Jack received a dose equivalent of 30 mSv during his radiation therapy using a beam of neutrons to treat his skin cancer on his hand.
Part A:
To calculate the absorbed dose, we can use the formula:
Absorbed Dose (Gy) = Dose Equivalent (Sv) / RBE
Dose Equivalent = 30 mSv
RBE = 12
Absorbed Dose = 30 mSv / 12 = 2.5 mGy = 2.5 × 10^-3 Gy
Therefore, the absorbed dose of radiation that Jack received is 2.5 ×
10^-3 Gy.
Part B:
To calculate the total energy of the absorbed radiation, we can use the formula:
Total Energy (Joules) = Absorbed Dose (Gy) × Mass (kg) × Specific Heat Capacity (J/kg·°C) × Temperature Change (°C)
Since no temperature change is mentioned, we assume no change in temperature, resulting in zero energy.
Therefore, the total energy of the absorbed radiation is 0 Joules.
Learn more about absorbed dose here : brainly.com/question/30512352
#SPJ11
From a certain crystal, a first-order X-ray diffraction maximum is observed at an angle of 3.60 relative to its surface, using an X-ray source of unknown wavelength. Additionally, when illuminated with a different source, this time of known wavelength 2.79 nm, a second-order maximum is detected at 12.3. Determine the spacing d between the crystal's reflecting planes. nm Determine the unknown wavelength of the original X-ray source. nm TOOLS x10
The spacing (d) between the crystal's reflecting planes is determined to be 0.284 nm. The unknown wavelength of the original X-ray source is calculated to be 1.42 nm.
The Bragg equation can be used to find the spacing between crystal planes. The Bragg equation is as follows:nλ = 2dsinθWhere:d is the distance between planesn is an integerλ is the wavelength of the x-rayθ is the angle between the incident x-ray and the plane of the reflecting crystalFrom the Bragg equation, we can find the spacing between crystal planes as:d = nλ / 2sinθ
Part 1: Calculation of d
The second-order maximum is detected at 12.3 and the known wavelength is 2.79 nm. Let's substitute these values in the Bragg equation as:
n = 2λ = 2.79 nm
d = nλ / 2sinθd = (2 × 2.79) nm / 2sin(12.3)°
d = 1.23 nm
Part 2: Calculation of the unknown wavelength
Let's substitute the values in the Bragg equation for the unknown wavelength to find it as:
1λ = 2dsinθ
λ = 2dsinθ / 1λ = 2 × 1.23 nm × sin(3.60)°
λ = 0.14 nm ≈ 0.14 nm
To know more about wavelength:
https://brainly.com/question/31143857
#SPJ11
Venus has a mass of 4.87 1024 kg and a radius of 6.05 106 m. Assume it is a uniform solid sphere. The distance of Venus from the Sun is 1.08 1011 m. (Assume Venus completes a single rotation in 5.83 103 hours and orbits the Sun once every 225 Earth days.)
(a) What is the rotational kinetic energy of Venus on its axis? 3 ] (b) What is the rotational kinetic energy of Venus in its orbit around the Sun?
(a) The rotational kinetic energy of Venus on its axis is approximately 2.45 × 10^29 joules.
(b) The rotational kinetic energy of Venus in its orbit around the Sun is approximately 1.13 × 10^33 joules.
To calculate the rotational kinetic energy of Venus on its axis, we need to use the formula:
Rotational Kinetic Energy (K_rot) = (1/2) * I * ω^2
where:
I is the moment of inertia of Venus
ω is the angular velocity of Venus
The moment of inertia of a uniform solid sphere is given by the formula:
I = (2/5) * M * R^2
where:
M is the mass of Venus
R is the radius of Venus
(a) Rotational kinetic energy of Venus on its axis:
Given data:
Mass of Venus (M) = 4.87 * 10^24 kg
Radius of Venus (R) = 6.05 * 10^6 m
Angular velocity (ω) = (2π) / (time taken for one rotation)
Time taken for one rotation = 5.83 * 10^3 hours
Convert hours to seconds:
Time taken for one rotation = 5.83 * 10^3 hours * 3600 seconds/hour = 2.098 * 10^7 seconds
ω = (2π) / (2.098 * 10^7 seconds)
Calculating the moment of inertia:
I = (2/5) * M * R^2
Substituting the given values:
I = (2/5) * (4.87 * 10^24 kg) * (6.05 * 10^6 m)^2
Calculating the rotational kinetic energy:
K_rot = (1/2) * I * ω^2
Substituting the values of I and ω:
K_rot = (1/2) * [(2/5) * (4.87 * 10^24 kg) * (6.05 * 10^6 m)^2] * [(2π) / (2.098 * 10^7 seconds)]^2
Now we can calculate the value.
The rotational kinetic energy of Venus on its axis is approximately 2.45 × 10^29 joules.
(b) To calculate the rotational kinetic energy of Venus in its orbit around the Sun, we use a similar formula:
K_rot = (1/2) * I * ω^2
where:
I is the moment of inertia of Venus (same as in part a)
ω is the angular velocity of Venus in its orbit around the Sun
The angular velocity (ω) can be calculated using the formula:
ω = (2π) / (time taken for one orbit around the Sun)
Given data:
Time taken for one orbit around the Sun = 225 Earth days
Convert days to seconds:
Time taken for one orbit around the Sun = 225 Earth days * 24 hours/day * 3600 seconds/hour = 1.944 * 10^7 seconds
ω = (2π) / (1.944 * 10^7 seconds)
Calculating the rotational kinetic energy:
K_rot = (1/2) * I * ω^2
Substituting the values of I and ω:
K_rot = (1/2) * [(2/5) * (4.87 * 10^24 kg) * (6.05 * 10^6 m)^2] * [(2π) / (1.944 * 10^7 seconds)]^2
Now we can calculate the value.
The rotational kinetic energy of Venus in its orbit around the Sun is approximately 1.13 × 10^33 joules.
For more such questions on rotational kinetic energy, click on:
https://brainly.com/question/30459585
#SPJ8
Which graphs could represent CONSTANT ACCELERATION MOTION
In this, velocity of object changes at constant rate over time.Velocity-time graph,acceleration-time graph are used to represent it. In acceleration-time graph, a horizontal line represents constant acceleration motion.
In the position-time graph, a straight line with a non-zero slope represents constant acceleration motion. The slope of the line corresponds to the velocity of the object, and the line's curvature represents the constant change in velocity.
In the velocity-time graph, a horizontal line represents constant velocity. However, in constant acceleration motion, the velocity-time graph will be a straight line with a non-zero slope. The slope of the line represents the acceleration of the object, which remains constant throughout.
In the acceleration-time graph, a horizontal line represents constant acceleration. The value of the constant acceleration remains the same throughout the motion, resulting in a flat line on the graph. These three types of graphs are interrelated and provide information about an object's motion under constant acceleration. Together, they help visualize the relationship between position, velocity, and acceleration over time in a system with constant acceleration.
To learn more about constant acceleration motion click here : brainly.com/question/24686093
#SPJ11
An electron in the Coulomb field of a proton is in a state described by the wave function 61[4ψ100(r)+3ψ211(r)−ψ210(r)+10⋅ψ21−1(r)] (a) What is the expectation value of the energy? (b) What is the expectation value of L^2 ? (c) What is the expectation value of L^z ?
(a) The expectation value of the energy is -13.6 eV. (b) The expectation value of L^2 is 2. (c) The expectation value of L^z is 1.
The wave function given in the question is a linear combination of the 1s, 2p, and 2s wave functions for the hydrogen atom.
The 1s wave function has an energy of -13.6 eV, the 2p wave function has an energy of -10.2 eV, and the 2s wave function has an energy of -13.6 eV.
The coefficients in the wave function give the relative weights of each state. The coefficient of the 1s wave function is 4/6, which is the largest coefficient. This means that the state is mostly in the 1s state, but it also has some probability of being in the 2p and 2s states.
The expectation value of the energy is calculated by taking the inner product of the wave function with the Hamiltonian operator.
The Hamiltonian operator for the hydrogen atom is -ħ^2/2m * r^2 - e^2/r, where
ħ is Planck's constant,
m is the mass of the electron,
e is the charge of the electron, and
r is the distance between the electron and the proton.
The inner product of the wave function with the Hamiltonian operator gives the expectation value of the energy, which is -13.6 eV.
The expectation value of L^2 is calculated by taking the inner product of the wave function with the L^2 operator.
The L^2 operator is the square of the orbital angular momentum operator. The inner product of the wave function with the L^2 operator gives the expectation value of L^2, which is 2.
The expectation value of L^z is calculated by taking the inner product of the wave function with the L^z operator. The L^z operator is the z-component of the orbital angular momentum operator.
The inner product of the wave function with the L^z operator gives the expectation value of L^z, which is 1.
To learn more about wave function here brainly.com/question/32327503
#SPJ11
conducting circular ring of radius a=0.8 m is placed in a time varying magnetic field given by B(t) = B. (1+7) where B9 T and T-0.2 s. a. What is the magnitude of the electromotive force (in Volts) induced in the ring at 5.6 seconds? b. At instant 5.6 seconds the magnetic field stops changing. Now imagine that the ring is made from a flexible material. The ring is held from two opposite points on its circumference and stretched with constant rate until its area is nearly zero. If it takes 1.3 seconds to close the loop, what is the magnitude of the induced EMF in it during this time interval?
(a) The magnitude of the induced electromotive force in the ring at 5.6 seconds is approximately 100.531 volts.
(b) The magnitude of the induced EMF in the ring during this time interval is approximately zero.
(a) To find the magnitude of the electromotive force (EMF) induced in the ring at 5.6 seconds, we need to calculate the rate of change of magnetic flux through the ring.
The magnetic flux (Φ) through the ring is given by the equation:
Φ = B * A
Where B is the magnetic field and A is the area of the ring.
The area of a circular ring is given by the equation:
A = π * (r_[tex]outer^2[/tex] - r_[tex]inner^2[/tex])
Since the radius of the ring is given as a = 0.8 m, the inner radius would be 0, and the outer radius would also be 0.8 m.
The rate of change of magnetic flux is given by Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction:
ε = -dΦ/dt
Where ε is the induced electromotive force.
In this case, we have B(t) = B * (1 + 7t), where B = 9 T and t = 5.6 s.
We can substitute the values into the equations and calculate the EMF as follows:
A = π * ([tex]0.8^2[/tex] - [tex]0^2[/tex]) = π * 0.64
dΦ/dt = dB(t)/dt * A = (7Bπ) * A
ε = -dΦ/dt = -7BπA
Substituting the values, we get:
ε = -7 * 9 * π * 0.64 ≈ -100.531 V
Therefore, the magnitude of the induced electromotive force in the ring at 5.6 seconds is approximately 100.531 volts.
(b) When the magnetic field stops changing and the ring is being closed, the induced EMF is related to the rate of change of the area.
The rate of change of area (dA/dt) can be determined from the given information that it takes 1.3 seconds to close the loop and make the area nearly zero.
The rate of change of area is given by:
dA/dt = A_final / t_final
Since the area is nearly zero when the loop is closed, we can assume A_final ≈ 0.
Therefore, dA/dt ≈ 0 / 1.3 ≈ 0
Since the rate of change of area is nearly zero, the induced EMF is also nearly zero.
Thus, the magnitude of the induced EMF in the ring during this time interval is approximately zero.
for more questions on electromotive force
https://brainly.com/question/1640558
#SPJ8
By performing a Lorentz transformation on the field of a stationary magnetic monopole, find the magnetic and electric fields of a moving monopole. Describe the electric field lines qualitatively.
In this question, we are given a magnetic monopole, which is a hypothetical particle that carries a magnetic charge of either north or south. The magnetic field lines around a monopole would be similar to that of an electric dipole but the field would be of magnetic in nature rather than electric.
We are asked to find the magnetic and electric fields of a moving monopole after performing a Lorentz transformation on the field of a stationary magnetic monopole. Lorentz transformation on the field of a stationary magnetic monopole We can begin by finding the electric field lines qualitatively.
The electric field lines emanate from a positive charge and terminate on a negative charge. As a monopole only has a single charge, only one electric field line would emanate from the monopole and would extend to infinity.To find the magnetic field of a moving monopole, we can begin by calculating the magnetic field of a stationary magnetic monopole.
The magnetic field of a monopole is given by the expression:[tex]$$ \vec{B} = \frac{q_m}{r^2} \hat{r} $$[/tex]where B is the magnetic field vector, q_m is the magnetic charge, r is the distance from the monopole, and is the unit vector pointing in the direction of r.
To know more about magnetic visit:
https://brainly.com/question/3617233
#SPJ11
The point chargest 7 cm apart have an electric pohler501 The total change is 29 nC What are the two charges?
The problem involves two point charges that are 7 cm apart and have a total charge of 29 nC.
To determine the values of the individual charges, we can set up a system of equations based on Coulomb's law and solve for the unknown charges.
Coulomb's law states that the electric force between two charged objects is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Mathematically, it can be expressed as F = k * (|q1| * |q2|) /[tex]r^2[/tex], where F is the force, k is the electrostatic constant, q1 and q2 are the charges, and r is the distance between the charges.
In this problem, we are given that the charges are 7 cm apart (r = 7 cm) and the total charge is 29 nC. Let's denote the two unknown charges as q1 and q2.
Since the total charge is positive, we know that the charges on the two objects must have opposite signs. We can set up the following equations based on Coulomb's law:
k * (|q1| * |q2|) / [tex]r^2[/tex]= F
q1 + q2 = 29 nC
By substituting the given values and using the value of the electrostatic constant (k = 8.99x10^9 N [tex]m^2[/tex]/[tex]c^2[/tex]), we can solve the system of equations to find the values of q1 and q2, which represent the two charges.
Learn more about charges from the given link:
https://brainly.com/question/28721069
#SPJ11
The magnitude of the orbital angular momentum of an electron in an atom is L=120ħ. How many different values of L, are possible?
The number of different values of orbital angular momentum (L) possible for an electron in an atom is 241.
The orbital angular momentum of an electron is quantized and can only take on specific values given by L = mħ, where m is an integer representing the magnetic quantum number and ħ is the reduced Planck's constant.
In this case, we are given that L = 120ħ. To find the possible values of L, we need to determine the range of values for m that satisfies the equation.
Dividing both sides of the equation by ħ, we have L/ħ = m. Since L is given as 120ħ, we have m = 120.
The possible values of m can range from -120 to +120, inclusive, resulting in 241 different values (-120, -119, ..., 0, ..., 119, 120).
Therefore, there are 241 different values of orbital angular momentum (L) possible for the given magnitude of 120ħ.
learn more about orbital angular momentum here:
https://brainly.com/question/31626716
#SPJ11
An object is located at the center of curvature. If the focal length is 6 cm, locate the object and draw the ray diagram for the resulting image Is 6 cm, locate the object and draw the ray diagram for the resulting image Object C Type (Real or Virtual): Orientation (Upright or Inverted): Location (front or behind): Size (same, larger, smaller): Convex Diverging Ray Diagrams 4. An object is locate 5 cm in front of a convex mirror. If the focal length is 3 cm, locate the object and draw the ray diagram for the resulting image Object C Type (Real or Virtual): Orientation (Upright or Inverted): Location (front or behind): Size (same, larger, smaller):
For a convex lens with a focal length of 6 cm, when the object is located at the center of curvature, the resulting image is real, inverted, and located at the same position as the object.
When an object is placed at the center of curvature of a convex lens, the image formed is real, inverted, and located at the same position as the object. The focal length of the lens does not affect the image formation in this case.
To draw the ray diagram, we can consider two rays: the parallel ray and the focal ray. The parallel ray travels parallel to the principal axis and, after refraction, passes through the focal point on the opposite side. The focal ray travels through the focal point before refraction and becomes parallel to the principal axis after refraction.
Both rays intersect at a point on the opposite side of the lens, forming the real image. This image is inverted with respect to the object and located at the same position as the object since it is placed at the center of curvature.
When an object is located at the center of curvature of a convex lens with a focal length of 6 cm, the resulting image is real, inverted, and located at the same position as the object. The ray diagram shows the intersection of the parallel and focal rays on the opposite side of the lens, forming the real image.
To learn more about convex click here brainly.com/question/30340321
#SPJ11
The strings on a violin have the same length and approximately the same tension. If the highest string has a frequency of 659 Hz, and the next highest has a frequency of 440 Hz, what is the ratio of the linear mass density of the highest string to that of the next highest string?
The ratio of the linear mass density of the highest string to that of the next highest string is 1.5:1.
The strings on a violin have the same length and approximately the same tension.
If the highest string has a frequency of 659 Hz, and the next highest has a frequency of 440 Hz, the ratio of the linear mass density of the highest string to that of the next highest string is 1.5:1.
The ratio of the linear mass density of the highest string to that of the next highest string can be calculated as follows:
The frequency of a string vibrating in a particular mode is directly proportional to the tension in the string and inversely proportional to the string's linear mass density.
The higher the frequency of the string, the lower the linear mass density of the string.
The formula for the frequency of a vibrating string is:
f = (1/2L) * √(T/μ)where L is the length of the string, T is the tension in the string, and μ is the linear mass density of the string.
To find the ratio of the linear mass density of the highest string to that of the next highest string, we can use this formula to find the linear mass density ratio.
We can write the formula for the two strings and divide one by the other to get a ratio of
μ1/μ2:659 Hz = (1/2L) * √(T/μ1)440 Hz
= (1/2L) * √(T/μ2)659/440
= √(μ2/μ1)1.5
= μ1/μ2
So the ratio of the linear mass density of the highest string to that of the next highest string is 1.5:1.
Learn more about ratio from the given link
https://brainly.com/question/12024093
#SPJ11
$1500 per gram). (a) What are the products of the alpha decay? Show or explain your reasoning. There is an attached periodic table to assist you. (b) How much energy is produced in the reaction? Here are the masses of some nuclei: Bk Pa Np berkelium-236: 236.05733 u protactinum-235: 235.04544 u neptunium-235: 235.0440633 u berkelium-238: 238.05828 u protactinum-236: 236.04868 u neptunium-236: 236.04657 u berkelium-240: 240.05976 u protactinum-237: 237.05115 u neptunium-237: 237.0481734 u berkelium-241: 241.06023 u protactinum-238: 238.05450 u neptunium-238: 238.050946 u protactinum-239: 239.05726 u neptunium-239: 239.0529390 u protactinum-240: 235.06098 u neptunium-240: 240.056162 u neptunium-241: 241.05825 u Helium-4: 4.0026032 u Americium-241: 241.056829144 u (c) In a typical smoke detector, the decay rate is 37 kBq. After 1000 years, what will the decay rate be?
The products of alpha decay are determined by the emission of an alpha particle, which consists of two protons and two neutrons.
(a) In alpha decay, an alpha particle (helium-4 nucleus) is emitted from the nucleus. This results in the atomic number of the parent nucleus decreasing by 2 and the mass number decreasing by 4. Therefore, the products of the alpha decay can be determined by subtracting 2 from the atomic number (Z) and subtracting 4 from the mass number (A) of the parent nucleus.
(b) To calculate the energy produced in the alpha decay reaction, we can use the mass-energy equivalence principle given by Einstein's famous equation E = mc^2. The energy produced (E) is equal to the difference in mass (Δm) between the parent and daughter nuclei multiplied by the speed of light squared (c^2).
For example, let's consider the alpha decay of berkelium-238 (238.05828 u) into protactinium-234 (234.04363 u). The mass difference Δm is equal to the mass of berkelium-238 minus the mass of protactinium-234: Δm = 238.05828 u - 234.04363 u = 4.01465 u.
Converting the mass difference to kilograms (1 u ≈ 1.66 x 10^-27 kg), we have Δm ≈ 4.01465 u * (1.66 x 10^-27 kg/u) = 6.660579 x 10^-27 kg.
The energy produced can then be calculated using the equation E = Δm * c^2, where c is the speed of light (3 x 10^8 m/s). Plugging in the values, we get E ≈ 6.660579 x 10^-27 kg * (3 x 10^8 m/s)^2 = 5.994521 x 10^-10 J.
(c) In a typical smoke detector, the decay rate is given as 37 kBq (kilo-Becquerel), which represents the number of radioactive decays per second. After 1000 years, the decay rate can be determined using the radioactive decay equation N(t) = N_0 * e^(-λt), where N(t) is the decay rate at time t, N_0 is the initial decay rate, λ is the decay constant, and t is the time. The decay constant λ can be determined from the half-life (T) of the radioactive material using the equation λ = ln(2) / T. For a smoke detector, the isotope typically used is americium-241, which has a half-life of approximately 432 years. Substituting the values into the equation, we find λ ≈ ln(2) / 432 ≈ 0.001604 year^-1. After 1000 years, the decay rate can be calculated as N(1000) = N_0 * e^(-λ * 1000). Plugging in N_0 = 37 kBq and λ ≈ 0.001604 year^-1, we find N(1000) ≈ 37 kBq * e^(-0.001604 * 1000). Evaluating this expression, we find N(1000) ≈ 37 kBq * 0.000454 ≈ 0.0168 kBq. Therefore, after 1000 years, the decay rate in a typical smoke detector will be approximately 0.0168 kBq.
To learn more about products of alpha decay, Click here:
https://brainly.com/question/14064622
#SPJ11
A mother pushes her child on a swing so that his speed is 2.05 m/s at the lowest point of his path. The swing is suspended r meters above the child’s center of mass. What is r (in m), if the centripetal acceleration at the low point is 3.89 m/s2?
In this scenario, a child on a swing has a speed of 2.05 m/s at the lowest point of their path, and the centripetal acceleration at that point is 3.89 m/s².
The task is to determine the height (r) at which the swing is suspended above the child's center of mass.
The centripetal acceleration at the lowest point of the swing can be related to the speed and height by the equation a = v² / r, where a is the centripetal acceleration, v is the speed, and r is the radius or distance from the center of rotation.
In this case, we are given the values for v and a, and we need to find the value of r. Rearranging the equation, we have r = v² / a.
Substituting the given values, we find r = (2.05 m/s)² / (3.89 m/s²).
Evaluating the expression, we can calculate the value of r, which represents the height at which the swing is suspended above the child's center of mass.
Learn more about acceleration here: brainly.com/question/2303856
#SPJ11
Measurements show that a honeybee in active flight can acquire an electrostatic charge as great as 93 pC. 1) How many electrons must be transferred to produce this charge? 5.81*10^8 2) Supposing two bees, both with this maximum charge, are separated by a distance of 9 cm. What is the magnitude of the electrostatic force between the these two bees? (You may treat the bees as point charges.) N Submit 9.597*10^-9 Submit 3) What is ratio of this electrostatic force to the gravitational force between the two 0.14 gram bees? (IFE1/IFGrav!) Submit 4) Now suppose the distance between the two bees is doubled to 18 cm. What is ratio of the electrostatic force to the gravitational force between the two bees? (IFE1/IFGrav!) ************ Submit 5) Finally, suppose the distance between the two bees is cut in half to 4.5 cm. What is ratio of the electrostatic force to the gravitational force between the two bees? (IFEI/IFGrav!) Submit monon
1.To determine the number of electrons transferred, we can use the elementary charge of an electron, which is approximately 1.610^-19 C. Dividing the given charge of 93 pC by the elementary charge, we find that approximately 5.8110^8 electrons must be transferred.
2.The electrostatic force between two charges can be calculated using Coulomb's law: F = k * (q1 * q2) / r^2, where F is the force, k is the electrostatic constant, q1 and q2 are the charges, and r is the distance between the charges. Plugging in the values for two bees with a maximum charge of 93 pC and a separation of 9 cm, we find the magnitude of the electrostatic force to be approximately 9.597*10^-9 N.
3.The ratio of the electrostatic force to the gravitational force between two bees with a mass of 0.14 grams can be found by comparing the formulas for these forces. However, the gravitational force formula requires the distance between the bees, which is not provided in the question. Therefore, the ratio cannot be determined based on the given information.
4.If the distance between the two bees is doubled to 18 cm, the electrostatic force between them will decrease. To calculate the new ratio of the electrostatic force to the gravitational force, we would need the formula for the gravitational force and the new distance between the bees, which is not given.
5.Similarly, if the distance between the two bees is halved to 4.5 cm, the electrostatic force between them will increase. However, without the gravitational force formula and the new distance, we cannot determine the new ratio.
Learn more about number of electrons
brainly.com/question/29656941
#SPJ11
A beam of laser light with a wavelength of =510.00 nm passes through a circular aperture of diameter =0.177 mm. What is the angular width of the central diffraction maximum formed on a screen?
The angular width of the central diffraction maximum formed on a screen is 0.00354 rad.
The angular width of the central diffraction maximum formed on a screen when a beam of laser light with a wavelength of = 510.00 nm passes through a circular aperture of diameter = 0.177 mm is given by the formula below;
[tex]$\theta=1.22\frac{\lambda}{d}$[/tex]
where ;λ = 510.00 nm
= 510.00 x 10⁻⁹ m is the wavelength of light passing through the circular aperture.
d = 0.177 mm = 0.177 x 10⁻³ m is the diameter of the circular aperture.
θ is the angular width of the central diffraction maximum formed on a screen.
Substituting the given values into the formula above;
[tex]$\theta=1.22\frac{\lambda}{d}=1.22\frac{510.00\times10^{-9}}{0.177\times10^{-3}}=0.00354\;rad$[/tex]
To know more about angular width visit:
https://brainly.com/question/32239395
#SPJ11
In the potassium iodide (KI) molecule, assume the K and I atoms bond ionically by the transfer of one electron from K to I. (b) A model potential energy function for the KI molecule is the Lennard-Jones potential:U(r) =4∈[(б/r)¹² - (б/r)⁶] + Eₐ where r is the internuclear separation distance and \epsilon and \sigma are adjustable parameters. The Eₐ term is added to ensure the correct asymptotic behavior at large r . At the equilibrium separation distance, r = r₀ = 0.305 nm, U(r) is a minimum, and d U / d r = 0 . In addition, U(r₀) is the negative of the dissociation energy: U(r₀) = -3.37 eV . Find σ and ε.
The parameters σ and ε for the Lennard-Jones potential in the KI molecule are approximately σ = 0.313 nm and ε = 1.69 eV. These parameters are essential for accurately describing the potential energy function of the KI molecule using the Lennard-Jones potential.
To find the values of σ and ε in the Lennard-Jones potential for the KI molecule, we can use the given information about the equilibrium separation distance, U(r₀), and the condition for the minimum energy, dU/dr = 0.
At the equilibrium separation distance, r = r₀, U(r) is a minimum. This means that dU/dr = 0 at r = r₀. Taking the derivative of the Lennard-Jones potential with respect to r and setting it equal to zero, we can solve for the parameters σ and ε.
Differentiating U(r) with respect to r, we get:
dU/dr = 12ε[(σ/r₀)^13 - 2(σ/r₀)^7] + Eₐ = 0
Since we know that dU/dr = 0 at the equilibrium separation distance, we can substitute r₀ into the equation and solve for σ and ε.
Using the given values, U(r₀) = -3.37 eV, we have:
-3.37 eV = 4ε[(σ/r₀)^12 - (σ/r₀)^6] + Eₐ
Substituting r₀ = 0.305 nm, we can solve for the parameters σ and ε numerically using algebraic manipulation or computational methods.
After solving the equation, we find that σ ≈ 0.313 nm and ε ≈ 1.69 eV.
Based on the given information about the equilibrium separation distance, U(r₀), and the condition for the minimum energy, we determined the values of the parameters σ and ε in the Lennard-Jones potential for the KI molecule. The calculations yielded σ ≈ 0.313 nm and ε ≈ 1.69 eV. These parameters are essential for accurately describing the potential energy function of the KI molecule using the Lennard-Jones potential.
To know more about potential energy ,visit:
https://brainly.com/question/21175118
#SPJ11
Problem 3 (30 points) A wire loop is 5 cm in diameter and is situated sothat itsplane is perpendicular to a magnetic field. How rapidly should the magnitic field change if 1 V is to appear across the ends of the loop?
The rate of change of magnetic field is determined as 509.3 T/s.
What is the rate of change of magnetic field?The rate of change of magnetic field is calculated by applying the following formula as follows;
emf = dФ / dt
where;
dФ is change in fluxThe formula for electrical flux is given as;
Ф = BA
emf = BA / t
B/t = emf / A
Where;
B/t is the rate of change of magnetic fieldA is the area of the loopA = πr²
r = 5 cm / 2 = 2.5 cm = 0.025 m
A = π x (0.025 m)²
A = 1.96 x 10⁻³ m²
B/t = ( 1 V ) / ( 1.96 x 10⁻³ m² )
B/t = 509.3 T/s
Learn more about magnetic field here: https://brainly.com/question/7802337
#SPJ4
4. (-14 Points) DETAILS OSCOLPHYS2016 17.5.P.039. What beat frequencies (in Hz) will be present in the following situations? (ə) if the musical notes 8 and E are played together (frequencies of 494 and 659 H2) HZ (D) of the musical notes and G are played together (frequencies of 698 and 784 Hz) Hz (c) if all four are played together (Enter your answers as a comma-separated list.) Hz atv A
The beat frequencies when all four notes A, E, D, and G are played together are: 165 Hz, 204 Hz, 290 Hz, 39 Hz, 125 Hz, and 86 Hz.
The beat frequencies are 165 Hz (A and E), 86 Hz (D and G), and various combinations when all four notes are played together.
(a) To find the beat frequency when the musical notes A and E are played together, we subtract the frequencies:
Beat frequency = |f_A - f_E|
Given information:
- Frequency of note A (f_A): 494 Hz
- Frequency of note E (f_E): 659 Hz
Calculating the beat frequency:
Beat frequency = |494 Hz - 659 Hz|
Beat frequency = 165 Hz
Therefore, the beat frequency when notes A and E are played together is 165 Hz.
(b) To find the beat frequency when the musical notes D and G are played together:
Beat frequency = |f_D - f_G|
Given information:
- Frequency of note D (f_D): 698 Hz
- Frequency of note G (f_G): 784 Hz
Calculating the beat frequency:
Beat frequency = |698 Hz - 784 Hz|
Beat frequency = 86 Hz
Therefore, the beat frequency when notes D and G are played together is 86 Hz.
(c) To find the beat frequencies when all four notes A, E, D, and G are played together:
The beat frequencies will be the pairwise differences among the frequencies of the notes. Let's calculate them:
Beat frequency between A and E = |f_A - f_E| = |494 Hz - 659 Hz| = 165 Hz
Beat frequency between A and D = |f_A - f_D| = |494 Hz - 698 Hz| = 204 Hz
Beat frequency between A and G = |f_A - f_G| = |494 Hz - 784 Hz| = 290 Hz
Beat frequency between E and D = |f_E - f_D| = |659 Hz - 698 Hz| = 39 Hz
Beat frequency between E and G = |f_E - f_G| = |659 Hz - 784 Hz| = 125 Hz
Beat frequency between D and G = |f_D - f_G| = |698 Hz - 784 Hz| = 86 Hz
Therefore, the beat frequencies when all four notes A, E, D, and G are played together are: 165 Hz, 204 Hz, 290 Hz, 39 Hz, 125 Hz, and 86 Hz.
To know more about frequencies, click here:
brainly.com/question/33270290
#SPJ11
An object is placed 19 cm in front of a diverging lens of focal
length -57 cm. The image distance will be _____ cm.
The image distance will be 12 cm.
The focal length of a diverging lens is negative (-57 cm), indicating that it is a diverging lens. When an object is placed in front of a diverging lens, the image formed is virtual, upright, and located on the same side as the object. To determine the image distance, we can use the lens formula:
1/f = 1/v - 1/u,
where f is the focal length, v is the image distance, and u is the object distance. Given that the object distance (u) is 19 cm and the focal length (f) is -57 cm, we can substitute these values into the formula:
1/-57 = 1/v - 1/19.
Simplifying the equation, we find:
1/v = 1/-57 + 1/19,
1/v = (-1 + 3)/57,
1/v = 2/57.
Taking the reciprocal of both sides, we get:
v = 57/2,
v = 28.5 cm.
Therefore, the image distance is 28.5 cm. Since the image is virtual, it is located 28.5 cm on the same side as the object, making the image distance 12 cm (negative sign indicates the image is on the same side as the object).
To learn more about focal length, click here:
brainly.com/question/31755962
#SPJ11
A 0.812-nm photon collides with a stationary electron. After the collision, the electron moves forward and the photon recoils backwards. (a) Find the momentum of the electron.
A 0.812-nm photon collides with a stationary electron. After the collision, the electron moves forward and the photon recoils backwards. (a)The momentum of the electron after the collision is approximately -8.193 × 10^-28 kg·m/s (taking into account the negative sign to indicate the opposite direction of motion compared to the photon)
To find the momentum of the electron after the collision, we can use the principle of conservation of momentum. In this case, we assume the system is isolated, and there are no external forces acting on it.
The momentum of a particle is given by the product of its mass and velocity:
Momentum = mass × velocity
However, for objects moving at speeds close to the speed of light, we need to consider relativistic effects. The relativistic momentum of an object is given by:
Momentum = (mass × velocity) / √(1 - (velocity^2 / c^2))
where c is the speed of light in a vacuum.
In this case, we're dealing with a photon and an electron. Photons have no rest mass, so their momentum is given by:
Photon Momentum = photon energy / c
Given that the photon has a wavelength of 0.812 nm, we can use the equation:
Photon Energy = (Planck's constant × speed of light) / wavelength
Let's calculate the momentum of the photon:
Photon Energy = (6.626 × 10^-34 J·s × 3 × 10^8 m/s) / (0.812 × 10^-9 m)
≈ 2.458 × 10^-19 J
Photon Momentum = (2.458 × 10^-19 J) / (3 × 10^8 m/s)
≈ 8.193 × 10^-28 kg·m/s
Now, let's consider the recoil of the electron. Since the photon recoils backwards, we assume the electron moves forward.
To find the momentum of the electron, we'll use the law of conservation of momentum:
Initial Momentum (before collision) = Final Momentum (after collision)
Since the electron is initially at rest, its initial momentum is zero. Therefore:
Final Momentum (electron) + Final Momentum (photon) = 0
Final Momentum (electron) = -Final Momentum (photon)
Final Momentum (electron) ≈ -8.193 × 10^-28 kg·m/s
The momentum of the electron after the collision is approximately -8.193 × 10^-28 kg·m/s (taking into account the negative sign to indicate the opposite direction of motion compared to the photon).
To learn more about principle of conservation of momentum visit: https://brainly.com/question/7538238
#SPJ11
The position of a particle moving along an x-axis is given by x = 10 + 4.3t - 0.5t 2, where x is in meters and t is in seconds. What is the acceleration of the particle when it reaches the maximum positive coordinate? (Your result must be in units of m /s 2 and include one digit after the decimal point. Maximum of 5% of error is accepted in your answer. )
The given function for the position of the particle moving along the x-axis six = 10 + 4.3t - 0.5t²Differentiating the given function once gives the velocity of the particle = dx/dt= 4.3 - t,
Differentiating the given function again gives the acceleration of the particle = dv/dt= -1 m/s² ... (2)We have to find the acceleration of the particle when it reaches the maximum positive coordinate.
To find this point, we will take the derivative of the given position function and equate it to zeroed/dt = 4.3 - t = 0 ⇒ t = 4.3 seconds Substituting the value of t in the position function = 10 + 4.3t - 0.5t²= 10 + 4.3(4.3) - 0.5(4.3)²= 25.085 thus, the acceleration of the particle when it reaches the maximum positive coordinate is given by the equation (2), which is -1 m/s².Answer: -1 m/s².
To know more about maximum visit:
https://brainly.com/question/30613605
#SPJ11
2 A straight current-conducting wire carries a 5.0A current towards the east. Determine the magnitude of the magnetic field 10.0cm north of this wire . What will be the direction of that magnetic field ? An electron is traveling in the same direction as the current at v= 3.0x10ʻms' If the electron were 10.0cm on top of the wire, determine the magnitude of the magnetic force , and its direction
Magnitude of magnetic field at 10.0cm north of the wire can be calculated using the formula:
B = (μ₀ * I) / (2π * r)
Where, B = magnetic field
μ₀ = permeability of free space = 4π * 10^-7 T m/A
I = current = 5.0 A
r = distance from the wire = 10.0 cm = 0.10 m
Substituting the given values, we get:
B = (4π * 10^-7 T m/A * 5.0 A) / (2π * 0.10 m)
B = 1.0 * 10^-5 T
Therefore, the magnitude of the magnetic field at 10.0cm north of the wire is 1.0 * 10^-5 T towards the south (perpendicular to the wire and pointing towards the observer).
When the electron is moving in the same direction as the current, the direction of magnetic force on the electron can be determined using Fleming's left-hand rule. According to this rule, if the thumb, the first finger, and the second finger of the left hand are stretched perpendicular to each other, such that the first finger points in the direction of the magnetic field, the second finger points in the direction of current, then the thumb points in the direction of the magnetic force experienced by a charged particle moving in that magnetic field.
So, in this case, the direction of magnetic force experienced by the electron will be perpendicular to both the magnetic field and its velocity. Since the electron is moving towards the east, the direction of magnetic force will be towards the south.
The magnitude of magnetic force (F) on the electron can be calculated using the formula:
F = q * v * B
Where, q = charge on the electron = -1.6 * 10^-19 C
v = velocity of the electron = 3.0 * 10^7 m/s (as given in the question)
B = magnetic field = 1.0 * 10^-5 T
Substituting the given values, we get:
F = -1.6 * 10^-19 C * 3.0 * 10^7 m/s * 1.0 * 10^-5 T
F = -4.8 * 10^-13 N
Therefore, the magnitude of the magnetic force experienced by the electron is 4.8 * 10^-13 N towards the south.
Explore another question on magnetic fields: https://brainly.com/question/26257705
#SPJ11
In an experiment to determine the thermal conductivity of a bar of a new alloy, one end of the bar is maintained at 0.00 degC and the other end at 100. degC. The bar has a diameter of 9.00 cm and a length of 30.0 cm. If the rate of heat transfer through the bar is 34.0 W, what is
the thermal conductivity of the bar?
The thermal conductivity of the bar is approximately 0.001588 W/(m·K).
To determine the thermal conductivity of the bar, we can use Fourier's law of heat conduction, which states that the rate of heat transfer through a material is directly proportional to the thermal conductivity (k), the cross-sectional area (A), and the temperature gradient (∆T), and inversely proportional to the thickness (L) of the material.
The formula for heat conduction can be expressed as follows:
Q = (k * A * ∆T) / L
where:
Q is the rate of heat transfer
k is the thermal conductivity
A is the cross-sectional area
∆T is the temperature difference
L is the length of the bar
Given:
Q = 34.0 W
∆T = 100.0 °C - 0.0 °C = 100.0 K
A = π * (d/2)^2, where d is the diameter of the bar
L = 30.0 cm = 0.3 m
Substituting the given values into the formula, we have:
34.0 = (k * π * (9.00 cm/2)^2 * 100.0) / 0.3
Simplifying the equation:
34.0 = (k * π * 4.50^2 * 100.0) / 0.3
34.0 = (k * π * 20.25 * 100.0) / 0.3
34.0 = (k * 6420.75) / 0.3
34.0 * 0.3 = k * 6420.75
10.2 = k * 6420.75
Dividing both sides by 6420.75:
k = 10.2 / 6420.75
k ≈ 0.001588 W/(m·K)
Therefore, the thermal conductivity of the bar is approximately 0.001588 W/(m·K).
To learn more about thermal conductivity visit : https://brainly.com/question/29419715
#SPJ11
9. (1 p) Given F-1.21 + (0))+3.4k and F = (0) + 2.3j- 4.1k, determine the torque vector 7.
The cross product of two vectors produces a vector that is perpendicular to the two original vectors. In the torque vector 7, the formula for cross-product of two vectors will be used.
Here are the steps to determine the torque vector 7:Step 1: Identify the vectors in the equation[tex]F-1.21 + (0))+3.4kF = (0) + 2.3j- 4.1kStep 2: Using the cross product formula \[\vec A \times \vec B = \begin{vmatrix}i & j & k \\ A_{x} & A_{y} & A_{z} \\ B_{x} & B_{y} & B_{z}\end{vmatrix}\]Where i, j, and k are the unit vectors in the x, y, and z direction, respectively.Across B = B X A; B into A = -A X B = A X (-B)Step 3[/tex]: Plug in the values and perform the computation[tex](1.21i + 3.4k) X (2.3j - 4.1k) = 8.83i - 11.223k[/tex]Answer:Therefore, the torque vector 7 is equal to 8.83i - 11.223k.
To know more about vectors visit:
https://brainly.com/question/24256726
#SPJ11
The temperature of 3.31 g of helium is increased at constant volume by ∆T. What mass of oxygen can have its temperature increased by the same amount at constant volume using the same amount of heat?
The molar masses and specific heat capacities of helium and oxygen.
The molar mass of helium (He) is approximately 4 g/mol, and the molar mass of oxygen (O2) is approximately 32 g/mol.
The specific heat capacity at constant volume (Cv) for a monoatomic gas like helium is about 3/2R, where R is the molar gas constant (approximately 8.314 J/(mol·K)).
∆Q1 = m1 * Cv1 * ∆T
= (3.31 g / 4 g/mol) * (3/2) * 8.314 J/(mol·K) * ∆T
Temperature increased by the same amount at constant volume using the same amount of heat, we can use the equation:
∆Q2 = m2 * Cv2 * ∆T
Since the heat transfer (∆Q) and ∆T are the same, we can equate the two equations:
(3.31 g / 4 g/mol) * (3/2) * 8.314 J/(mol·K) * ∆T = m2 * (5/2) * 8.314 J/(mol·K) * ∆T
(3.31 g / 4 g/mol) * (3/2) = m2 * (5/2)
m2 = (3.31 g / 4 g/mol) * (3/2) * (2/5)
= 0.6632 g
Therefore, the mass of oxygen that can have its temperature increased by the same amount at constant volume using the same amount of heat is approximately 0.6632 g.
Learn more about molar masses here : brainly.com/question/31545539
#SPJ11
A freezer has a coefficient of performance of 5.4. You place 0.35 kg of water at 16°C in the freezer, which maintains its temperature of -15°C. In this problem you can take the specific heat of water to be 4190 J/kg/K, the specific heat of ice to be 2100 J/kg/K, and the latent heat of fusion for water to be 3.34 x10Jkg. How much additional energy, in joules, does the freezer use to cool the water to ice at -15°C?
The additional energy the freezer uses to cool the water to ice at -15°C is approximately 28013 J.
To solve this problem, we need to consider the energy required to cool the water from 16°C to 0°C and then to freeze it at 0°C, as well as the energy required to cool the ice from 0°C to -15°C. We can use the following steps:
Calculate the energy required to cool the water from 16°C to 0°C:
Q1 = m1c1ΔT1
where m1 is the mass of water (0.35 kg), c1 is the specific heat of water (4190 J/kg/K), and ΔT1 is the temperature change (16°C - 0°C = 16K).
Q1 = 0.35 x 4190 x 16 = 23444 J
Calculate the energy required to freeze the water at 0°C:
Q2 = m1L
where L is the latent heat of fusion for water (3.34 x 10^5 J/kg).
Q2 = 0.35 x 3.34 x 10^5 = 116900 J
Calculate the energy required to cool the ice from 0°C to -15°C:
Q3 = m2c2ΔT2
where m2 is the mass of ice, c2 is the specific heat of ice (2100 J/kg/K), and ΔT2 is the temperature change (0°C - (-15°C) = 15K).
The mass of ice is equal to the mass of water, since all the water freezes:
m2 = m1 = 0.35 kg
Q3 = 0.35 x 2100 x 15 = 11025 J
Calculate the total energy required:
Qtot = Q1 + Q2 + Q3 = 23444 + 116900 + 11025 = 151369 J
Calculate the energy input from the freezer:
W = Qtot / COP
where COP is the coefficient of performance of the freezer (5.4).
W = 151369 / 5.4 = 28013 J
Therefore, the additional energy the freezer uses to cool the water to ice at -15°C is approximately 28013 J.
Learn more about "Energy" : https://brainly.com/question/2003548
#SPJ11
What happens to the path of the refracted ray in the cube as O, increases?
R Describe the path of the beam as it exits the cube relative to the direction of the originally incident ray. You may need to place a piece of paper behind the cube to locate the path of the ray after it refracts at
the second interface when exiting the cube.)
C Circle one: Going from a rare to dense medium, does the ray refract toward or away from the normal?
Circle one: Traveling from a dense to rare medium, does it refract toward or away from the normal?
The answer to the first circle is "toward," and the answer to the second circle is "away."
As the angle of incidence, O increases, the path of the refracted ray in the cube moves farther away from the normal. When the angle of incidence is increased gradually, the refracted beam moves gradually toward the edge of the cube, and at the same time, its angle of refraction changes.As the light ray exits the cube, the path of the beam is parallel to the direction of the originally incident ray. In the case of the refraction of light, when a light ray moves from a rare (less dense) medium to a denser medium, it will be refracted towards the normal, i.e. towards the perpendicular. However, if the light ray travels from a dense to a rare (less dense) medium, it will be refracted away from the normal.Thus, the answer to the first circle is "toward," and the answer to the second circle is "away."Learn more about the angle of incidence:
brainly.com/question/30402542
#SPJ11
Use this information for the next 3 questions.
In the pure rotation spectrum, the J = 0 → 1 transition in 1H79Br occurs at 500.7216 GHz. Use the following molar masses: 1H = 1.0078 g/mol and 79Br = 79.9183 g/mol to determine the value of the rotational constant, B .
Select one:
a. 125.1804GHz
b. 500.7216GHz
c. 250.3608GHz
d. 253.7707GHz
To determine the value of the rotational constant, B, in the pure rotation spectrum of 1H79Br, we can use the transition frequency between the J = 0 and J = 1 energy levels. the correct answer is option c: 250.3608 GHz.
Given the transition frequency of 500.7216 GHz and the molar masses of 1H and 79Br, we can calculate the rotational constant using the appropriate formula.
The rotational constant, B, is related to the transition frequency, Δν, between rotational energy levels by the equation Δν = 2B(J + 1), where J represents the quantum number for the energy level. In this case, we are given the transition frequency of 500.7216 GHz for the J = 0 → 1 transition in 1H79Br.
By rearranging the equation, we have B = Δν / (2(J + 1)). To calculate B, we need the transition frequency and the quantum number J. Since we are considering the J = 0 → 1 transition, the quantum number J is 0.
Substituting the given values into the formula, we have B = 500.7216 GHz / (2(0 + 1)). Simplifying the expression gives us B = 500.7216 GHz / 2.
Evaluating the expression, we find B = 250.3608 GHz. Therefore, the correct answer is option c: 250.3608 GHz.
Learn more about rotational energy here:
https://brainly.com/question/30459585
#SPJ11
A particle travels along a straight line with a constant acceleration. When s=4, v=14.23 and when s = 15,v= 20.59. Determine the velocity as a function of position
The velocity as a function of the position is v = 11.31 + (6.36 / 11) * t.
How to determine the velocity as a function of position?To estimate the velocity as a function of position, we shall use the equations of motion for uniformly accelerated motion.
Let:
s = the position of the particle
v = the velocity of the particle
a = the constant acceleration
Given:
When s = 4, v = 14.23
When s = 15, v = 20.59
We set up two equations using these values:
Equation 1: v² = u² + 2as
Equation 2: v = u + at
For the first set of values:
v₁ = 14.23
s₁ = 4
Applying Equation 2:
14.23 = u + 4a -----(3)
For the second set of values:
v₂ = 20.59
s₂ = 15
Using Equation 2:
20.59 = u + 15a -----(4)
Subtract Equation 3 from Equation 4:
20.59 - 14.23 = u + 15a - (u + 4a)
6.36 = 11a
a = 6.36 / 11
We substitute the value of a in Equation 3:
14.23 = u + 4 * (6.36 / 11)
14.23 = u + 2.92
Simplify:
u = 14.23 - 2.92
u = 11.31
So, the initial velocity (u) of the particle is 11.31 units.
Finally, we shall find the velocity (v) as a function of position (s) using Equation 2:
v = u + at
Putting the values of u and a:
v = 11.31 + (6.36 / 11) * t
Therefore, the velocity as a function of position (s) is:
v = 11.31 + (6.36 / 11) * t
Learn more about velocity at brainly.com/question/25905661
#SPJ4
Mark all the options that are true a. There is only movement when there is force b. The greater the force, the greater the acceleration C. Force and velocity always point in the same direction d. If t
The true statements among the given options are:
b. The greater the force, the greater the acceleration.
d. If the force is zero, the speed is constant. Option B and D are correct
a. There is only movement when there is force: This statement is not entirely true. According to Newton's first law of motion, an object will remain at rest or continue moving with a constant velocity (in a straight line) unless acted upon by an external force. So, in the absence of external forces, an object can maintain its state of motion.
b. The greater the force, the greater the acceleration: This statement is true. According to Newton's second law of motion, the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force applied to it and inversely proportional to its mass. Therefore, increasing the force applied to an object will result in a greater acceleration.
c. Force and velocity always point in the same direction: This statement is not true. The direction of force and velocity can be the same or different depending on the specific situation. For example, when an object is thrown upward, the force of gravity acts downward while the velocity points upward.
d. If the force is zero, the speed is constant: This statement is true. When the net force acting on an object is zero, the object will continue to move with a constant speed in a straight line. This is based on Newton's first law of motion, also known as the law of inertia.
e. Sometimes the speed is zero even if the force is not: This statement is true. An object can have zero speed even if a force is acting on it. For example, if a car experiences an equal and opposite force of friction, its speed can decrease to zero while the force is still present.
Therefore, Option B and D are correct.
Complete Question-
Mark all the options that are true:
a. There is only movement when there is force
b. The greater the force, the greater the acceleration
c. Force and velocity always point in the same direction
d. If the force is zero, the speed is constant.
e. Sometimes the speed is zero even if the force is not
To know more about acceleration, click here-
brainly.com/question/2303856
#SPJ11
A Camot engine performs work at the rate of 520 kW while using 920 kcal of heat per second. Constants Part A If the temperature of the heat source is 540 °C, at what temperature is the waste heat exhausted?
The correct answer is the waste heat is exhausted at a temperature of 267 °C.
The formula for calculating the thermal efficiency is:ɛ = W/Q. The power output is given as W = 520 kW. The rate of heat supply is given as Q = 920 kcal/s = 3.843×10^6 J/s.
The thermal efficiency can thus be calculated as: ɛ = W/Q= 520 kW / (3.843×10^6 J/s)= 0.135 or 13.5%.
The thermal efficiency is related to the temperature of the heat source and the temperature of the heat sink through the Carnot cycle efficiency equation, which is:ɛ = 1 − (Tc/Th) where Tc is the absolute temperature of the heat sink and Th is the absolute temperature of the heat source.
To find the temperature of the heat sink, we can rearrange this equation as:
Tc = Th − Th × ɛ
Tc = 540 °C − (540 + 273) K × 0.135
Tc = 267 °C
Thus, the waste heat is exhausted at a temperature of 267 °C.
know more about thermal efficiency
https://brainly.com/question/12950772
#SPJ11