analyze requirements, and then use this information to design solutions that meet the needs of the organization. Business analysts may also be involved in testing, training, and implementation of new systems or processes.

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The statement "when followers have a say in the selection or election of a leader, they are likely to have low expectations and make few demands." if false because followers have a say in the selection or election of a leader, they are likely to have higher expectations and make more demands.

The reason for this is that when people are actively involved in the process of choosing their leader, they are more likely to be invested in the outcome and have higher expectations for the person they selected.

This is because they believe their choice should reflect their values and needs, and therefore, they want the leader to deliver on those expectations.

As a result, followers are more likely to make demands and hold the leader accountable for their actions and decisions, as they feel a sense of responsibility and ownership over the leader's performance.

Involvement in the selection process creates a sense of empowerment and raises the stakes for the followers, leading to increased expectations and demands.

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In customer feedback surveys, RTC Corp customers have indicated that they have a similar experience each time they interact with the company. This reflects success in the consistency service quality dimension.

RTC Corp customers experiencing a similar experience each time they interact with the company reflects success in the service quality dimension of consistency.

Consistency is a service quality dimension that refers to the uniformity and reliability of the service. It is the extent to which a company offers dependable and accurate services, including availability, delivery, dependability, and reliability.

The consistency dimension of service quality encompasses the following:-

Therefore, this ensures that customers are satisfied with the services they receive and that they have a positive experience. So, the success of RTC Corp in the consistency dimension of service quality reflects its ability to meet customer expectations and provide high-quality services.

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Yes, a forecast with a time horizon of about 3 months to 3 years is typically called a long-range forecast.

Forecasting is the process of predicting the future based on previous data and analysis. Time horizon, which is the period of time for which a forecast is made, is the most important factor in forecasting. On the basis of time horizon, forecasting is classified into three types: short-range forecasting, medium-range forecasting, and long-range forecasting.

A short-range forecast, which is often known as an operational forecast, has a time horizon of one day to a week. It's typically used for scheduling work, assigning personnel, and scheduling material deliveries. A medium-range forecast has a time horizon of one week to six months. It's used for sales and production planning, budgeting, and cash flow projections. A long-range forecast has a time horizon of about 3 months to 3 years. It's used for long-term strategic planning, such as investment planning and facility expansion.

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The United States and Kenya are exploring the possibility of a trade deal free trade refers to a situation in which a government does not attempt to restrict what its citizens can buy from or sell to another country. So, the correct option is E.

Free trade refers to a situation in which a government does not attempt to restrict what its citizens can buy from or sell to another country. Free trade is a concept that refers to an open, unrestricted economic atmosphere. Free trade enables nations to trade with one another without restrictions such as import tariffs, export subsidies, or other trade obstacles.

Free trade promotes trade between nations by enabling firms to export their goods and services while keeping costs low by importing inputs at lower costs. Free trade is an ideal in which goods, capital, and labor are unrestricted by national borders, government intervention, or regulations.

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The correct option is A, an exception to copyright. Fair use is an exception to copyright that allows people to use a copyrighted work without permission from the copyright owner for certain purposes, such as commentary, criticism, reporting, research, teaching, and scholarship.

Fair use is a legal doctrine that allows limited use of copyrighted material without the need for permission from the copyright holder. It is based on the belief that the public should have access to certain material for educational and informational purposes without the permission of the copyright holder. Fair use allows the use of copyrighted material for certain purposes, such as criticism, commentary, reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. In general, the use must be for non-profit educational purposes. Thus option A is correct.

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The innovation being exemplified in this scenario is disruptive innovation.

Disruptive innovation is the innovation that produces products or services with less quality and performance than existing products or services but has other characteristics that attract customers. It is a type of innovation that creates new markets with new value networks and eventually displaces established market leaders and alliances happened in the scenario is that the automobile manufacturer created high-performance products that were new in the market.

Customers were willing to pay a high price for the product since it offered unique features. However, after some time, other brands offered the same features at a lower price, which led the innovators to reduce the price as well. In this way, these other brands disrupted the initial innovation of the automobile manufacturer by offering similar products at a lower price that attracted customers away from the high-performance products with a higher price tag. Therefore, disruptive innovation is being exemplified in this scenario.

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If the needed return is 7% and the aforementioned growth rate, the value of Walmart stock per share is 42.60.

Three benefits of preferred shares account for the term "preferred": Dividends are paid to preferred investors first (with precedence given to them over common stockholders). With low interest rates, preferred shares offer a more attractive dividend yield than common stock or bondholders typically do. What doesn't a preferred stock feature have?

As a result, ownership is the feature that does not distinguish preferred stock from common stock. Thus, it is the right response.

P0 = D0 / (r-g)

D0 given in statement as 2.12

D1 = 2.12*(1+.0193) = 2.16

= 2.16 / (.07-.0193)

42.60

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The focusing step that is being identified from the theory of constraints is C. Identify.

The identify step involves identifying the constraint or bottleneck in the system, which is the factor that limits the system's overall performance. Once the constraint has been identified, the subsequent steps of the TOC process can be used to optimize the system and improve its overall performance.

The statement "Increase the output of the bottleneck. Remove any non-value adding work or interruptions to the bottleneck" therefore describes the first focusing step of the Theory of Constraints (TOC), which is to identify the constraint or bottleneck in the system.

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When Panchali realizes that she is not getting enough customers because there are several other similar seamstresses in the area, the threat her business is facing is narrow market niche.

A narrow market niche refers to a small market segment that is not well-served. It is also referred to as a niche market, which is a focused and targetable part of a larger market in which consumers have specific needs, desires, or preferences.

Niche markets are becoming increasingly popular, with consumers increasingly turning to more personalized, unique products, and services. They are more likely to be served by small businesses with a narrow focus because larger companies tend to focus on broader markets.

In conclusion, Panchali's business faces the threat of a narrow market niche.

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In Novak's 2024 net cash provided by operations, the amount of cash disbursements for insurance would be reported.

Cash disbursements refer to the payments made by a company during a specific time period. These disbursements are generally made for a variety of purposes, including salaries, rent, utilities, taxes, and inventory purchases. Cash disbursements can be used to measure a company's liquidity, as they provide a clear indication of how much cash is flowing out of the company.The net cash provided by operations for a specific period of time refers to the cash inflows and outflows generated by the company's primary operations. It is calculated by subtracting cash disbursements from cash receipts. As a result, in Novak's 2024 net cash provided by operations, the amount of cash disbursements for insurance would be reported.

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"To determine gains from trade, the terms of trade must be compared to the production and consumption before trade " is True as The terms of trade compare the prices of goods and services between two countries.

If the terms of trade are favourable, the country can increase its production and consumption of goods and services after trade. The comparison of the terms of trade to the production and consumption before trade can help to determine the gains from trade.

When a country engages in international trade, it seeks to benefit from better prices or better quality of goods and services than it could produce itself.

The comparison of the terms of trade to the production and consumption before trade gives an indication of how successful the country has been in obtaining better prices or better quality goods and services.

If the terms of trade are more favourable than the production and consumption before trade, then the country has gained from trade.

On the other hand, if the terms of trade are not more favourable than the production and consumption before trade, then the country has not gained from trade.

Therefore, to determine the gains from trade, the terms of trade must be compared to the production and consumption before trade.

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