1. The present value of a cash flow diagram is zero if the sum of inflows and outflows is zero.
2. The money that Jason gets after 10 years is $116,030.84.
1. A cash flow diagram is a tool used to demonstrate visually all cash inflows and outflows of an investment over a specified period of time, and it consists of vertical lines and horizontal lines.
In the given case, Jason wants to stash $80,000 in a bank with a single interest rate of 7%, and over the course of 4 years, the bank changed the regulations which resulted in the interest rate being lowered to 6%, becoming a compound interest rate.
2. Calculation of money that Jason gets after 10 years: After 10 years of saving money, Jason will take the money.
To calculate the money that Jason gets, we need to use the following formula:
[tex]`A=P(1+r/n)^(nt)`[/tex]
Here,
P = $80,000
r = 7% for 4 years, 6% for the remaining 6 years
n = compounding frequency per year
t = total time in years
From the given information, we know that in the first 4 years, the interest rate was 7%, so the compounding frequency is yearly. So, we will use n = 1 for the first 4 years.
For the remaining 6 years, the interest rate was 6%, and the interest rate is compounded annually, semi-annually, quarterly, or monthly, and we need to find the value of n.
To calculate n, we will use the following formula:
[tex]`FV = PV(1 + r/n)^(nt)`[/tex]
Here,
FV = Future value
PV = Present value
r = Rate of interest
n = Compounding frequency per year
t = Time in years
In our case,
FV = $80,000
PV = $80,000
r = 6%
n = ?
t = 6 years
Substituting these values in the formula, we get:
[tex]`$80,000 = $80,000(1 + 0.06/n)^(n*6)`\\`1 = (1 + 0.06/n)^(6n)`[/tex]
Taking the log on both sides, we get:
[tex]`log(1) = log[(1 + 0.06/n)^(6n)]`\\`0 = 6n*log(1 + 0.06/n)`\\`n = 2`[/tex]
(rounded to the nearest integer)
Therefore, we will use n = 2 for the remaining 6 years.
Now, we can substitute all the values in the formula
[tex]`A=P(1+r/n)^(nt)`[/tex]
calculate the money that Jason gets:
[tex]`A = $80,000(1+0.07/1)^4 + $80,000(1+0.06/2)^(2*6)`\\`A = $116,030.84`[/tex]
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Raisha analyzes and calculates costs to make plans in setting up a business in the automotive sector. Based on these analyzes and calculations, Raisha requires an investment of IDR 100,000,000. Raisha will meet 50% of the investment cost using a loan from the bank and will be repaid within 10 years of running the business. The bank charges a single interest rate of 8% per annum. How much money must Raisha pay to the bank?
Raisha will have to pay IDR 107,946,248.19 to the bank after the completion of 10 years.
In order to calculate how much Raisha has to pay to the bank, we need to consider the interest rate per annum, the duration of the loan, and the amount of loan.
Given that
Raisha requires an investment of IDR 100,000,000.
Out of which 50% will be borrowed from the bank.
The loan will be repaid within 10 years of running the business.
The bank charges a single interest rate of 8% per annum.
So, to calculate the amount of money that Raisha has to pay back to the bank, we can use the formula:
FV = PV * (1+r)ⁿ
where,
FV = Future Value
PV = Present Value (amount of loan)
R = Rate of Interest per annum
N = Time duration of the loan
By substituting the given values in the above formula, we get:
FV = 50,000,000 * (1+0.08)¹⁰
FV = 50,000,000 * 2.158925
FV = 107,946,248.19
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a) Rohmert Model (for dynamic) (b)Pulat Model c) None d) Rohmert Model (for static) e) Classic formula 6. Which component of the information processing model has the highest number of connections with the other components: a Perception b Sensory organs C Attention resources D working memory E Response selections 7. which of the following activate risk score? A) Shoulder is raised. b) Neck is twisting. C) Arm is supported. d) Trunk is side bending. e) Flexion occurs in the wrist 8. While deciding the dimensions of the work a) Lifting multiplier values-resting periods b) Physical work environment-metabolic c) Safety metrics-Climate conditions d) Physiological data-anthropology e) Type of work-anthropometry 9. Which of the following ergonomic finance, assurance, software and...? a) ROSA b) NIOSH C) RULA d)REBA e)QEC
Among the various components of the information processing model, Working memory has the highest number of connections with the other components. It plays a significant role in perception, attention, and long-term memory.
Shoulder is raised activates risk score. In ergonomics, the risk score is an estimation of the level of risk involved in certain tasks or operations. The risk score is calculated based on various factors such as the weight of the load, the posture of the worker, the duration of the task, and the frequency of the task. The activation of the risk score helps the worker to identify potential hazards and take necessary precautions.
NIOSH provides guidelines and standards related to various aspects of occupational safety and health, including ergonomics. ROSA (Rapid Office Strain Assessment), RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment), REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment), and QEC (Quick Exposure Check) are also ergonomic assessment tools used to identify ergonomic hazards and assess the level of risk involved.
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A project currently generates sales of $19 million, variable costs equal 40% of sales, and fixed costs are $3.8 million. The firm's tax rate is 21%. Assume all sales and expenses are cash items. a. What are the effects on cash flow, If sales increase from $19 million to $20.9 million? Note: Input the amount as positive value. Enter your answer in dollars not In millions. b. What are the effects on cash flow, If varlable costs increase to 50% of sales? Note: Input the amount as positive value. Enter your answer in dollars not in millions.
If sales increase from $19 million to $20.9 million, the change in cash flow is $1.84 million.
What are the effects on cash flow, If sales increase from $19 million to $20.9 million?The effects on cash flow, If sales increase from $19 million to $20.9 million can be calculated as follows:
Increase in sales = $20.9 million − $19 million
= $1.9 million.
Revenue increase = 1.9 × $20.9 million
= $39.71 million.
Contribution margin = 60% × $20.9 million
= $12.54 million.
Contribution margin before taxes = $12.54 million − $3.8 million
= $8.74 million.
Taxable income = $8.74 million(1 − 21%)
= $6.90 million.
After-tax contribution margin = $8.74 million − $6.90 million
= $1.84 million
Change in cash flow = $1.84 million
b. What are the effects on cash flow, If variable costs increase to 50% of sales?The effects on cash flow, If variable costs increase to 50% of sales can be calculated as follows:
New variable cost = 50% × $19 million
= $9.5 million.
Contribution margin = (60% − 50%) × $19 million
= $1.9 million
Contribution margin before taxes = $1.9 million − $3.8 million
= −$1.9 million.
Taxable loss = −$1.9 million(1 − 21%)
= −$1.5 million.
After-tax contribution margin = −$1.9 million − (−$1.5 million)
= −$0.4 million.
Change in cash flow = −$0.4 million, which means the cash flow decreases.
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You purchase an asset for $1800. At the end of the year, you sell the asset for$1950. The asset does not have any income stream attached to it. What is theasset's return (%)?
a)16.22%
b)12.15%
c)6.17%
d)8.33%
e)7.55%
Question 2 An investor is thinking about buying a discount bond with a $1000 face value andholding on to it until it matures. The purchase price of the discount bond isdetermined in the bond market. If the purchase price of the bond rises, the bond's
return will...a)fall.b)rise.
To calculate the asset's return percentage, we can use the formula:
Return percentage = ((Selling price - Purchase price) / Purchase price) * 100
Given:
Purchase price = $1800
Selling price = $1950
Return percentage = (($1950 - $1800) / $1800) * 100
= ($150 / $1800) * 100
= 0.0833 * 100
= 8.33%
Therefore, the asset's return is 8.33%.
2.
If the purchase price of the discount bond rises, the bond's return will rise.
When a bond is purchased at a discount, it means the purchase price is lower than the face value. The return on a bond is calculated as the difference between the face value and the purchase price, divided by the purchase price.
If the purchase price of the bond rises, it means the bond is being sold at a higher price than before. As a result, the difference between the face value and the purchase price increases, leading to a higher return percentage.
When the purchase price of a discount bond rises, the bond's return will also rise. This is because the bond is being sold at a higher price, resulting in a larger return when compared to the initial purchase price.
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Suppose there are two products: citrus and oil. Citrus is land-intensive and oil is resource-intensive. According to the Heckscher-Ohlin theory of trade, which country would export citrus? Which country would export oil? (6 points)
According to the Heckscher-Ohlin theory of trade, the country with abundant land resources would export citrus while the country with abundant resources would export oil.
Therefore, the country with abundant land resources would export citrus while the country with abundant resources would export oil. Heckscher-Ohlin theory of trade suggests that a country with an abundance of a certain factor, such as land, labor or capital, will export goods that use that factor intensively. Similarly, a country with a scarcity of a certain factor will import goods that use that factor intensively.
The Heckscher-Ohlin model is an economic theory that proposes that countries export what they can most efficiently and plentifully produce. Therefore, the country with abundant land resources would export citrus while the country with abundant resources would export oil.
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A company does not currently pay a dividend but is expected to begin to do so in five years (at t = 5). The first dividend is expected to be $4.00 and to be received five years from today. That dividend is expected to grow at 6 percent into perpetuity. The required return is 10 percent. What is the estimated current intrinsic value
The estimated current intrinsic value of the company is $40.00.
To calculate the estimated current intrinsic value of the company, we need to calculate the present value of future dividends using the dividend discount model (DDM).
Step 1: Calculate the present value of the perpetuity.
PV = Dividend / (Required return - Dividend growth rate)
PV = $4.00 / (0.10 - 0.06) = $4.00 / 0.04 = $100.00
Step 2: Calculate the present value of the first dividend.
PV = Dividend / (1 + Required return)^n
PV = $4.00 / (1 + 0.10)^5 = $4.00 / 1.61051 ≈ $2.48
Step 3: Calculate the estimated current intrinsic value.
Intrinsic value = Present value of perpetuity + Present value of first dividend
Intrinsic value = $100.00 + $2.48 ≈ $102.48
Therefore, the estimated current intrinsic value of the company is approximately $102.48.
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identify five (5)strategies that can be utilized to
counteract conflict in supply chain management. provide examples
based on the case study
Conflict in supply chain management is common and can negatively impact the effectiveness of the supply chain system. Companies must manage these conflicts to prevent disruption to their supply chain system. Here are five strategies that can be utilized to counteract conflict in supply chain management and examples based on the case study:
1. Collaboration:
Collaboration is an effective strategy in supply chain management, as it allows different parties to work together to achieve common goals. Collaborative relationships can reduce conflicts and build trust between different stakeholders in the supply chain system. In the case study, Coca Cola partnered with a local bottler, giving them an opportunity to distribute their products to local markets.
2. Communication:
Effective communication is essential in managing supply chain conflicts. Open communication channels provide a forum to discuss issues that may arise and seek resolutions. Companies must foster an open dialogue between stakeholders to prevent conflicts from escalating. For example, Coca-Cola collaborated with a bottler to discuss challenges and the bottler's supply chain operations.
3. Risk Management: Risk management is a proactive approach that allows companies to identify, assess, and mitigate risks in their supply chain system. The company should be aware of the risks associated with its supply chain system and develop a contingency plan to deal with any potential disruptions. For instance, Coca-Cola worked with local bottlers to address supply chain risks and ensure uninterrupted supply to the market.
4. Technology
The use of technology can improve the efficiency of the supply chain system, and it can also be used to manage conflicts. Companies can use technology to monitor the supply chain system and identify areas that need improvement. In the case study, Coca-Cola implemented a technology platform to manage the bottler's operations, which improved the efficiency of the supply chain system.
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Match the following definitions to the correct term and then select the corresponding multiple choice response: (1) Materiality (2) Reliability (3) Comparability (4) Conservatism (5) Relevance (6) Consistency The capacity of information to influence a decision The quality that allows a user to analyze two or more companies and look for similarities and differences. Using the least optimistic of two equally likely estimates of financial information. A. 5,3,4 B. 1,6,4 C. 2,3,5 D. 5,6,4 E. 1,2,5
The quality that allows a user to analyze two or more companies and look for similarities and differences is known as Comparability. The correct option is A. 5,3,4.
Comparability is one of the basic characteristics of financial statements that enables users to analyze the financial information of two or more entities and compare them. Comparability is important in the following ways:It helps users understand the similarities and differences in financial statements.
It helps users make comparisons and make financial decisions.It allows users to analyze trends over time and across different companies.Thus, the correct option is A. 5,3,4.
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A company currently pays a dividend of $3.4 per share (D0=$3.4). It is estimated that the company's dividend will grow at a rate of 17% per year for the next 2 years, and then at a constant rate of 7% thereafter. The company's stock has a beta of 1.7, the risk-free rate is 8.5%, and the market risk premium is 4.5%. What is your estimate of the stock's current price? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest cent. Woidtke Manufacturing's stock currently sells for $15 a share. The stock just paid a dividend of $1.00 a share (i.e., D0=$1.00 ), and the dividend is expected to grow forever at a constant rate of 6% a year. What stock price is expected 1 year from now? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest cent. $ What is the estimated required rate of return on Woidtke's stock? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round the answer to two decimal places. (Assume the market is in equilibrium with the required return equal to the expected return.)
The estimated required rate of return on Woidtke's stock is 16.15%, as calculated using the CAPM in the first scenario.
To calculate the current price of the stock in the first scenario, we can use the dividend discount model (DDM). The DDM formula is as follows:
P0 = D1 / (r - g)
Where:
P0 = Current price of the stock
D1 = Dividend expected to be received in the next period
r = Required rate of return
g = Growth rate of dividends
In this case, the dividend growth is expected to be 17% for the next two years and then 7% thereafter. So we have:
D0 = $3.4 (current dividend)
D1 = D0 * (1 + g) = $3.4 * (1 + 0.17) = $3.4 * 1.17 = $3.978
The required rate of return is calculated using the capital asset pricing model (CAPM):
r = Risk-free rate + Beta * Market risk premium
Given:
Beta = 1.7
Risk-free rate = 8.5%
Market risk premium = 4.5%
r = 8.5% + 1.7 * 4.5% = 8.5% + 7.65% = 16.15%
Now we can calculate the current price (P0):
P0 = $3.978 / (0.1615 - 0.07) ≈ $49.27
Therefore, the estimated current price of the stock is approximately $49.27.
For the second scenario, where the stock price is expected 1 year from now, we can use the DDM formula again, considering the expected dividend growth rate of 6%:
P1 = D2 / (r - g)
Since the dividend growth is expected to be constant, we have:
D2 = D1 * (1 + g) = $1.00 * (1 + 0.06) = $1.06
Plugging the values into the formula:
P1 = $1.06 / (0.1615 - 0.06) ≈ $9.57
Therefore, the expected stock price 1 year from now is approximately $9.57.
Finally, the estimated required rate of return on Woidtke's stock is 16.15%, as calculated using the CAPM in the first scenario.
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Storm Company
Subsequent to the financial year end, a severe tropical cyclone caused flooding to the region in which this company’s factory plant is located. The flooding caused a damage to the company’s production facilities which you considered to be a material amount out of the total assets. This loss would not be reimbursed by the company’s insurance policy as this event was the result of an act of God. The newspaper already described this event in details.
Required:
Suggest an appropriate audit opinion to be issued, explain your reasons.
An adverse opinion is justified due to the significant material damage caused by the cyclone and subsequent flooding, the absence of insurance coverage, and the potential impact on the company's financial position.
Based on the given scenario, an appropriate audit opinion to be issued would be an adverse opinion. An adverse opinion indicates that the financial statements of the company do not present fairly, in all material respects, its financial position, results of operations, and cash flows in accordance with the applicable financial reporting framework.
The adverse opinion is justified due to the material damage caused by the severe tropical cyclone and subsequent flooding of the company's production facilities. As the damage is significant and affects a substantial portion of the company's total assets, it is considered a material event that should be disclosed in the financial statements.
Furthermore, the fact that the damage will not be reimbursed by the insurance policy due to the event being categorized as an act of God is an important piece of information that should be disclosed. As this event was not foreseeable or controllable by the company, it represents a significant risk and potential liability for the business.
Given these circumstances, the adverse opinion reflects the auditor's assessment that the financial statements do not provide a fair representation of the company's financial position, considering the material impact of the flooding and the absence of insurance coverage for the loss.
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A company is currently selling 838 units per month at $32. Variable costs per unit are $4. Fixed expenses are $1173 per month. The marketing manager believes that an $287 increase in the monthly advertising budget would result in a 324 unit increase in monthly sales What should be the overall effect in dollars on the company's monthly net operating income of this change? Round ONLY your final answer to 2 decimal places. Do not round intermediate computations. State decreases as negative.
Calculation of the current net operating income:Sales[tex]= 838 × $32 = $26,816[/tex]Variable costs [tex]= 838 × $4 = $3,352[/tex]Fixed expenses[tex]= $1,173[/tex]Net operating income = Sales − Variable costs − Fixed expenses[tex]= $26,816 − $3,352 − $1,173 = $22,291[/tex]
Calculation of the new sales:[tex]838 + 324 = 1162[/tex]
The percentage increase in sales:[tex]324/838 × 100% = 38.66%[/tex]
Calculation of the new selling price:[tex]$32 × (1+ 38.66%) = $44.38[/tex]Calculation of the new total revenue:[tex]1162 × $44.38 = $51,464.56[/tex]
Calculation of the new variable costs:[tex]1162 × $4 = $4,648[/tex]Calculation of the new net operating income:New net operating income = New total revenue − New variable costs − Fixed expenses[tex]= $51,464.56 − $4,648 − $1,173 = $45,643.56[/tex]
Calculation of the effect on the net operating income:Effect on the net operating income = New net operating income − Current net operating income= [tex]$45,643.56 − $22,291 = $23,352.56[/tex]Therefore, the overall effect on the company's monthly net operating income would be [tex]$23,352.56.[/tex]
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Answer All Questions Below:
.
6. Name and describe each of the three macro processes within a supply chain.
7. State the activities involved in each specific supply chain macro process.
8. List six metrics that could be used to measure supplier performance.
9. Name the economic utilities provided by logistics.
10. Explain outsourcing.
11. State separately, all advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing you know.
The three macro processes within a supply chain are procurement, operations, and distribution. Each process involves specific activities to ensure the smooth flow of materials, the transformation of inputs, and the delivery of finished goods or services.
The three macro processes within a supply chain are:
a) Procurement: This process involves acquiring the necessary materials, goods, or services from external suppliers to support the production or operation of a business.
b) Operations: This process encompasses the transformation of inputs into finished goods or services.
Activities involved in each specific supply chain macro process:
a) Procurement: Supplier selection, request for proposal (RFP) or quotation (RFQ), contract negotiation, purchase order creation, supplier relationship management, and supplier performance evaluation.
b) Operations: Demand forecasting, production planning, material sourcing, manufacturing or service delivery, quality control, inventory management, production scheduling, capacity planning, product design, and engineering.
c) Distribution: Warehousing, inventory management, order processing, order picking and packing, transportation management, shipping, delivery, reverse logistics, and customer service.
Six metrics that could be used to measure supplier performance:
a) On-time delivery performance: Measures the percentage of orders delivered by the supplier within the agreed-upon delivery timeframe.
b) Quality performance: Measures the level of conformance to specifications, defect rates, and customer satisfaction with the supplier's products or services.
c) Cost performance: Measures the total cost of ownership associated with the supplier, including the purchase price, transportation costs, and any additional costs incurred.
d) Responsiveness: Measures the supplier's ability to respond quickly to changes in demand, supply disruptions, or other unforeseen circumstances.
The economic utilities provided by logistics are:
a) Time utility: Logistics ensures that products are available at the right place and time, reducing delays and improving customer satisfaction.
b) Place utility: Logistics facilitates the movement of goods from production facilities to distribution centers or retail locations, making products available in the desired locations for customers.
c) Possession utility: Logistics enables the transfer of ownership of goods from sellers to buyers, allowing customers to possess and use the products they desire.
d) Form utility: Logistics supports activities such as packaging, labeling, and assembly, transforming raw materials or components into finished products that meet customer needs.
Advantages of outsourcing:
a) Cost savings: Outsourcing can often lead to lower operational costs due to lower labor costs, economies of scale, and access to specialized expertise.
b) Focus on core competencies: Outsourcing non-core activities allows companies to focus their resources and energy on their core competencies and strategic initiatives.
c) Increased efficiency and productivity: Outsourcing certain tasks to specialized service providers can improve efficiency and productivity, as these providers often have the expertise, experience, and technology to perform the tasks more effectively.
Disadvantages of outsourcing:
a) Loss of control: Outsourcing involves relying on external parties, which can result in reduced control over the outsourced processes, quality, and timelines.
b) Communication and coordination challenges: Managing an outsourced relationship requires effective communication and coordination, which can be challenging, especially when dealing with external organizations located in different time zones or cultures.
c) Risk of dependency: Outsourcing key functions may create a dependency on the service provider, making it difficult to bring the activities back in-house or switch to another provider if needed.
d) Potential quality and security issues: Outsourcing introduces the risk of quality control issues and potential security breaches, particularly when sensitive data or intellectual property is involved.
e) Negative impact on internal morale: Outsourcing decisions can sometimes lead to employee morale issues and job insecurity within the organization, especially if there are job losses or significant changes in the workforce.
f) Lack of alignment with company values: Outsourcing to offshore locations may raise ethical concerns related to labor conditions, environmental practices, or compliance with regulations that differ from those in the home country.
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Cotoumer greferences are characterized axiomatically. These axioms of consumer choice pive lormal mathemabical expression to fundamental aspects of consumer behavior and iftides towarts the objects of choice. Evilals the wicms of convurver cholce and present them in terms of binary relations.
Consumer preferences are characterized axiomatically, meaning that they are based on a set of fundamental principles. These axioms of consumer choice provide a mathematical framework for understanding consumer behavior and attitudes toward the objects they choose.
The axioms of consumer choice can be presented in terms of binary relations, which are simply relationships between two elements. In this context, the binary relations represent the consumer's preference between different objects of choice. The axioms can be summarized as follows:
1. Completeness:
This axiom states that for any two objects A and B, the consumer can always compare and rank them. In terms of binary relations, this means that there is a binary relation (denoted as ">") that allows the consumer to say whether they prefer A to B, B to A, or if they are indifferent between the two.
2. Transitivity:
This axiom states that if the consumer prefers A to B, and B to C, then they also prefer A to C. In terms of binary relations, this means that if A > B and B > C, then A > C.
3. Reflexivity:
This axiom states that the consumer always prefers an object to itself. In terms of binary relations, this means that for any object A, A > A.
4. Non-Satiation:
This axiom states that more of a good is always preferred to less. In terms of binary relations, this means that if A is preferred to B, then any bundle of goods containing more of A and the same amount of B is also preferred.
These axioms of consumer choice help us understand how consumers make decisions and rank their preferences among different options. By using binary relations, we can mathematically express these axioms and analyze consumer behavior more rigorously.
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You may need to use the appropriate technology to answer this question. A production process produces 3.5% defective parts. A sample of six parts from the production process is selected. What is the probability that the sample contains exactly two defective parts? 0.0000
0.0159
0.0276
0.0350
In order to find the probability of a sample containing exactly two defective parts from a production process that produces 3.5% defective parts and a sample size of six, we need to use the binomial probability formula.
The binomial probability formula is given by:
P(X = k) = (n C k) * p^k * (1-p)^(n-k)where P(X = k)
is the probability of getting exactly k successes in n trials, p
is the probability of success in a single trial, (1-p)
is the probability of failure in a single trial, (n C k) is the number of ways to choose k successes in n trials, n
is the total number of trials and k is the number of successes we want to find.
Let X be the number of defective parts in the sample of size 6.
Then,
X follows a binomial distribution with parameters n = 6 and p = 0.035. We want to find the probability that X = 2.P(X = 2) = (6 C 2) * 0.035^2 * (1-0.035)^(6-2)= 15 * 0.035^2 * 0.965^4= 0.0276
Therefore, the probability that the sample contains exactly two defective parts is 0.0276.
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Based in the Midlands, Lusaka, Angel Safe plc designs, manufactures, sources and distributes an extensive range of home safety products. The subsidiary company, Fire Angel Ltd., which employs 15 people and makes a range of household fire alarms, has established a strong Zambian retail presence. Annual sales are ZMW 55 million, but the company has recently experienced a dip in volumes as a result of retailers reducing inventories from six to eight weeks’ worth of stock to one or two weeks. According to Managing Director, Kabeshi Mumba, "Clearly we are not immune to the current economic climate; however, in less certain times people want to protect what they have a little more. We are not the biggest supplier in the industry, but we are finding that retail sales of our products are holding up reasonably well as homeowners look to protect their properties and social landlords comply with fire safety regulations." Fire Angel Ltd. continues to develop innovative solutions and is planning to launch a brand new WiAngel alarm system which combines a flashing strobe and vibrating pillow pad alarm system. The system aims to provide a complete and cost-effective (prices start at under ZMW 500) solution to the hearing impaired. Presently over 9 million people in the Zambia exhibit some degree of hearing loss. In the Zambia, sales of household smoke alarms have until recently enjoyed strong growth because of high levels of media attention. Volumes are expected to stabilize over the next few years.
Discuss how you can measure effectiveness of a market segment that angels would wish to target?
Market segmentation refers to a strategy in which a market is split into distinct subsets of consumers based on common needs, preferences, or priorities.
Market segmentation is advantageous since it enables businesses to tailor their marketing activities and product development to specific groups of customers who have the greatest potential to benefit from them. To determine the effectiveness of a market segment that Angel Safe plc would like to target, the following ways can be used:
1. Identifying the target market: Angel Safe plc must first determine the market's unique needs, desires, and demands. This includes developing customer personas, analyzing customer behaviour, and identifying purchasing patterns to determine whether there is a market for their products.
2. Customer feedback: Customer feedback is essential in evaluating whether or not a company's marketing activities and products meet their clients' requirements. Feedback from customers may be obtained via surveys, questionnaires, and social media.
3. Sales metrics: Angel Safe plc should evaluate their sales metrics to determine whether they are meeting their objectives. Sales data may be analyzed to determine whether the company's sales strategy is effective and whether it is meeting its revenue objectives.
4. Competitive analysis: Angel Safe plc can use competitive analysis to determine how their products compare to those of their rivals. Competitor research will also provide information on new product trends and market shifts, as well as a better understanding of customers' expectations.
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A couple is planning to get married two years from now. They wish to accumulate ⊕500,000 by making 24 equal end of month payments starting a month from now, on an interest earning account providing 12% annually compounded every 4 months?
Given the following information: A couple is planning to get married two years from now. They wish to accumulate ⊕500,000 by making 24 equal end of month payments starting a month from now, on an interest-earning account providing 12% annually compounded every 4 months.
To determine the amount of equal end-of-month payments that the couple needs to make starting from a month from now in order to accumulate ⊕500,000, the future value of an annuity should be calculated. This can be done using the formula below: Where, A = periodic paymen ti = interest rate n = number of period sr = interest rate per period FV = future value Using the given information in the question, the periodic payment can be calculated as follows:r = 12/4 = 3n = 24i = 12% / 12 = 1%A = FV * (i / ((1 + r)^n - 1))A = 500,000 * (1% / ((1 + 3%)^(24) - 1))A = 14,719.76Therefore, the couple needs to make end-of-month payments of ⊕14,719.76 for 24 months in order to accumulate ⊕500,000 on an interest-earning account providing 12% annually compounded every 4 months.
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adsen Motorn's bonds hove 6 years remaining to maturity, interest is paid annually, they have a $1,000 par value, the coupon interest rate is 6%, and e yield to muturity is 8\%. What is the bond's current market price? Round your answer to the nearest cent. bond't price to the nespest cent and for YTh to two decimal pisces. Borids price: s
The Motorn's bond's current market price is $887.57, rounded to the nearest cent, and for YTM to two decimal places, 8.99%.
The formula used for calculating the current market price of a bond is: P = (C / (1 + r)¹) + (C / (1 + r)²) + ... + (C + F / (1 + r)ⁿ)Where, P = Current market price of bond C = Coupon paymentr = Yield to maturity (YTM)F = Par value of the bond n = Number of years remaining to maturity According to the information provided in the question :Par value of bond = $1,000Coupon rate = 6%Yield to maturity (YTM) = 8%Number of years remaining to maturity = 6 years .
Now, let's plug these values into the formula: P = (60 / (1 + 0.08)¹) + (60 / (1 + 0.08)²) + (60 / (1 + 0.08)³) + (60 / (1 + 0.08)⁴) + (60 / (1 + 0.08)⁵) + (1,060 / (1 + 0.08)⁶)P = 887.568Thus, the Motorn's bond's current market price is $887.57, rounded to the nearest cent, and for YTM to two decimal places, 8.99%.
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Compute Consumer Price Index (CPI), Inflation Rate, and use Year 2 as the base year from these following. Show your work step by step and do not forget to explain the results. Year Nominal Price Consumer Price Index (CPI) Inflation Rate Explanation 14416 2$493 3$514 4$520 5$536
To compute the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and the inflation rate, we will use the formula and steps outlined below:
Step 1: Calculate the CPI for each year using the formula:
CPI = (Price of the item in the given year / Price of the item in the base year) * 100
Step 2: Calculate the inflation rate using the formula:
Inflation Rate = ((CPI in the current year - CPI in the previous year) / CPI in the previous year) * 100
Given the following data:
Year | Nominal Price
1 | $493
2 | $514
3 | $520
4 | $536
Using Year 2 as the base year, let's calculate the CPI and inflation rate for each year:
Step 1:
CPI for Year 1 = ($493 / $514) * 100 = 95.91
CPI for Year 2 (Base Year) = ($514 / $514) * 100 = 100
CPI for Year 3 = ($520 / $514) * 100 = 101.17
CPI for Year 4 = ($536 / $514) * 100 = 104.28
Step 2:
Inflation Rate for Year 1 = ((95.91 - 100) / 100) * 100 = -4.09%
Inflation Rate for Year 2 (Base Year) = 0% (as it is the base year)
Inflation Rate for Year 3 = ((101.17 - 100) / 100) * 100 = 1.17%
Inflation Rate for Year 4 = ((104.28 - 101.17) / 101.17) * 100 = 3.07%
The CPI measures the average price changes of a basket of goods and services over time relative to a base year. In this case, Year 2 is used as the base year, so its CPI is set to 100.
The CPI for each subsequent year is calculated by dividing the price of the item in that year by the price in the base year and multiplying by 100. This provides a relative comparison of price levels.
The inflation rate measures the percentage change in the CPI between two consecutive years. A positive inflation rate indicates an increase in the average price level, while a negative inflation rate indicates a decrease.
Note: The data for Year 5 is not provided, so we cannot calculate the CPI and inflation rate for that year.
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On 31 January 2017, you bought 200 shares of a company for $325.35 a share and on 31 January 2021 you sold them for $719.64 a share. In January 2021, you also received a cash dividend of $33.11 per share. Calculate the danual holding period yield (in percentage) on your investment.
Holding period yield (HPY) is the percentage rate of return on an investment over a certain time period. In this case, the holding period is 4 years. It is calculated as follows:HPY = (P1 - P0 + D) / P0
Where:P0 is the initial price of the investmentP1 is the final price of the investment D is the cash dividend receivedThe initial price is $325.35 per share, and 200 shares were purchased, so the initial investment was $65,070 ($325.35 × 200).The final price is $719.64 per share, and 200 shares were sold, so the final sale price was $143,928 ($719.64 × 200).
The cash dividend was $33.11 per share, and 200 shares were owned, so the total dividend received was $6,622 ($33.11 × 200). Therefore: HPY = ($143,928 - $65,070 + $6,622) / $65,070. HPY = $85,480 / $65,070. HPY = 1.314 or 131.4%.
The annual Holding period yield (HPY) is found by dividing the HPY by the number of years: Annual HPY = HPY / number of years. Annual HPY = 1.314 / 4. Annual HPY = 0.3285 or 32.85%.
Therefore, the annual holding period yield on the investment is 32.85%.
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Listening 3.4 - Qongqothwane
After listening to Listening 3.4, respond to the following questions:
1. What is your reaction to the click sounds in this song?
2. Are you able to differentiate the pitch changes? How does this aide the overall musical arc of the song?
3. How the form of the song compare to other musical examples in this course so far?
The click sounds in "Listening 3.4 - Qongqothwane" add a fascinating and distinctive character. The pitch changes contribute to the song's musical arc, creating tension and release. Its unique form showcases a call-and-response structure with a clear verse and chorus.
1. The click sounds in the song Listening 3.4 - Qongqothwane is unique and fascinating. They add a unique character to the music that sets it apart from other songs.
2. Yes, it is possible to differentiate the pitch changes in the song. The pitch changes are essential to the overall musical arc of the song because they help to create a sense of tension and release. This adds depth and meaning to the music.
3. The form of the song Listening 3.4 - Qongqothwane is unique and different from other musical examples in this course. It features a call-and-response structure, with one person or group singing and another responding. The song also has a clear structure, with a distinct beginning, middle, and end. It features a verse and a chorus, which are repeated throughout the song.
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The city of Belle collects property taxes for other local governments-Beau County and the Landis Independent School District (LISD). The city uses a Property Tax Collection Custodial Fund to account for its collection of property taxes for itself, Beau County, and LISD. The following transactions and events occurred for Belle's Custodial Fund. 1. Property taxes were levied for Belle ($2,400,000), Beau County ($1,200,000) and LISD ($3,600,000). Assume taxes collected by the Custodial Fund will be paid to Belle's General Fund. 2. Property taxes in the amount of $5,400,000 are collected. The percentage collected for each entity is in the same proportion as the original levy. 3. The amounts owed to Beau County and LISD are recognized. 4. The Custodial Fund distributes the amounts owed to the three governments
The Custodial Fund collected property taxes totaling $5,400,000 and distributed the amounts owed to Belle, Beau County, and LISD. Belle's General Fund received $1,800,000, Beau County received $900,000, and LISD received $2,700,000.
The transactions and events for Belle's Custodial Fund can be summarized as follows:
Property taxes were levied: Belle levied property taxes amounting to $2,400,000, Beau County levied $1,200,000, and LISD levied $3,600,000. These levies represent the total amount of property taxes to be collected for each entity.
Property taxes collected: The Custodial Fund collected a total of $5,400,000 in property taxes. The collected amount is allocated to each entity in the same proportion as the original levy.
Based on this, Belle collected ($2,400,000 / $7,200,000) * $5,400,000 = $1,800,000, Beau County collected ($1,200,000 / $7,200,000) * $5,400,000 = $900,000, and LISD collected ($3,600,000 / $7,200,000) * $5,400,000 = $2,700,000.
Amounts owed to Beau County and LISD: The Custodial Fund recognizes the amounts owed to Beau County and LISD. Based on the collected amounts, Belle owes Beau County $900,000 and owes LISD $2,700,000.
Distribution of amounts owed: The Custodial Fund distributes the amounts owed to the three governments. Belle's General Fund receives the $1,800,000 owed to Belle, Beau County receives the $900,000 owed to them, and LISD receives the $2,700,000 owed to them.
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BioTron Medical Inc. Brent Bush, CFO of a medical device distributor. B oTron Medical Inc., was approached by a Japanese customer, Numata, with a proposal to pay cash were given a 4.3% discount. Numata's current er s are 30 days with no discounts. Using the quotes and estimated cost o capital or BioTron Medical in the popup window. forward contracts. Should Brent Bush accept Numata's proposal? Assume a 360-day financial year. How much in U.S. dollars will BioTron Medical recaive with the discount? in yen for ts typical orders o ¥11,700,000 every other month if it Bush wil compare the proposal with covering yen payments with (Round to the nearest cent.) How much in U.S. dollars will Bio Tron Medical receive with no discount but fully covered with a forward contract? (Round to the nearest cent.) Should Brent Bush accept Numata's proposal?(Select from the drop-down menu.) Data Table No. Yes Spot rate: 30-day forward rate 90-day forward rate 180-day forward rate Numata's WACC BioTron's WACC Cuck an the icon located on the top-right corner or the dats table in ovder to copy ins contents imto a spreadsheet 111.74/S 111.34/S 109.94/S 109.34/S 8.77% 9.25% PrintDone Enter your answer in each of the answer boxes.
1. BioTron Medical will receive approximately $99,974.67 with the discount. 2. BioTron Medical will receive approximately $106,434.40 without the discount but fully covered with a forward contract.
1. To calculate the amounts in U.S. dollars that BioTron Medical will receive with the discount and without the discount but fully covered with a forward contract, we need to use the given exchange rates.
Given information:
Typical order amount: ¥11,700,000
Spot rate: ¥111.74/$
Discount: 4.3%
First, let's calculate the amount in U.S. dollars that BioTron Medical will receive with the discount:
Amount with discount = Typical order amount * (1 - Discount)
= ¥11,700,000 * (1 - 0.043)
= ¥11,700,000 * 0.957
= ¥11,191,900
To convert this amount to U.S. dollars, we divide by the spot rate:
Amount in U.S. dollars with discount = Amount with discount / Spot rate
= ¥11,191,900 / ¥111.74/$
≈ $99,974.67
Therefore, BioTron Medical will receive approximately $99,974.67 with the discount.
2. Next, let's calculate the amount in U.S. dollars that BioTron Medical will receive without the discount but fully covered with a forward contract.
Given information:
Forward rates:
30-day forward rate: ¥111.34/$
90-day forward rate: ¥109.94/$
180-day forward rate: ¥109.34/$
We'll consider the 90-day forward rate for our calculation:
Amount in U.S. dollars without discount = Typical order amount / 90-day forward rate
= ¥11,700,000 / ¥109.94/$
≈ $106,434.40
Therefore, BioTron Medical will receive approximately $106,434.40 without the discount but fully covered with a forward contract.
The complete question is:
BioTron Medical, Inc. Brent Bush, CFO of a medical device distributor, Bio Tron Medical, Inc., was approached by a Japanese customer, Numata, with a proposal to pay cash (in yen) for its typical orders of ¥11,700,000 every other month if it were given a 4.3% discount. Numata's current terms are 30 days with no discounts. Using the quotes and estimated cost of capital for BioTron Medical in the popup window, Bush will compare the proposal with covering yen payments with forward contracts. Should Brent Bush accept Numata's proposal? Assume a 360-day financial year.
1. How much in U.S. dollars will Bio Tron Medical receive with the discount?
2. How much in U.S. dollars will BioTron Medical receive with no discount but fully covered with a forward contract?
Spot rate ¥111,74/S
30-day forward rate ¥111.34/S
90-day forward rate ¥109.94/S
180-day forward rate ¥109.34/S
Numata's WACC 8.77%
BioTron's WACC 9.25%
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While a vision describes what an organization desires to become in the future, an organization's __________ is grounded in the past and present.
QUESTION 5
The most effective goals are specific, measurable, attainable, ________, and time-bound.
QUESTION 6
The vision of a company is
Created in collaboration with other stakeholder and leadership
What the organization aspires to be, the big goal it wants to accomplish.
Developed within the organization's mission: its purpose for being.
All the above
QUESTION 7
While missions and visions provide an overall sense of the organization's direction, __________ are narrower aims that should provide clear and tangible guidance to employees.
Goals
Breaks
SBU
Meetings
While a vision describes what an organization desires to become in the future, an organization's "mission" is grounded in the past and present.
QUESTION 5:
The most effective goals are specific, measurable, attainable, "relevant", and time-bound.
QUESTION 6:
The vision of a company is "all the above":
- Created in collaboration with other stakeholders and leadership
- What the organization aspires to be, the big goal it wants to accomplish
- Developed within the organization's mission: its purpose for being
QUESTION 7:
While missions and visions provide an overall sense of the organization's direction, "goals" are narrower aims that should provide clear and tangible guidance to employees.
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Lead! Inc. offers executive coaching services to small business owners. Leadl's operating profits average 18 percent of revenues and its marketing and administrative costs average 25 percent of the cost of services sold. Required: Lead! Inc. expects revenues to be $195,000 for April. Prepare an income statement for April for Lead! Inc. assuming its expectations are met. The following data refer to one year for Monroe Fabricators. Fill in the blanks.
The given problem is based on the concept of income statement. An income statement is also known as a profit and loss statement or statement of revenue and expenses. It is a financial statement that shows a company's revenues and expenses over a specific period.
Calculation of Gross profit:Gross Profit = Revenues - Cost of Services Sold (COGS)Given that the operating profit of Lead! Inc. averages 18% of revenues and its marketing and administrative costs average 25% of the cost of services sold. We can calculate the cost of services sold as follows:
Operating profit = 18% of revenueSales Revenue = $195,000Let Cost of Services Sold = x0.18 × 195,000 = Gross Profit - Marketing and Administrative Costs0.18 × 195,000 = (Revenue - x) - 0.25x0.18 × 195,000 = Revenue - x - 0.25x35,100 = 0.75xX = $46,800
Now, we can calculate Gross Profit as:
Gross Profit = Revenue - Cost of Services SoldGross Profit = $195,000 - $46,800 = $148,200
Let's prepare an income statement for April 2022 for Lead! Inc: Lead! Inc. Income Statement for the month of April 2022
Particulars Amount ($)Revenue195,000Cost of Services Sold46,800
Gross Profit148,200
Operating ExpensesMarketing and Administrative Costs (25% of Cost of Services Sold)11,700Operating Profit136,500
Therefore, the income statement for April 2022 for Lead! Inc. will be as follows:
Particulars Amount ($)Revenue195,000Cost of Services Sold46,800Gross Profit148,200
Operating
Expenses Marketing and Administrative Costs (25% of Cost of Services Sold)11,700Operating Profit136,500
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On 8/1/2023 We issue 60 million of 8%20 years bonds for 90 give first 5 Journal entries
Journal Entry 1:
Date: 8/1/2023
Account Debit: Cash (60,000,000)
Account Credit: Bonds Payable (60,000,000)
Description: Issued 60 million of 8% 20-year bonds at a face value of 90.
Journal Entry 2:
Date: 8/1/2023
Account Debit: Bonds Payable (12,000,000)
Account Credit: Discount on Bonds Payable (12,000,000)
Description: Recorded the discount on the issuance of bonds.
Journal Entry 3:
Date: 8/1/2023
Account Debit: Cash (108,000,000)
Account Credit: Premium on Bonds Payable (108,000,000)
Description: Recorded the premium on the issuance of bonds.
Journal Entry 4:
Date: 8/1/2023
Account Debit: Bonds Payable (3,600,000)
Account Credit: Discount on Bonds Payable (3,600,000)
Description: Amortized a portion of the bond discount.
Journal Entry 5:
Date: 8/1/2023
Account Debit: Interest Expense (4,500,000)
Account Credit: Discount on Bonds Payable (4,500,000)
Account Credit: Cash (4,500,000)
Description: Recorded semi-annual interest payment on the bonds and the amortization of the bond discount.
In the first journal entry, we debit the Cash account for the amount received from the issuance of bonds, which is $60 million, and credit the Bonds Payable account for the same amount.
In the second journal entry, we debit the Bonds Payable account for the discount on bonds payable, which is calculated by subtracting the face value of the bonds ($90) from the cash received ($60 million). The credit is made to the Discount on Bonds Payable account.
In the third journal entry, we debit the Cash account for the premium on bonds payable, which is calculated by subtracting the face value of the bonds ($90) from the cash received ($108 million). The credit is made to the Premium on Bonds Payable account.
In the fourth journal entry, we debit the Bonds Payable account for the amortization of a portion of the bond discount. The credit is made to the Discount on Bonds Payable account. This entry is made periodically to gradually reduce the bond discount over the bond's term.
In the fifth journal entry, we debit the Interest Expense account for the semi-annual interest payment, which is calculated by multiplying the face value of the bonds ($90) by the bond's interest rate (8%) and dividing by 2 (since it's a semi-annual payment). The credit is split between the Discount on Bonds Payable account and the Cash account. The credit to Discount on Bonds Payable represents the amortization of the bond discount, while the credit to Cash accounts for the actual interest payment.
These journal entries capture the issuance of $60 million worth of 8% 20-year bonds at a face value of $90. The first entry records the initial issuance, while the second and third entries account for any discount or premium on the bonds. The fourth entry represents the periodic amortization of the bond discount. Finally, the fifth entry records the semi-annual interest payment on the bonds, including the amortization of the bond discount. These entries ensure the appropriate recognition of the bonds' issuance, associated costs, and interest expenses over time, in accordance with accounting principles.
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Please answer this question step by step so I can
understand it and cite the source! Thanks!
Cybercrime is on the rise in the modern digital world, and so is
the frequency with which companies and ind
The frequency of cybercrime has increased over time in the modern digital world. This has also led to an increase in the number of companies and individuals who are falling victim to cybercrime.
It is, therefore, essential that individuals and organizations take measures to prevent themselves from falling victim to cybercrime.What is cybercrime?According to Norton, cybercrime is any criminal activity that involves the use of a computer or network. Cybercrime can range from stealing an individual's identity to launching a coordinated cyberattack on a company's database.
It is important not to share personal information such as your Social Security number or credit card information unless you trust the recipient.6. Backing up your data. It is essential to regularly back up your data to ensure that you do not lose important information in case of a cyberattack.Cybercrime can cause significant damage to individuals and companies. However, by taking appropriate measures, you can reduce the risk of falling victim to cybercrime. Sources:https://www.nortonlifelock.com/cybercrime-definition#:~:text=Cybercrime%20is%20any%20criminal%20activity,or%20the%20internet%20itself%20(sometimes,https://www.fcc.gov/general/cybersecurity-tips
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Discussion: Demographics Assume you are the vice president of Marketing for one of the following firms. What is the demographic profile of your largest target market? • Paramount+ • Chick Fil-A Royal Farms . Cleveland Browns • Whirlpool • Mezeh • Grey Goose • Acme
As the Vice President of Marketing for different firms such as Paramount+, Chick Fil-A, Royal Farms, Cleveland Browns, Whirlpool, Mezeh, Grey Goose, and Acme, it's essential to understand the demographic profiles of each target market.
Demographics is a study of a particular population group that includes age, gender, income level, education, and other factors. Understanding the demographics of a target market is crucial in designing a marketing campaign that targets the specific audience with precision.
Paramount+:
Paramount+ targets the demographic of all ages but mainly focuses on millennials and Gen Xers. This target market is tech-savvy and spends most of their time streaming movies, shows, and sports events online. This market segment is highly educated and has an average income of $75,000 and above.
Chick Fil-A:
The largest target market for Chick Fil-A includes people between the ages of 18-35. The majority of the target market are women and young adults that belong to the middle-income group. These people are health-conscious and prefer fast food that is less oily and has fewer calories.
Royal Farms:
The primary target market of Royal Farms is adults between the ages of 18-35, who are working-class and have an income level of $50,000 and above. This market segment prefers fresh and organic foods and is keen on knowing the nutritional values of the food they consume.
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There are two types of firms, type A and type B, which make vape pens/e-cigs. There are 8 type A firms each with a cost function CA(y) = y +2y², and there are 20 type B firms each with a cost function CB (y) = y². The market demand for vape pens is given by D(p) = 37-p.
9. What is the long-run equilibrium price and quantity?
10. How much would an individual firm of each type produce in the long-run equilibrium?
11. How many firms of each type do you expect to operate in the long-run?
9. In long-run equilibrium, no firms produce vape pens, resulting in zero price and quantity.
10. An individual firm of each type does not produce any vape pens in the long-run equilibrium.
11. No firms of each type are expected to operate in the long-run.
9. To find the long-run equilibrium price and quantity, we need to determine the market equilibrium by setting the market demand equal to the market supply.
The market demand function is given as D(p) = 37 - p, where p is the price of vape pens.
The market supply is the sum of the quantities supplied by all firms. For type A firms, the cost function is CA(y) = y + 2y², and for type B firms, the cost function is CB(y) = y².
To find the total quantity supplied by type A firms, we need to find the level of output yA that minimizes the cost function CA(yA) = yA + 2yA² for each of the 8 type A firms. This can be done by taking the derivative of the cost function with respect to yA and setting it equal to zero:
dCA(yA)/dyA = 1 + 4yA = 0
Solving for yA, we get yA = -1/4. However, since we cannot have negative output, we discard this solution. Therefore, there is no output level that minimizes the cost function for type A firms, and they do not produce any vape pens in the long-run equilibrium.
For type B firms, we need to find the level of output yB that minimizes the cost function CB(yB) = yB² for each of the 20 type B firms. This can be done by taking the derivative of the cost function with respect to yB and setting it equal to zero:
dCB(yB)/dyB = 2yB = 0
Solving for yB, we get yB = 0. Therefore, type B firms also do not produce any vape pens in the long-run equilibrium.
Since no firms produce any vape pens in the long-run equilibrium, the long-run equilibrium price and quantity are both zero.
10. An individual firm of each type does not produce any vape pens in the long-run equilibrium.
11. No firms of each type are expected to operate in the long-run.
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Assume that you are a financial executive of a reputed manufacturing company; you are asked to prepare a Statement of Cash Flows relating to operating, investing and financing activities. You can prepare Statement of Cash flows with imaginary amounts in Omani Rials by creating a company or download from any company website. a. Draw Statement of Cash Flows as per IAS 7. b. Write down minimum of $ or maximum any number of Notes relating to each activity of cash inflow or outflow and quote the sub-classification of IAS 7.
The statement of cash flows provides the users with information regarding cash inflows and outflows during a specific period, and helps the users in understanding the company's ability to generate cash. which begins with the net income and then makes adjustments for non-cash transactions.
Statement of Cash Flows:
Particulars | Amount in Omani Rials (OR) | Amount in Omani Rials (OR)
--- | --- | ---
Operating Activities | |
Net income | 1,50,000 |
Adjustments for: | |
Depreciation | 15,000 |
Loss on sale of Asset | 2,000 |
Dividends paid | (10,000) |
Cash flow from financing activities | 75,000 |
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | 21,000 |
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year | 10,000 |
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year | 31,000 |
The proceeds from long-term loan represent funds raised from external sources. The repayment of Long-term loan represents the amount repaid to the lender during the year. Dividends paid represent the amount paid to the shareholders during the year.
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Thirty-year B-rated bonds of Parker Optical Company were initially issued at a 16 percent yield. After 5 years the bonds have been upgraded to Aa2. Such bonds are currently yielding 14 percent to maturity. Use Table 16-2. Determine the price of the bonds with 25 years remaining to maturity.
The price of the bonds with 25 years remaining to maturity is $54,703.35.
For conversion factor between annual and semiannual discounting, 20-year maturity. 25 years maturity = 18.63 Semiannual discounting = 0.5 n=50
First of all, we need to compute the current market value of the bond, which can be calculated using the current yield to maturity:
Current market value = Interest payment * [1 – 1 / (1 + r)n ] / r + Par value / (1 + r)n
Where, Interest payment = 16% * $1,000 par value = $160 per yearr = Current yield to maturity = 14% (given)
n = 25 (as given in the question)Par value = $1,000
So, substituting these values in the above formula, we get:
Current market value = $160 * [1 – 1 / (1 + 0.14)25 ] / 0.14 + $1,000 / (1 + 0.14)25= $2,939.56
Now, we need to compute the conversion factor using
Table 16-2: Conversion factor = 18.63 for 25 years maturity and semiannual discounting = 0.5
Now, we can use the following formula to compute the price of the bonds:
Price of bond = Current market value * Conversion factor= $2,939.56 * 18.63= $54,703.35
Hence, the price of the bonds with 25 years remaining to maturity is $54,703.35.
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