Pls help me it’s due today at 11:59

Answers

Answer 1

The component of a vaccine that makes it effective is the antigen.

What is a Vaccine?

A vaccine is basically a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease. It contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins or one of its surface proteins. Vaccines are designed to stimulate the body's own immune system to protect the person against subsequent infection or disease.

11) An antigen is a substance that causes the body to produce antibodies when it enters the body. These antibodies help the body recognize and fight the antigen if it enters the body again.

12) A vaccination is a way of introducing a weakened or killed version of a particular virus, bacteria, or toxin into the body. This weak or dead version of the virus, bacteria, or toxin stimulates the body's natural defense system to produce antibodies that are specific to that virus, bacteria, or toxin. These antibodies can then recognize and fight off the real virus, bacteria, or toxin if the body is ever exposed to it, thus preventing the individual from getting the disease. This is known as active immunity. The immunity created by the vaccination is typically long-lasting, and in many cases, lifelong.

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Related Questions

(RrYy x RrYy), how many of the offspring will be dominant for both traits?

Answers

9 of the offsprings will be dominant for both traits in the above dihybrid cross.

What is a dihybrid cross?

A dihybrid cross is a cross between two individuals with two observed traits that are controlled by two distinct genes.

Gregor Johann Mendel known as the father of genetics was the first person to discover the basic principles of heredity during the mid-19th century.

In a dihybrid cross between two parents that are heterozygous for both traits, the cross will result in four different combinations of seeds in the F2 generation as follows:

wrinkled-yellow round-yellowwrinkled-greenround-green

These offsprings are in the phenotypic ratio of 9:3:3:1 where 9 represents the offsprings dominant for both traits.

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Photosynthesis is the critical process for life to exist. On Earth, it is certainly the
fundamental biological process that all forms of life rely on. This is a process is
carried out by most plants, algae, and some cyanobacteria. The process has
these organisms take in carbon dioxide, water, and minerals. Then with the help of
sunlight it creates sugars that provide the organism nourishment and life-giving
oxygen.
What is the main idea of the above passage?

Answers

Answer: Photosynthesis is the critical process for life to exist.

Explanation:

The main idea is on the first line.

You can see all the information afterwards are leading to the explanation of the process of photosynthesis.

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Homologous recombination can be used in the lab to replace a gene of interest with a selection marker. To confirm that the selection marker is integrated into the correct place in the genome, sometimes a negative selection is used in addition to the standard positive selection marker. Which of the following would act as a negative selection marker?

a. Transformation of a different gene, which does not act as a selection marker, to replace the gene of interest.â
b. A second marker in the knock out cassette, that if inserted into the genome results in cell death when plated on selective media.
c. Transforming the cells with two different knock out cassettes, each containing the same selection marker3. â

Answers

Answer:

b. A second marker in the knock-out cassette, that if inserted into the genome results in cell death when plated on selective media.

Explanation:

General recombination, also known as homologous recombination, refers to the naturally occurring process of exchange of genetic material between pairs of homologous DNA sequences. This process (homologous recombination) can be exploited by genetic engineering to insert DNA segments of interest at target genes. Moreover, a cassette is a mobile DNA segment containing almost a gene and a recombination site, which is integrated into the locus/loci of interest by homologous recombination. A cassette may contain a DNA segment called 'negative marker' which prevents growth under particular conditions, while a positive marker permits growth under certain conditions. In consequence, a second marker consisting of a drug cassette may be used as a negative marker in order to evidence its insertion by inducing cell death when they are plated in selective conditions.

How did the probabilities of yellow seeds and green seeds compare with each other?

Answers

Answer:

the yellow Seed is dominated to the green seats

Explanation:

the heterozygous yellow Seeded plant will have the genotype you and the green seeded plant with have yy if this to plants are crossed the

result of F1 generation will be two yy ( yellow seeds )

and two yy( green seeds) the probability of the Offspring will be 50:50

Answer:

the yellow Seed is dominated to the green seats

Explanation:

This is an example of a squirrel population

Answers

An example of a squirrel population would be a group of Eastern Gray Squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis) living in a city park.

What is an examples of squirrel population?

An example of a squirrel population would be a group of Eastern Gray Squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis) living in a city park. Scientists may study the population dynamics and ecology of this group of squirrels by conducting surveys and capturing and marking individual squirrels to track them over time. This can provide information on their survival rates, reproduction, and movements, which can be used to estimate the size and growth rate of the population, as well as identify any factors that may be impacting the population, such as disease, predation, or habitat loss.

Additionally, scientists may also conduct transects, or study the population density, distribution of the squirrels in a specific area and the food resources that are available to them, as well as monitor the environmental factors that might affect the population growth.

Another example could be a population of Fox Squirrels (Sciurus niger) living in a rural forest. Here, researchers may study the impacts of logging and fragmentation on their population dynamics and genetic diversity, and understand how these animals are utilizing different food resources throughout the year.

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the surface area to volume ratio determines the rate of transfer across the cell membrane.
what has the best transfer rate?
A: Smaller cells with a high surface area to volume ratio have the best transfer rates
B: Medium sized cells are the best for transfer rates

Answers

Answer:the answer is a

Explanation: I just answered it

Smaller cells with a high surface area to volume ratio have the best transfer rates, hence option A is correct.

What is cell membrane?

All cells have a cell membrane, also known as a plasma membrane, which separates the interior of the cell from the external environment. A semipermeable lipid bilayer makes up the cell membrane.

The movement of materials into and out of the cell is controlled by the cell membrane.

A small volume is better in terms of efficiency of transporting molecules throughout the cell, but a large surface area is better for transporting molecules across the cell membrane.

A surface area to volume ratio regulates cell size because as cells become larger, they have less surface area relative to their size.

Therefore, smaller cells with a high surface area to volume ratio have the best transfer rates, hence option A is correct.

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PLEASE HELP ME I WILL GIVE THE BRAINLIEST AWNSER +40

03.05 The Atmosphere and You Guided Notes

Objectives:

In the lesson you will:

describe the composition and structure of the Earth's atmosphere

describe the functions of the five main layers of Earth's atmosphere

explain how Earth's atmosphere (including the ozone layer) protects life and insulates the planet

discuss the effects of global warming and ozone depletion

Big Ideas:

Key Questions and Terms

Notes

What is the atmosphere?

It is the layer around earth that keeps gas in earth.

What gases make up the composition of the atmosphere?

Make a mnemonic sentence to remember the layers of the atmosphere.

What are the functions of each layer of the atmosphere?

What layer of the atmosphere has breathable air?

In what layer of the atmosphere is the ozone layer found?

What is the warmest layer of the atmosphere?

What is the coldest layer of the atmosphere?

In what layer of the atmosphere would you find satellites?

How does the ozone layer protect Earth?

What is ozone?

When does ozone become a pollutant?

Where is protective ozone located? Where is harmful ozone located?

How could a hole in the ozone layer affect humans?

Where are chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) found? Why were they banned?

How does the atmosphere help insulate Earth?

What is the greenhouse effect?

What are greenhouse gases? Why are they important?

How are human activities affecting global warming?

Name three types of greenhouse gases. What types of human activities produce these particular gases?

What are some effects of global warming?

What does the term “climate change” refer to?

What is desertification?

What is a carbon footprint? What are some actions you can take to reduce your carbon footprint?

What are some of the results of too much sun exposure?

What are some ways you can protect yourself from harmful sun exposure?

Answers

Answer:

ozone is a pale blue gas which is made up of three oxygen atoms.

hole in ozone layer affect humans

bcoz harmful uv rays are entered through the hole which is dangerous to human's skin and health.

cfc are found in industries.

the trapping of the sun's warmth in a planet's lower atmosphere, due to the greater transparency of the atmosphere to visible radiation from the sun than to infrared radiation emitted from the planet's surface is called green house effect

the main gases responsible for the greenhouse effect are greenhouse gases. they are important bescause Greenhouse gases keep our planet livable by holding onto some of Earth's heat energy so that it doesn't all escape into space.

effects of global warming:

1) climate change

2) melting of glacier

3) acid rain

climate change refers to the variation of the earths global or regional climate over a long period of time because of changes in environment

desertification is the process by which fertile land becomes desert, typically as a result of drought, deforestation, or inappropriate agriculture.

Answer:

Explanation:

If you weigh 60 pounds on earth, you would weigh blank pounds on the moon

Answers

you would weigh about 10 pounds

Give organism a name. Give it a common name AND a scientific name.
Write a short description to describe your organism’s evolution and showcase its key traits.

Answers

Answer:

My organism is called the Red Panda (Ailurus fulgens). It is a mammal native to the eastern Himalayas and southwestern China. The Red Panda is the only living species of its genus, Ailurus, and is closely related to the Giant Panda, although it has a much more specialized diet. It is an excellent climber and has a thick, woolly coat to help keep it warm in its cold mountain habitat.

The Red Panda has evolved over time to become more specialized in its diet and habitat. Its thick fur helps to keep it warm in the cold mountain environment, while its long, bushy tail helps it balance while climbing trees. Its diet consists mainly of bamboo, but it also eats fruits, eggs, and small animals. Its sharp claws and teeth help it to break open bamboo stalks and to defend itself against predators.

Explanation:

The second word in a scientific name is

a. all of the above
b. an adjective describing the species
c. the same for other members of the same species
d. in Latin

Answers

an adjective describing the species

Answer: c. the same for other members of the same species

Explanation: Just trust me.

What role do neurons serve within the nervous system? Why is it so important?

Answers

Answer:

Neurons are electrically excitable cells that transmit information throughout the nervous system. They are the basic building blocks of the nervous system and perform a variety of functions, including receiving and sending signals, processing information, and controlling movement.

The nervous system is responsible for coordinating the body's activities and responding to its environment. without neurons, the nervous system would not be able to function properly. Neurons are essential for survival and play a vital role in our health and well-being.

Which kind of light do plants use to make energy in photosynthesis?
A. Radio waves
B. Visible Light
C. Infrared Light
D. Ultraviolet Light

Answers

Answer:

B. Visible Light

Explanation:

The best wavelengths for photosynthesis fall within the blue range (425-450 nm) and red range (600-700 nm).

In what process do Cell Obtain energy from sugar molecules?

Answers

Answer:

Through the process of cellular respiration

Explanation:

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Please help!

1.) Explain why the term cycle is used to describe the biogeochemical cycles.

2.) Compare and contrast the carbon and nitrogen cycles. Specifically, identify which happens when either exists in very large quantities in the environment.

Answers

1.) The term "cycle" is used to describe the biogeochemical cycles because these processes involve the circulation of elements or compounds through the environment in a continuous loop. For example, the carbon cycle involves the circulation of carbon through the atmosphere, oceans, and land, as it is taken up by plants and animals and then released back into the environment through processes such as respiration, decay, and combustion. Similarly, the nitrogen cycle involves the circulation of nitrogen through the atmosphere, soil, and living organisms, as it is converted from one form to another through processes such as nitrogen fixation and denitrification. The use of the term "cycle" helps to convey the idea that these processes are interconnected and ongoing, rather than being a one-time event.

2.) The carbon cycle and the nitrogen cycle are similar in that they both involve the circulation of elements through the environment, but they differ in the specific elements they involve and the processes through which they circulate. The carbon cycle involves the circulation of carbon through the atmosphere, oceans, and land, while the nitrogen cycle involves the circulation of nitrogen through the atmosphere, soil, and living organisms.

One key difference between the carbon cycle and the nitrogen cycle is the way in which these elements exist in very large quantities in the environment. When carbon exists in very large quantities in the environment, it can contribute to greenhouse gas emissions and contribute to climate change. On the other hand, when nitrogen exists in very large quantities in the environment, it can lead to problems such as eutrophication, which occurs when excess nitrogen in waterways leads to an overgrowth of algae and other aquatic plants. This can lead to decreased oxygen levels in the water, which can harm or kill aquatic life.

explain how the huge reduction of a Tasmanian devil population since 1996 affects the accessibility of the current population to new diseases in comparison with accessibility of population before 1996?

Answers

Answer:

In the past two decades, this species has experienced severe population decline due to the emergence of devil facial tumor disease (DFTD), a transmissible cancer. During these 20 years, scientists have puzzled over the immunological and evolutionary responses by the Tasmanian devil to this transmissible cancer

Which of the following is directly responsible for an orgasm?

Answers

Answer:

ERECTION

Explanation:

Select the correct answer.
Which is an example of dehydration synthesis?

A. DNA synthesis from nucleotides
B. conversion of proteins into its amino acids
C. conversion of lipids into fatty acids

Answers

c
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Increased biodiversity results in a more sustainable ecosystem because -

Answers

Answer: Because, the higher biodiversity in an ecosystem means that there is a greater variety of genes and species in that ecosystem, and stability. It makes an ecosystem more sustainable because of the food web being stronger and the organisms providing a wide variety of functions.

I hope I answered you correctly and that it helps, I'm sorry if its wrong. Good Luck!

Explanation:

Each day the moon rises later by approximately one hour because the:
A)Earth revolves round the Sun in 365 days.
B)Earth rotates 360 degrees on its axis in twenty-four hours.
Moon rotates 360 degrees on its own axis in twenty seven days
D)Moon's position shifts everyday due to its revolution around the Earth.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

The moon moves to the East each day (about 15⁰) in its orbit around the Earth, which takes a total of 27.3 days. The moons orbit around Earth is a complete circle, which is 360⁰. It takes approximately 1 hour each day for the Earth to catch up to the moon, delaying it's rising by 1 hour.

True or False: There are about the same number of vertebrate species as invertebrates.
A
True
B
False

Answers

Answer:

False

Explanation:

The number of vertebrate species are more...

Which of these actions would be controlled by the somatic nervous division of the peripheral nervous system?

A. Blood vessel dialation

B. Movement of food down the esophagus

C. Opening and closing of the eyes

D.Opening and closing of the pupils

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

where can you plant a mango tree

•hill
•slope
•valley
•plain

Answers

The answer is slopes

Mangos are a fruit that need warm conditions to grow. Much of the plains experience cold winters and warm summers In the northern hemisphere a south-facing slope (more open to sunlight and warm winds) will therefore generally be warmer and drier due to higher levels of evapotranspiration than a north-facing slope. In the southern hemisphere, the sun tends to be in the northern half of the sky, so a north-facing slope will be warmer.

please answer it please

Answers

Answer:

7-d

8-b

9-?

10-b

11-c

12-?

13-b

Explanation:

Just bs it and put random answers ahahaha

the illustration shows a model of the transport of soute particles from outside the cell to inside the cell. what type of cell transport is modeled

Answers

Answer:

The illustration shows a model of the active transport of solute particles from outside the cell to inside the cell.

Explanation:

Active Transport is defined as a process involving the movement of molecules from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration against a gradient or an obstacle with the use of external energy.

This process is “active” because it requires the use of energy (usually in the form of ATP). It is the opposite of passive transport.

An example is the phagocytosis of bacteria by Macrophages.

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5
Select the correct answer.
Which term defines a well-supported, explanation of an occurrence of a natural phenomenon?
A.
hypothesis
B. bias
C. observation
D. theory

Please help me

Answers

Answer: the answer is D a theory

Explanation: Because it has strong evidence backing the claims it makes

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Answers

Answer:

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Crictually evaluate the hallmarks of cancer?

Answers

Answer:

We define seven hallmarks of cancer: selective growth and proliferative advantage, altered stress response favoring overall survival, vascularization, invasion and metastasis, metabolic rewiring, an abetting microenvironment, and immune modulation, while highlighting some considerations for the future of the field.

The life activity known as synthesis is chiefly characterized by the:
A) Distribution of essential compounds throughout an organism.
B) Production of complex molecules from simpler ones.
C) Elimination of waste products from the organism.
D) Regulation of physiological activities.

Answers

Answer:

B) Production of complex molecules from simpler ones.

Explanation:

Synthesis is the process of combining simpler molecules to form more complex ones. This can occur through various chemical reactions within an organism. The other choices do not accurately describe the process of synthesis.

A) Distribution of essential compounds throughout an organism - This refers to the transport of essential molecules within an organism, rather than the production of complex molecules from simpler ones.

C) Elimination of waste products from the organism - This refers to the removal of waste products, rather than the production of complex molecules.

D) Regulation of physiological activities - This refers to the control of physiological processes, rather than the production of complex molecules.

After classical conditioning has occurred, if the conditioned stimulus (tone) is repeatedly presented alone, without the unconditioned stimulus (food), the conditioned response (salivation) will
Group of answer choices

generalize.

discriminate.

strengthen.

weaken.

Answers

Answer:generalize

Explanation:

After classical conditioning has occurred, if the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented alone, without the unconditioned stimulus, the conditioned response will WEAKEN.

Classical conditioning refers to a class of learning that occurs unconsciously.

Moreover, conditioned stimuli are previously neutral responses that drive conditioned responses after their association with unconditioned stimuli.

Extinction refers to the process in which a conditioned stimulus is applied repeatedly, but without being paired with its corresponding unconditioned stimulus.

In conclusion, after classical conditioning has occurred, if the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented alone, without the unconditioned stimulus, the conditioned response will WEAKEN.

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Explain the effects of the use of antibodies in the control of a disease?????

Answers

Answer:

Antibodies have three main functions: 1) Antibodies are secreted into the blood and mucosa, where they bind to and inactivate foreign substances such as pathogens and toxins (neutralization). 2) Antibodies activate the complement system to destroy bacterial cells by lysis (punching holes in the cell wall).

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What is the distance between (-5, 2) and (-9,2)? Key the following sentences. Type your own condensed phrase of essential words in the space beneath the sentence. "During those years he became an agent for several colonies. . . " What is the inverse of [tex]f(x) = \sqrt{x} + 6[/tex]for [tex]x \geqslant 0[/tex]?A: [tex]f(x) = (x - 6) {}^{2} [/tex]B: [tex]f(x) = x {}^{2} - 6[/tex]C: [tex]f(x) = x {}^{2} + 6[/tex]D: [tex]f(x) = \sqrt{x + 6} [/tex] A major theme of The Crucible is that human beings stand up for what they believe in and steadfastly support each other even through difficulttimes. Give two examples of how this theme is developed in the play. Runoff from farms that use fertilizers is entering a small lake. This will most directly affect the lake by causingA the lake to dry up.Balgae to grow in the lake.water in the lake to become solid.Dthe lake to become deeper. Given that XV = 11 and XQ = 3, is X the incenter or the circumcenter of /? Find XR. A. circumcenter; XR = 3 B. incenter; XR = 3 C. circumcenter; XR = 11 D. incenter; XR = 11 Resting Membrane Potential Fill in the blank...At rest, the cell membrane of a neuron is___have actively transported more____outside the cell, and more____inside the cell.This creates gradients the ions will later move along through____Because the outside of the neuron is more____charged and the inside is more____charged, a voltage difference of _____mVis created. This is called the resting membrane potential.The fill in words:PositivityNegativelyDiffusionSodiumPolarizedSodium-potassium pumpsPotassium hellllllllpzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz ___________ characters is the average character length that will appear on a mobile device for your email. Were the new Latin American nations better off as independent states than they had been under colonial rule? Why or why not? Which of the following describes alkenes?A. organic compounds that are recognized by no bonds that are present in their chemical structureB. organic compounds that are recognized by the single bonds that are present in their chemical structureC. organic compounds that are recognized by the double bonds that are present in their chemical structureD. organic compounds that are recognized by the triple bonds that are present in their chemical structure What is you favorite Fast Food restaurant and what do you like to get there? (.Free .Points) Some scientists believe that life on Earth began about 3.5 billion years ago. What do they base this belief on? According to our new annual plan we .....setup an oversees subsidiary by march,2020 Which of the following objects will exert the greatest gravitational force on a box, if the distance between them remains the same? 2 kg mass 4 kg mass 6 kg mass 8 kg mass 3 1/2 x 1 1/2 as a mixed number in simplest form Approximately how many plant made pharmaceuticals are currently under different stages of discovery? a. 100 b. 200 c. 300 d. 400 please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d Round 0.09305085 to the nearest hundredth 4) It was recommended that the trees be planted 10 feet apart. The school chose to plant the first tree 15 feet away from the property line fence and then to space the trees 10 feet apart accordingly. Write a linear equation with y representing the total distance (in ft.) away from the property line fence and x representing the number of trees used. a) Write another linear equation for this situation but use a different form. b) Graph the situation described in question #4. Line e has a slope of -7/3. Line f is parallel to line e. What is the slope of line f?