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The two factors that affect the arrangement of particles in a substance are kinetic energies and intermolecular forces.

In chemistry, all the substances are composed of tiny particles which are in constant motion.

The substance which is made up of atoms, ions or molecules, all the particles possess kinetic energy and keep moving in all direction. On the other hand, intermolecular forces are also present in a substance which keeps the particles together within their boundaries and doesn't let them go far away. In this way substances maintain their shape, arrangement and properties.

In sum, two factors play a crucial role in maintaining the properties of a substance: Kinetic energy and intermolecular forces.

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When ocean water that is more dense (colder or saltier) is mixed with water that is less dense (warmer or less salty), the denser water will sink to the bottom and the less dense water will rise to the top. This is known as stratification, and it helps to create distinct layers in the ocean.

This stratification can create an environment that is more conducive to life, as it allows different types of organisms to inhabit different layers of the ocean.

The different layers of the ocean created by stratification play a significant role in the global climate system. Colder, denser waters are usually found at the bottom of the ocean, while warmer, less dense waters are found near the surface.

This temperature difference creates a natural convection system that drives currents throughout the ocean, which helps to regulate temperatures on a global scale. Additionally, stratification can also affect the amount of oxygen in the ocean.

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The ratio of the container with PHe: PAr will be given as= 12.2/1

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The ratio of PHe: PAr will be given as= 12.2/1

All pressures present in a reference system are added together to get the total pressure, or ptot. Bernoulli (see Fluid mechanics) defined this pressure as the sum of the static pressure (p), geodetic component (g, z) and dynamic pressure (pdyn), that exist in a fluid along with a stream line in a frictionless flow. The pascal (Pa), often known as kilograms per square meter per second (kg/m1s2), is the SI unit of pressure. Before 1971, pressure in SI was expressed in terms of newtons per square meter. You have static pressure, while a fluid is stationary or when you are moving with it. You would feel an equal amount of air pressure from all the sides.

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According to the stoichiometry of the given chemical equation,2.66 moles of aluminium oxide are formed when 4 moles of oxygen reacts.

It is the determination of proportions of elements or compounds in a chemical reaction. The related relations are based on law of conservation of mass and law of combining weights and volumes.

Stoichiometry is used in quantitative analysis for measuring concentrations of substances present in the sample.

As 3 moles  of oxygen gives 2 moles of aluminium oxide, thus, 4 moles of oxygen will give 4×2/3=2.66 moles.

Thus, 2.66 moles of aluminium oxide are formed when 4 moles of oxygen reacts.

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Answer:

The plum pudding model of the atom agreed with the nuclear model

Explanation:

Answer:

D) Thomson discovered the atom contained negatively charged electrons.

Explanation:

Without previous discoveries such as the electron, Rutherford would not have generated his nuclear model. So, Thomson had to discover the atom contained negatively charged electrons first.

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Decomposition of one mole of magnesium carbonate (84 g) produces one mole of magnesium oxide (40 g). Thus, 1280 g of magnesium carbonate will produce 609 g of MgO.

Magnesium carbonate is an ionic compound formed by donation of two electrons from magnesium metal to the carbonate group.

The decomposition reaction of magnesium carbonate is written below:

[tex]\rm MgCO_{3} \rightarrow MgO + CO_{2}[/tex]

As per this reaction, one mole of magnesium carbonate produces one mole of MgO.

molar mass of MgCO₃ = 84 g/mol

molar mass of MgO = 40 g/mol

84 g of  MgCO₃  gives 40 g of MgO. Then the mass of MgO produced by 1280 g of MgCO₃  is:

mass of MgO = (1280 × 40)/84 = 609 g.

Therefore, the mass of MgO produced is 609 g.

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The Kp of the reaction as it has been shown is 2.9 × 10^3 Option A

We know that the equilibrium constant is the constant that has to do with the ease with which the reactants that are in the system can be converted into the products. In this case we have been given the reaction equation as it has been shown in the question.

Let us all now bear in mind that the reaction ghat we have here is a gas phase reaction and since the reaction is a gas phase reaction the equilibrium constanta that has been given as K can also be written in terms of the partial pressures of the gasses that are present in the system and this ius the bed rock of the answer that we woulod give above. The Kp can now be written as a scientific notation as shown above.

Then;

kp = Kc/(RT)^∆n

Kp = equilibrium constant using pressure

Kc = equilibrium constant using concentration

R = gas constant

T = temperature

n= difference in number of moles

Kp = 0.31/(0.082 × 1173)^-2

Kp = 2.9 × 10^3

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[tex]NH_{4} Br[/tex](aq ) is expected to have a Ph less than 7 as on dissociation the following constituents will separate

[tex]NH_{4} Br[/tex]    +  [tex]H_{2}O[/tex]    → [tex]NH_{4} OH[/tex](weak base)    +   [tex]HBr[/tex] (strong acid)

A weak base is a strong acid hence B is  correct

[tex]LiNO_{3}[/tex] It is a salt of a strong base and weak acid hence basic  and a PH greater than 7

[tex]MgCl_{2}[/tex]it is a salt of a strong base and strong acid hence a neutral solution of PH 7

[tex]RbCH_{2} H_{3} O_{2}[/tex] It is a salt of a strong base and weak acid hence basic  and a PH greater than 7

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Answer:

In a solution, the solute particles that are in the solvent are evenly mixed and so small that you can't see them. In a suspension, the pieces of solute are large and can be seen floating throughout the solvent. For example, dust floating through the air is a suspension.

Diene is a type of organic compound that contains two double bonds between two carbon atoms.

What are Atoms?

Atoms are the smallest particle of any element that still maintains the properties of that element. Atoms are made up of a nucleus surrounded by one or more electrons. The nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons, and the electrons orbit around the nucleus. Atoms of different elements have different numbers of protons, neutrons, and electrons, which is what gives them their unique properties.

Diene is a conjugated molecule, meaning that its double bonds alternate with single bonds. Diene molecules are used in a variety of chemical reactions, including the formation of polymers and the synthesis of pharmaceuticals.

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Answer:

[H+] is 5.62×10-9

Explanation:

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Answer:

Hey there! The nuclear symbol for an ion with a charge of +220 protons and 24 neutrons would be written as follows:

220+ 24

The symbol consists of two parts: the atomic number (220+) and the atomic mass (24). The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, and it is represented by a superscript on the left side of the symbol. The atomic mass is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus, and it is represented by a subscript on the right side of the symbol.

In this case, the atomic number of the ion is 220, which indicates that it has 220 protons in its nucleus. The atomic mass is 24, which indicates that it has a total of 220 protons + 24 neutrons = 244 particles in its nucleus.

________________________________________________________

Nuclear symbols are a way of writing down the important information about atoms and ions in a short and easy-to-read format. They usually consist of two parts: the atomic number and the atomic mass. The atomic number tells us how many protons an atom has in its nucleus, and the atomic mass tells us the total number of protons and neutrons. For example, the nuclear symbol for carbon is 6 12C, which tells us that carbon has 6 protons and 12 particles (6 protons + 6 neutrons) in its nucleus.

To determine the number of protons in an atom or ion, we can look at its atomic number, which is usually written as a superscript on the left side of the nuclear symbol. For example, if the nuclear symbol for an atom or ion is written as 6 12C, we can tell that it has 6 protons. To determine the number of neutrons, we can subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass. For example, if the atomic mass is 12 and the atomic number is 6, then the number of neutrons is 12 - 6 = 6. To determine the number of electrons, we can just look at the overall charge of the atom or ion. If it is neutral, then it will have the same number of protons and electrons. If it is positive or negative, then it will have more or fewer electrons than protons, respectively.

Answer:

c. is the answer

Explanation:

c. Pascal principal

The majority of Europeans at the time had never heard of coal, which Marco Polo described as "black stones...which burn like logs."

Initially, charcoal was utilized in the production process, which caused extensive deforestation in northern China. However, coal had fully replaced charcoal by the end of the 11th century.

They do indeed have an abundance of firewood. However, due to the massive population and the large number of bathhouses and baths that are continually being heated, it would be impossible to supply enough firewood, as everyone takes a bath at least three times each week, and in the winter, if they can, every day. Since every man of rank and means has a bathroom of his own at home, the abundance and low cost of these stones result in significant wood savings.

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Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, a amount of 5.4 moles of oxygen are necessary to react completely with 7.2 moles of hydrogen.

In first place, the balanced reaction is:

C₃H₈ + 3 O₂  → 3 CO₂ + 4 H₂

By reaction stoichiometry, the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:

The following rule of three is used: If by reaction stoichiometry 4 moles of H₂ are produced by 3 moles of O₂, 7.2 moles of H₂ are produced by how many moles of O₂?

moles of O₂= (7.2 moles of H₂×3 moles of O₂)÷ 4 moles of H₂

moles of O₂= 5.4 moles

Finally, 5.4 moles of oxygen are required.

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TSO-C129 and TSO-C196 refer to non-WAAS GPS systems. TSO-C146 refers to WAAS-enabled GPS systems. If non-WAAS GPS is used for navigation and instrument approaches, all required alternate airports must have non-GPS approved operational instrument approach procedures.

TSO-C129 - Airborne Auxiliary Navigation Sensor for Global Positioning System equipment with airborne extensions. TSO-C196 – Auxiliary airborne navigation sensor for GPS units with airborne augmentation.

TSO certification means minimum performance standards for certain materials, parts and equipment used in commercial aircraft. Authorization to manufacture materials, parts, or equipment in accordance with TSO standards is referred to as TSO authorization.

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On this scenario, the US may consume more than its PPC by specializing in cheese and swapping it for Italian tomatoes.

Italy’s cheese output is lower than that of the United States.Italy cannot consume cheese other than PPC unless these products are supplied by another nation. Through an exchange deal with Italy, the United States can enjoy tomatoes in addition to PPC. Because cheese production in the United States is substantially higher than in Italy, we may assume that the United States can offer this commodity to other nations without jeopardizing its consumption. However, tomato output in the United States is the same as in Italy, but because the United States is a larger country than Italy, tomato consumption in the country may be affected.

As a result, if tomatoes are obtained from another nation, tomato consumption in the United States may surpass the PPC of tomatoes. This may be accomplished through barter, with the United States supplying cheese to Italy and Italy supplying tomatoes to the United States.

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14 mean in C14 is C14 has atomic mass of 14.

The radioactive carbon isotope with the longest half-life, carbon-14, whose decay enables precise dating of archaeological artifacts. Six protons and eight neutrons make up the carbon-14 nucleus, giving it an atomic mass of 14. Additionally, the isotope is employed as a tracer to monitor specific carbon atoms as they undergo chemical or biological changes.

The 14 in C14  represents the number of neutrons and protons in the nucleus of that atom or we can called it atomic mass. Carbon-14: with 6 protons and 8 neutrons, and an atomic mass of 14,

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The reaction would have a Kp of  3.01 * 10^34. Option B

We know that the equilibrium constant of the reaction is the value that would be able to show us how much of the reactants that have been converted to products when the reaction has attained the point of equilibrium at a given temperature.

As such we would have that;

Kp= Kc (RT)^Δn

Kp = ?

Kc = 1.22 * 10^ 33

R = 0.082

T = 301 K

Then we have that;

Kp =  1.22 * 10^ 33(0.082 * 301)^ 1

Kp = 3.01 * 10^34

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Answer:

3.62

Explanation:

164 g is the molar mass of the gas that had passed through.

Effusion is defined as the pace at which a volume changes over time. We apply Graham's Law to determine the rate of gas diffusion. According to this law, the rate of a gas's effusion or diffusion is inversely related to the gas's molar mass squared.

[tex]\frac{Rate Gas 1}{Rate Gas 2}[/tex]=[tex]\frac{ \sqrt{MW gas 2} }{ \sqrt{MW gas 1} }[/tex]

Let gas 1 be Oxygen so  Molar mass = 32 g / mol

Let x be gas 2.  Molar mass = unknown

rate gas 1 = 7.41 ml/unit time

rate gas 2 = 3.47 ml / unit time

So, 7.41 / 3.47 = [tex]\frac{\sqrt{x} }{\sqrt{36} }[/tex]

2.135 = s[tex]\frac{\sqrt{x} }{\sqrt{36} }[/tex]

 [tex]\sqrt{x}[/tex] = 12.81

so, x = 164 = molar mass of unknown gas

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Answer:

False

Explanation:

The increase in the temperature of a liquid also increases the rate of evaporation, as the same for the other way around.  As intermolecular force increase rate of evaporation decreases. This happens because intermolecular force make it less likely for the molecules on the surface to escape from liquid and become vapour gas. As temperature increases rate of evaporation increases.

A tiny amount of weak hydrochloric acid is mixed with a quantity of marble chips (CaCO3), to decrease the rate of reaction we do decreasing the surface area of the marble chips, decreasing conc. HCL and many more.

Several ways are:-

1. Decreasing the surface area of the marble chips: By breaking the marble chips into smaller pieces, the surface area that is available for the acid to react with is reduced, slowing down the reaction.

2. Decreasing the concentration of the hydrochloric acid: By using a less concentrated solution of hydrochloric acid, the number of acid molecules available to react with the marble chips is reduced, slowing down the reaction.

3. Increasing the temperature: By performing the reaction at a lower temperature, the kinetic energy of the acid and marble chip molecules is reduced, slowing down the rate of collision between them, which slows down the reaction.

4. Using a catalyst: Addition of a catalyst to the reaction can change the reaction mechanism and decrease the activation energy needed for the reaction to occur, thus slowing down the reaction.

5. Using an inhibitor: An inhibitor is a substance that slows down the reaction by binding to the enzyme or catalytic site and preventing the substrate from binding.

It's important to note that these methods may also affect the overall yield of the reaction, so it's essential to use the appropriate method(s) for the specific experiment and goals.

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Answer:

m=175

Explanation:

100/16 = 6.25

6.25x28 = 175

Answer: To solve this equation for m, you can divide both sides of the equation by 0.16. This will give you:

m = 28 / 0.16

Simplifying the right side of the equation gives:

m = 175

Therefore, m = 175.

Explanation:

There is one sigma as well as one pi bond in a double bond.

Sigma bonds and pi bonds are the two types of covalent bonds. Sigma bonds are formed when there is an end-to-end overlapping of the atomic orbitals. A pi bond is formed when there is a lateral or a side-by-side overlapping of the atomic orbitals.

The sigma bonds are represented by a "σ" symbol and pi bonds are represented by "π" symbol. One sigma bond is there in a single bond. A double bond contains one sigma as well as one pi bond. A triple bond has one sigma as well as two pi bonds.

--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is

"List the number of sigma bonds and pi bonds in a double bond. Group of answer choices 2 sigma, 0 pi 1 sigma, 2 pi 1 sigma, 1 pi 2 sigma, 3pi, 1pi 1 sigma."--

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The three types of elements are metals, non-metals as well as metalloids, there are placed in a periodic table.

In a periodic table, metals are placed in s-block and d-block. While non-metals as well as metalloids are placed in p-block. Metals are generally lustrous, malleable as well ductile in nature and are usually hard in nature while non-metals lack these properties. Metalloids are the elements whose chemical as well as physical properties lies between both metals and non-metals. Examples of metals are sodium and potassium. Examples of non-metals are carbon and phosphorus while examples of metalloids are silicon and germanium.

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The atomic number of Potassium(K) is 19

Knowing the number of electrons in the K atom is necessary before we can write the potassium(K) electron configuration.

There are 19 electrons. All 19 electrons will be positioned in orbitals surrounding the nucleus of the potassium(k) atom when the configuration is written.

there are some steps:

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The mass of the object compared to its volume

The density of an item is defined as its mass divided by its volume. Density is commonly expressed in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm3). Remember that grams are a unit of mass and cubic centimeters are a unit of volume (the same volume as 1 milliliter).

When multiplying or dividing, the result should have the same number of significant digits as the number in the computation that has the fewest. This is the volume measurement with only two sig figs in this case, hence the density should be given as 2.9 g/cm3. The density of an item is the ratio of its mass to its volume. Density is defined as density = mass/volume, or D = m/v.

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The methods used to monitor a reaction as it occurs in the reaction flask are d) all the above

A polarimeter is an analytical hardware component that measures the polarization of light and is used to analyze the optical activity of chemicals. Optical activity refers to the ability of a material to rotate polarized light and the extent to which such a phenomenon occurs.

A spectrometer is one of the scientific instrument/method used to separate and measure the spectral components of physical phenomena. A spectrometer is a broad term often used to describe an instrument that measures a continuous variable of a phenomenon whose spectral components are mixed in some way.

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Mass (often measured in grams) & volume are the two characteristics in this module through which we will create unit components to do statistical approach using different chemicals .

Chemical substances come in three different forms: elements, compounds, and mixtures. Elements are basically chemicals that don't contain any other substances. In this sense, elements are the fundamental constituents of chemical composition.

The component can be an isotope or a combination if it is pure. If a substance can be divided into its component elements, it is a compound. If a substance is not chemically pure, it is either a heterogeneous mixture or even a heterogeneous mixture. If the composition remains the same throughout, the combination is homogeneous.

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