Efficiency and safety are important criteria for the design of ammonia production processes, as they consume less energy and reliably produce large amounts of ammonia with minimal risk of accidents.
What are Design Criteria?Design criteria are specific characteristics or requirements that a design must meet in order to be successful. They provide clear and measurable criteria for evaluating designs, ensuring that the final product meets the needs and expectations of customers or users. Design criteria include not only technical specifications such as size, weight and materials, but also performance requirements such as safety, efficiency and durability. It can also include cost-related criteria such as manufacturing cost, ease of maintenance, and environmental aspects. The process of identifying and defining design criteria is an important step in the design process as it helps ensure that the final product meets user needs and is fit for purpose. This is important because as much of the reactants (nitrogen and hydrogen) as possible are converted to ammonia, thereby maximizing the yield of the process. This is important to make the process economical and produce large amounts of ammonia.
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Ethylene burns in oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water vapor:
C2H4(g) + 3 02(g) --> 2 CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g)
How many liters of water can be formed if 1. 25 liters of ethylene at 1. 00 atm and 298K are
consumed in this reaction?
67.0L of H₂O can be formed if 1. 25 liters of ethylene at 1. 00 atm and 298K are consumed in this reaction.
What do you mean by mole?A mole is know to be the unit used in chemistry to measure the amount of a substance. It is defined as the amount of matter that contains as many atoms, molecules, or other particles as there are in 12 grams of carbon-12. Moles are a convenient way to measure large numbers of very small particles such as atoms, molecules, ions and electrons.
The molar volume of gas at 1.00 atm and 298 K is 22.41 L/mol.
Given that
2 moles of water are produced from 1 mole of ethylene,
The number of liters of water produced can be calculated with the following formula:
1.25 L C₂H₄ x (2 mol H₂O / 1 mol C₂H₄) x (22.41 L H₂O / 1 mol H₂O)
= 67.0 l H₂O
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Enrichment Activity 2.
Next up, let us compare the frequencies of different EM waves. Copy and answrr the table on page 16, refer to figure 2, then answer the question that follows.
PA HELP POOOOO
EM rays, or electromagnetic radiation, is a form of energy that is emitted and absorbed by charged particles.
What are Gamma rays?
Gamma rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation, similar to visible light and x-rays, but with much higher energy. They are produced by the hottest and most energetic objects in the universe, such as neutron stars, pulsars, and black holes. Gamma rays can also be produced artificially, in particle accelerators or nuclear reactions. Gamma rays have the shortest wavelength and highest energy of any type of electromagnetic radiation.
| Wave | Frequency (Hz) |
| Radio Waves | < 3 x 10^9 |
| Microwaves | 3 x 10^9 |
| Infrared Radiation | 3 x 10^12 |
| Visible Light | 4 x 10^14 |
| Ultraviolet | 7.5 x 10^14|
| X-Rays | 3 x 10^16 |
| Gamma Rays | 3 x 10^19 |
Which type of EM wave has the highest frequency?
Gamma Rays have the highest frequency with 3 x 10^19 Hz.
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A sample of an unknown gas at STP has a density of 0.630 grams per liter. What is the gram molecular mass of this gas?
Density is an intensive property as it does not depend on the quantity of the substances Whereas mass and volume are extensive property. Therefore, 0.630 is the gram molecular mass of this gas.
What is density?Density tells about the compactness of the substances, how much dense is the substances in other words. Object that is more denser than water they just sink in the water.
Mathematically,
Density = Mass of the gas ÷volume marked on the graduated cylinder
density= 0.630 grams per liter
means 0.630 grams of an unknown gas is present in 1 liter of solution
Therefore, 0.630 is the gram molecular mass of this gas.
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Help Please!! How do I do this?
A sample of nitrogen is heated from STP to 100°C at constant pressure. Calculate the volume at 100°C.
Considering the Charles' law and STP conditions, the volume at 100°C is 30.60 L.
Charles' lawCharles' law establishes the relationship between the volume and the temperature of a sample of gas at constant pressure and establishes that when the temperature is increased the volume of the gas also increases and that when cooling the volume decreases.
Mathematically, Charles's law is expressed as:
V÷T=k
where:
V is the volume.
T is the temperature.
k is a constant.
Analyzing an initial state 1 and a final state 2, it is fulfilled:
V₁÷T₁= V₂÷T₂
STP conditionsThe STP conditions refer to the standard temperature and pressure. Pressure values at 1 atmosphere and temperature at 0 ° C are used and are reference values for gases. And in these conditions 1 mole of any gas occupies an approximate volume of 22.4 liters.
Volume at 100°CIn this case, you know:
V₁= 22. 4 LT₁= 0°C= 273 KV₂= ?T₂= 100 °C= 373 KReplacing in Charles' law:
22.4 L÷ 273 K= V₂÷ 373 K
Solving:
(22.4 L÷ 273 K)× 373 K= V₂
30.60 L= V₂
Finally, the final volume is 30.60 L.
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A compound with a molecular mass of 56.104 grams is found to be 86% carbon. The rest of the compound is hydrogen. Find its molecular formula. Group of answer choices C3H6 C4H8 C2H4 C6H10
The molecular formula for this compound is C4H8 that can be calculated from its empirical formula.
The empirical formula of a chemical compound is the simplest whole number ratio of atoms present in a compound. The compound is made up of only carbon and hydrogen atoms thus it is known as hydrocarbon. The percentage of carbon is 86%, therefore the percentage of hydrogen is 14%.
The molecular mass of the compound is given i.e., 56.104 grams.
Moles of C= 86 g * 1 mol/12 g =7 moles
Moles of H=14 g* 1 mol/1 g= 14 moles
Thus, the mole ratio of C:H can be given as:
Moles of C/ Moles of H= 7/14=1/2
Thus, the empirical formula is CH2 while its molecular formula is C4H8.
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The measured electric mobilities of K+ (aq) and Cl– (aq) at a KCl concentration of 0.30 mol L–1 are respectively, 5.9 10 –4 and 6.14 10–4 cm2 V–1 s–1 at 30 OC. Calculate the transport numbers and molar ionic conductivity of K+ and Cl–. What is the molar conductivity of KCl at this concentration? Assume complete ionisation of KCl.
The molar conductivity of KCl at this concentration and transport numbers and molar ionic conductivity of K+ and Cl– are
Λm =1.806×10−4 t(K+)=4.90033223×10^−9 t(Cl-) =5.09966777×10^−9What is the molar conductivity of KCl at this concentration?Generally, The transport number, t, of an ion can be calculated using the equation: t = (μi x Ci) / Λm,
where
tμi is the electric mobility of the ion, Ci is the concentration of the ion, and Λm ishe molar conductivity of the electrolyte solution.Given that the electric mobility of
K+ is 5.9 x 10^-4 cm^2 V^-1 s^-1, the electric mobility of Cl- is 6.14 x 10^-4 cm^2 V^-1 s^-1, and the concentration of KCl is 0.30 mol L^-1, we can calculate the transport numbers as:
t(K+) = (5.9 x 10^-4 cm^2 V^-1 s^-1 x [K+]) / Λm t(Cl-)
= (6.14 x 10^-4 cm^2 V^-1 s^-1 x [Cl-]) / Λm
where
[K+] and [Cl-] are the molar concentrations of K+ and Cl- ions, respectively.
The molar ionic conductivity, Λi, of an ion can be calculated using the equation: Λi = μi x Ci,
where
μi is the electric mobility of the ion and Ci is the concentration of the ion.Given that the electric mobility of K+ is 5.9 x 10^-4 cm^2 V^-1 s^-1 and the concentration of K+ is 0.15 mol L^-1, the molar ionic conductivity of K+ is:
Λ(K+) = 5.9 x 10^-4 cm^2 V^-1 s^-1 x 0.15 mol L^-1
Λ(K+) =8.85×10−5
Similarly, given that the electric mobility of
Cl- is 6.14 x 10^-4 cm^2 V^-1 s^-1 and the concentration of Cl- is 0.15 mol L^-1, the molar ionic conductivity of Cl- is:
Λ(Cl-) = 6.14 x 10^-4 cm^2 V^-1 s^-1 x 0.15 mol L^-1
Λ(Cl-) =9.21×10^−5
Finally, the molar conductivity of KCl can be calculated as:
Λm = Λ(K+) + Λ(Cl-)
=9.21×10^−5+8.85×10^−5
Λm =1.806×10−4
The transport numbers of K+ and Cl- can be calculated by
t(K+) = Λ(K+) / Λm and
t(Cl-) = Λ(Cl-) / Λm respectively.
t(K+) = 8.85×10−5/1.806×10−4 '
t(K+)=4.90033223×10^−9
and
t(Cl-) =9.21×10^−5/1.806×10−4
t(Cl-) =5.09966777×10^−9
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Exercise 3.1 Evaporation
In this exercise, you will think about what evaporation is and how it happens.
1 Complete these sentences. Choose the correct word when there
is a choice.
Evaporation occurs when a
turn into a
The particles in the liquid
turns into a
gain/lose
and move faster/slower and closer
together/further apart until some of them escape from the surface and
become a
Evaporation occurs when a liquid turns into vapour . The particles in the liquid gain energy and move faster and further until some of them escape from the surface and become a vapour
What is Evaporation ?A type of vaporisation called evaporation takes place on the surface of a liquid as it transitions into the gas phase. When humidity impacts the rate of evaporation of water, for example, a high concentration of the evaporating substance in the surrounding gas considerably slows down evaporation.A liquid transforms into a gas during evaporation. It is simple to picture when puddles of rain "vanish" on a hot day or when wet clothing dries in the sun. In these instances, the liquid water is evaporating into a gas known as water vapour rather than really dissipating. Global evaporation takes place.Evaporation occurs on surfaces. The top layer of the liquid evaporates because the molecules with the highest kinetic energy escape into the air, causing it to become lighter.
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Question 6
Since the Moon has no living organisms, which method would be best for determining the age of a Moon rock?
А
radioactive dating
B
law of superposition
С
density of sediment collection
D
fossil and mineral comparison
Me
Radioactive dating measures the rate of decay of radioactive materials in rocks.
What is radioactive dating?Radiometric dating, radioactive dating, or radioisotope dating is a technique used to date things such as rocks or carbon that included trace radioactive contaminants when they were produced. Radioactive dating is a technique for dating rocks and minerals that makes use of radioactive isotopes. This approach is appropriate for igneous and metamorphic rocks that cannot be dated using the sedimentary stratigraphic correlation method. There are around 300 naturally occuring isotopes known. The underlying idea behind radiometric dating is that you can compute the age of a sample by comparing the presence of a radioactive isotope within it to its known abundance on Earth and its known half-life (rate of decay).
Here,
Radioactive dating determines the rate at which radioactive elements in rocks decay.
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Identify the following chemical reaction: 8 Cu + S8 → 8 CuS
Combination reaction: 8 Cu + S8 8 CuS in terms of chemistry. There are multiple reactants and multiple products.
Combination reaction: what is it?Combination reactions occur when two or more substances combine to form a single new substance. Composite processes are also referred to as synthetic reactions. The typical structure of an active components is A+BAB. A combination reaction occurs when two components combine to form a compound.
What qualities make into a combination reaction?A combination synthesis can involve any number of different reactants. A non-metal and a metal combinations reaction every time leads to an electrolytic process. Combination conformational changes fall into one of three categories. In particular, they consist of two elements combined, two compounds combined, and one element combined with one compound.
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If methane (CH4) has a tetrahedral molecular geometry, which of the following diagrams most likely represents its Lewis dot structure
The carbon atom is in the center of the structure and is surrounded by four hydrogen atoms.
What is structure?Structure is an organized arrangement of elements, such as components, materials, people, or ideas. It is a way of organizing and arranging the components of a system in order to achieve a desired outcome.
The most likely Lewis dot structure for methane (CH4) is the following:
The carbon atom is in the center of the structure and is surrounded by four hydrogen atoms. Each hydrogen atom has one electron in its outer shell, and the carbon atom has four electrons in its outer shell. All of the atoms are arranged in a tetrahedral shape, which matches the molecular geometry of methane.
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The world’s record for the largest cup of coffee was broken on October 152010, with a 2010 gallon cup of coffee in Las VegasNevada. If a cup of coffee contains 237 mL of coffeehow many cups of coffee would be required to fill this enormous coffee cup?
The number of coffee cups that would be required to fill the enormous coffee cup would be 32 cups.
Dimensional analysisThe world's largest cup of coffee can hold 2010 gallons of coffee as recorded in Las Vegas.
A normal coffee cup will only hold as much as 237 mL of coffee. Recall that:
1 gallon = 3.78541 LIf 1 gallon = 3.78541 L
2010 gallons = 2010 x 3.78541
= 7608.6741 L
In other words, the coffee cup with the record size will hold a maximum of 7608.6741 L of coffee while a normal coffee cup will only hold 237 mL. The problem now is the number of number coffee cups that will fill the world's record largest coffee.
7608.6741/237 = 32.10
Therefore, the number of normal coffee cups that would be required to fill the enormous coffee cup would be approximately 32 cups.
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What molecule solid would have the highest melting point?
Answer:
Explanation:
They are Covalent networks solids
How many moles of KCI are produced at the same time at 9 moles O2? 2KCIO3=2KCI+3O2
Answer:
Explanation:
To determine how many moles of KCI are produced at the same time as 9 moles of O2, you can use the balanced chemical equation for the reaction. The balanced equation for the reaction of potassium chlorate (KCIO3) with oxygen gas (O2) is:
2KCIO3 = 2KCI + 3O2
This equation tells us that for every 2 moles of potassium chlorate that react, 2 moles of potassium chloride (KCI) are produced, along with 3 moles of oxygen gas.
Since we know that 9 moles of O2 are produced, we can use the balanced equation to determine how many moles of KCI are produced as well. Since the ratio of O2 to KCI in the equation is 3:2, we can divide 9 moles of O2 by 3 and multiply the result by 2 to find the number of moles of KCI that are produced:
9 moles O2 / 3 = 3 moles KCI
So, for 9 moles of O2, 6 moles of KCI are produced.
Answer: 6 mol KCI
Explanation:
Carefully feel the sides of the flask. Is the crystallization of sodium acetate endothermic or exothermic? How do you know?
Answer:
It is not possible to determine whether the crystallization of sodium acetate is endothermic or exothermic simply by feeling the sides of the flask. To determine the heat of crystallization, you would need to measure the temperature of the solution before and after crystallization and compare the two values.
The heat of crystallization is defined as the heat absorbed or released during the process of crystal formation from a solution or a melt. If heat is absorbed during the process, the reaction is endothermic and the temperature of the solution or melt will decrease. If heat is released, the reaction is exothermic and the temperature will increase.
In the case of sodium acetate, it is an exothermic reaction, meaning that heat is released during crystallization and the temperature of the solution will increase. This is because the process of forming the crystal lattice requires the breaking of hydrogen bonds and other intermolecular forces, which releases energy.
Explanation:
Answer:
exothermic
Explanation:
When you crystallize the solution, sodium acetate forms a new bond from the soluble aqueous state ( Na+ and C2H3O2- ) to the solid state (NaC2H3O2). Forming bonds in chemistry is generally an exothermic reaction.
How many times more acidic is a solution with a pH of 2 compared with one with a pH of 5 Explain.
Using a logarithmic scale with 7 as neutral, lower values are more acidic and higher values are more alkaline, the acidity or alkalinity of a solution is expressed. where c is the number of moles of hydrogen ions present per litre. So pH 2 is 1000 times stronger than pH 5, and vice versa.
A pH of 2 is how much more acidic than a pH of 5.For instance, a pH of 2 is 10,000 times more acidic than a pH of 3 and a pH of 5 is 10,000 times more acidic. Ten times as alkaline as a pH of 10 is a pH of 11.
How many times more acidic is a pH 2 solution compared to a pH 9 solution?Each whole pH value is ten times more acidic than the next higher value since the pH scale is logarithmic.
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The down-slope movement of material on Earth is called a slope failure. It is the failure of the slope resulting in transport of debris downhill by
sliding, rolling, falling, or slumping. This is an example of slope failure called
To solve this we must be knowing each and every concept related to landslides. Therefore, the given process describe the landslides process.
What is landslides?Slope collapses are essentially natural calamities that occur in a variety of locations across the world. Slope failures, often known as landslides, define a wide range of mechanisms that produce the outward or downward of slope-forming materials such as rock, soil, or landfills.
The down-slope movement of material on Earth is called a slope failure. It is the failure of the slope resulting in transport of debris downhill by sliding, rolling, falling, or slumping. This is an example of slope failure called landslides.
Therefore, the given process describe the landslides process.
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Substances that can be dissolved in water are Group of answer choices rare. soluble. thermal. molecular.
What are two characteristics of the rock found 3 mya?
To solve this we must be knowing each and every concept related to rock and its characteristics. Therefore, the two characteristics of the rock can be given as below.
What is rock?The word rock relates to the material's bulk volume, which includes the grain or crystals in addition to the enclosed vacuum space.
The two characteristics of the rock are:
Some minerals exhibit color features related to mineral composition and atom arrangement: for example, magnetite is black, chlorite is green, and pyrite is brassy yellow.
The capacity of a mineral to resist scratching is used to estimate its hardness, which is generally determined on fresh material. When a mineral is scraped with a knife, it softens. If a knife cannot scratch it, the two have equivalent hardness or even the mineral is harder.
Therefore, the two characteristics of the rock can be given as above.
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Why does c14 have 8 neutrons?
C14 have 8 neutrons, because C have 6 atomic number and it have 14 atomic mas , where atomic mass is total of proton and neutron so the neutron of C14 is 8.
It is commonly known that Carbon-14 is an isotope of carbon. It is also known as a neutral atom. Additionally, the ratio of neutrons to protons varies among different isotopes.
The total number of protons that make up an atom's nucleus is represented by the atomic number of that atom, as is well known. We know that carbon has an atomic number of 6, a mass number of 14. It is common knowledge that mass is the product of protons and neutrons. There will thus be = 14 - 6 = 8 neutrons.
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I need help plssss:(
the question is in the photo
The temperature inside a pressure cooker is 117°C. Calculate the vapor pressure of water inside the pressure cooker. What would be the temperature inside the pressure cooker if the vapor pressure of water was 2.85 atm?
The vapor pressure of water at its boiling point 100°C is 1 atm. Then the pressure at 117°C is 1.17 atm and the temperature of water at a pressure of 2.85 atm is 285°C.
What is boiling point ?Boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which it converts from liquid state to vapor state. At this temperature the vapor pressure of water vapor is equal to the atmospheric pressure that is 1 atm .
The temperature-pressure relation is written as:
P1 /T1 = P2/ T2
Now, the pressure inside the cooker at a temperature of 117°C is calculated as:
(1 atm × 117 °C) / 100 °C = 1.17 atm.
Thus, pressure at 117 °C is 1.17 atm. Then, If the pressure is 2.85 atm, then the temperature of water inside the pressure cooker is calculated as:
(2.85 atm × 117 °C) / 1.17 = 285 °C
Therefore, the temperature at 2.85 atm is 285 °C.
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I’ve tried to do the problem but it’s confusing
Answer:
Explanation:
The equation for calculating the amount of heat released is:
q = mcΔT
where:
q = heat released (in joules)
m = mass of the substance (in grams)
c = specific heat capacity (in J/g·°C)
ΔT = change in temperature (in degrees Celsius)
Given:
m = 30 g
ΔT = 96°C - 25°C = 71°C
c = 4.184 J/g·°C (for water)
so
q = (30 g)(4.184 J/g·°C)(71°C) = 8.91*71 = 635.11 J
Therefore, 635.11 J of heat is released when 30g of water cools down from 96 degree celsius to 25 degree celsius
Note that this calculation is valid only if the process is adiabatic or no heat is exchanged with the environment.
What is a neutral atom and has 14 protons?
A neutral atom and has 14 protons is Silicon
Each of the elements in the Periodic Table has an individual atomic number, or a specific number of protons in its nucleus.
The total number of protons that make up an atom's nucleus is represented by the atomic number of that atom, as is well known. We know that an atom has proton of 14, so the atomic number of that neutral atom is 14. we can check on the periodic table an atom that have 14 atomic number is silicon.
Therefore, the neutral atom and has 14 protons is Silicon
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name a solid that when burnt colourless gases are formed.One gas is strongly acidic while the other is slightly basic
Sulfur is a solid that when burnt produces two colourless gases: sulfur dioxide (SO2) and sulfur trioxide (SO3). The gas SO2 is strongly acidic, while the gas SO3 is slightly basic. When SO3 is dissolved in water, it forms a solution called sulfuric acid, which is a strong acid. SO2 is also a corrosive gas that can be harmful to humans and the environment. It is often produced as a byproduct of industrial processes, such as the burning of fossil fuels and the production of sulfuric acid.
Hope This Helps You!
A gas mixture containing oxygen, nitrogen, and He has a total pressure of 189.9 kPa. If PO2 = 104.6 kPa and PN2 = 13.0 kPa, what is PHe ?
A gas mixture containing oxygen, nitrogen, and He has a total pressure of 189.9 kPa. If PO2 = 104.6 kPa and PN2 = 13.0 kPa, PHe is 72.3 kPa.
What is total pressure ?Static pressure and velocity pressure are added to create total pressure. There is static pressure in a fluid that is not flowing. The pressure required to accelerate air from a zero velocity to a specific velocity that is proportional to the kinetic energy of the air stream is known as velocity pressure.
Consider the friction that exists between a fluid and the interior surface of a pipe. The fluid's density and velocity are used to compute the dynamic pressure: the total pressure in a mixture of ideal gases is the total of the partial pressures of the individual gases.
Total pressure = PO2 + PN2 + PHe
189.9 kPa = 104.6 kPa + 13.0 kPa + PHe
PHe = 72.3 kPa
Thus, A gas mixture containing oxygen, nitrogen, and He has a total pressure of 189.9 kPa. If PO2 = 104.6 kPa and PN2 = 13.0 kPa,PHe is 72.3 kPa.
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What can help overcome a positive enthalpy of solution and allow a solid solute to dissolve in water
New ion-dipole or dipole-dipole attractions take effect if the solute is an ion or polar molecule on its own.
When things go well, they could release enough potential energy to partially offset the energy needed to integrate the solute into the structure. Ammonia dissolving in water is a striking illustration of this. Solution's enthalpy. A solution is a uniform combination of two or more components that can exist in the solid, liquid, or gas phases. The amount of heat that is emitted or absorbed during the dissolving process is known as the enthalpy change of solution (at constant pressure).The solvent molecules begin to dissociate as a result. This process' enthalpy is referred to as. Since energy is needed to break the contact between the B molecules, this reaction, like the first, is always endothermic (). Let's try to picture what has transpired up to this point.
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How many moles of hydrogen (H2) are required to completely reduce 1 mole of cis-2,3,3- trimethylhepta-1,5-diene
2 moles of hydrogen (H2) are required to completely reduce 1 mole of cis-2,3,3- trimethylhepta-1,5-diene (C11H16).
What is moles?Moles, in chemistry, is a unit of measurement used to express the amount of a substance. It is equal to 6.022 x 1023 atoms, molecules, ions, or other particles. In other words, a mole contains an exact number of particles, which is known as Avogadro's number. The mole is a convenient way to measure and compare large amounts of a substance. It is also used to measure the amount of energy released or absorbed in a chemical reaction.
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How does the arrangement of atoms affect the classification of matter?
On the basis of arrangement of atoms, the matter is classified into three states: solid, liquid and gas.
In Chemistry, there are three fundamental states of matter based on the arrangement of molecules and atoms inside it.
Generally, solids have strict and rigid arrangement of atoms as they posses strong intermolecular forces and have high melting and boiling points. solids have fixed composition of atoms.
Similarly, liquids have loose arrangement of atoms and molecules keep moving randomly in a liquid. Liquids have low melting and boiling points as compared to solids. Gases have weakest intermolecular forces and atoms are arranged randomly in them. Also, their molecules keep moving in all directions.
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Calculate the pH of each of the following solutions of a strong acid in water.
(a) 0.16 M HCl
(b) 4.4 M HClO4
(c) 2.3???10?11 M HI
The pH of each of the following solutions of a strong acid in water for (a) 0.16 M HCl is 0.78, (b) 4.4 M HClO4 is 3.35, (c) 2.31011 M HI is 10.64.
A strong acid is an acid that is completely ionized in water. Therefore, the pH of a solution of a strong acid in water can be calculated using the following formula:
pH = -log[H+]
(a) 0.16 M HCl:
= [H+]
= 0.16 M
pH
= -log(0.16)
= -(-0.78)
= 0.78
(b) 4.4 M HClO4:
[H+]
= 4.4 M
pH
= -log(4.4)
= -(0.35)
= 3.35
(c) 2.3 x 10^-11 M HI:
[H+]
= 2.3 x 10^-11 M
pH
= -log(2.3 x 10^-11)
= -(-10.64)
= 10.64
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PLS HELP ASAP PLSSSS