Suppose we were successful in identifying 12 mutants using a screen for identifying conditional mutants of S. cerevisiae in which the secretory system was defective. Part A Describe the crosses you would perform to determine the number of different genes represented by the 12 mutations. Drag the terms on the left to the appropriate blanks on the right to complete the sentences. Terms can be used once, more than once, or not at all.
a. dominant
b. permissive
c. mutant
d. codominant
e. wild type
f. restrictive
g. recessive
Each mutant would be mated to ___ and to every other ____ to create diploid strains. The diploids would be assayed for growth at____ and restrictive temperature. Diploids formed by mating a mutant to a ____ that can grow at ____ temperatures identify the mutation as____ . Only ___ mutations can be studied using complementation analysis. Diploids formed by mating two ___ mutants identify mutations in the same gene if the diploid cannot grow at ___temperature (non-complementation), and they identify mutations in different genes if the diploids can grow at____ temperature (complementation).

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Each mutant would be mated to wild type and to every other mutant to create diploid strains. The diploids would be assayed for growth at permissive and restrictive temperature. Diploids formed by mating a mutant to a wild type that can grow at restrictive temperatures identify the mutation as recessive. Only recessive mutations can be studied using complementation analysis. Diploids formed by mating two recessive mutants identify mutations in the same gene if the diploid cannot grow at restrictive temperature (non-complementation), and they identify mutations in different genes if the diploids can grow at restrictive temperature (complementation).

Explanation:

Recessive mutations are those whose phenotypic effects are only visible in homo-zygous individuals. Moreover, a complementation test is a genetic technique used to determine if two different mutations associated with a phenotype colocalize in the same locus (i.e., they are alleles of the same gene) or affect two different loci.  In diploid (2n) organisms, this test is performed by crossing two homo-zygous recessive mutants and then observing whether offspring have the wild-type phenotype. When two different recessive mutations localize in different loci, they can be considered as 'complementary' since the heterozygote condition may rescue the function lost in homo-zygous recessive mutants. In consequence, when two recessive mutations are combined in the same genetic background (i.e., in the same individual) and they produce the same phenotype, it is possible to determine that both mutations are alleles of the same gene/locus.


Related Questions

Any physical or behavioral characteristic that an organism has developed
over time is

A) Adaptation
B) Evolution
C) Natural Selection
D) Species

Answers

Answer:

A) Adaptation

Explanation:

Which good container is suitable for transporting food

Answers

plastic tupperware containers

There are a lot of types of containers suitable for transporting food, depending on the specific needs and requirements such as:

Food Storage ContainersInsulated Food ContainersPlastic containers

Which good container is suitable for transporting food

Food storage containers are special containers made out of different materials like plastic, glass, or stainless steel.  They can be big or small and have different shapes. They usually have lids that seal tightly to stop things from leaking and keep the food fresh.

Insulated food containers are made to keep food warm or cool for a long time. They are usually created using materials that keep heat or cold inside, like foam or materials with two layers of walls, to keep the temperature just right. Insulated food containers are great for keeping your hot soups, stews, or cold salads at the right temperature when you need to take them somewhere.

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Before the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, most peppered moths found in and around Manchester, England, exhibited light-colored wings speckled with black. After the Industrial Revolution, peppered moths with dark wings became predominant in the area.

Answers

Answer:

B : Evolution

What does genetic modification do

Answers

Answer: Altering the genetic makeup of an organism.

Explanation:

Genetic modification is the process of altering the genetic makeup of an organism. This has been done indirectly for thousands of years by controlled, or selective, breeding of plants and animals. Modern biotechnology has made it easier and faster to target a specific gene for more-precise alteration of the organism through genetic engineering.

Hope Helps!

Answer:

Please read below:

Explanation:

Genetic modification, also known as genetic engineering or genetic manipulation, is the process of altering the genetic makeup of living organisms. This is done by manipulating the DNA of a living organism to create a desired outcome. It involves the introduction of foreign DNA into the organism, often from another species, in order to produce a desired trait. It is used in a wide range of applications, ranging from agriculture to medicine.

In agriculture, genetic modification is used to create crops with heightened resistance to pests, diseases, and adverse environmental conditions. It can also be used to increase crop yields, improve nutritional value, and reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers.

In medicine, genetic modification is used to create vaccines, improve the efficacy of existing drugs, and create treatments for genetic diseases. It is also used to create healthier food and beverages, as well as to create new materials with improved properties.

In biotechnology, genetic modification is used to create new products for use in research and industry. These products are often used to study diseases, develop new drugs, and create bioplastics and biofuels.

Genetic modification has been controversial since its inception, as it has been used to create genetically modified organisms (GMOs). These organisms, created through genetic modification, have the potential to disrupt natural ecosystems, as well as to cause health problems in humans. For this reason, the use of GMOs is heavily regulated in many countries, and the public is often divided on the issue.

Overall, genetic modification has the potential to revolutionize the way we produce food, create medicines, and develop new products. However, it is important to remember the ethical and environmental considerations that must be taken into account when using this technology.

how is predatory satiation an evolutionary adaption

Answers

Explanation:

If one species cannot then adapt an appropriate defense, they may go extinct. In this way, the predator prey relationship often forms an “evolutionary arms race”, in which eat species rapidly evolves to counter the oth

Which of these materials are organic? (Select all that apply.)
A. rock
B. leaf
C. clay
D. bacteria
(PICK MORE THAN ONE)

Answers

Answer:

All of them

Explanation:

Answer:

B. leaf and

D. bacteria

Explanation:

THINKING QUESTION
1. Isoamyl acetate, sometimes
popularly called "banana oil" is
one of the compounds responsible
for banana flavor. If an enzyme
called "bananase" makes Isoamy!
acetate from isoamyl alcohol,
could you make a strawberry taste
like a banana by putting the DNA
segment for the enzyme
"bananase" into a strawberry?

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is - no, you can not make a strawberry taste like a banana by putting the DNA  segment for the enzyme  "bananase" into a strawberry.

Explanation:

Enzymes are highly specific and they catalyze a particular reaction by making enzyme-substrate complex. In this case, Bananase also forms an enzyme-substrate complex with isoamyl alcohol substrate to convert into isoamyl acetate.

in strawberry the particular substrate isoamyl alcohol is not present and the other substrate that are present such as citric acid or malic acid can not bind to enzyme to convert into isoamyl acetate

PLSSSS YALLL
write 2-4 sentences about adaptations​

Answers

Answer:

1.) The adaptation of the Pulmonata to terrestrial life has entailed little modification of the internal organization.

2.) The short feet of the penguins are an adaptation.

3.) Progress is the result of adaptation, rather than reconstruction.

4.) It is an adaptation of hide-the-thimble.

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 a model of a change to the double strand of DNA molecule is shown here based on the illustration what describes the type of change and the effects of the change in the model of DNA select all answer choices that apply 

Answers

search sailesh xettri on messenger

Explanation:

bike pic guy

What was the diploid number for this individual

Answers

The photo is showing human karyotype. Haploid=n, diploid=2n. The picture shown 23 pair of chromosome which mean n=23. Therefore, diploid number of this individual is 46.

HELP LIMITED TIME ASAP!!!!!!!!!!
Using electricity sparingly in your home is beneficial for the
environment because it:

Select one:

1, increases the amount of greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere.

2, increases the rate of plant growth

3, increases levels of oxygen in the atmosphere.

4, reduces the amount of greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere.

Answers

Your requirement for electricity decreases as your home's energy efficiency rises, reducing your dependence on carbon-intensive power plants, and reducing the number of greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere, hence option 4 is correct.

How does electricity affect the greenhouse?

This lowers the plant's demand from your house, which helps the environment by lowering carbon dioxide emissions and lessening atmospheric emissions of greenhouse gases.

This rise is the result of the air's carbon and oxygen being combined to create CO2 during the burning of coal or oil.

Therefore, greenhouse gas concentrations have increased due to human activity, hence option 4 is correct.

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Help I am stuck on this question

Answers

All of an organism's characteristics are inheritable which evolves over millions of years. An example of this is the modern day horse's foot.

What is Evolution?

This is referred to as the change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations and it occurs as a result of the changing environmental conditions which boost the chances of survival of organisms.

This leads to the prevention of the extinction of species in the ecosystem and an example is modern day horse's foot in which they lost their side toes and developed a single hoof as a result of them needing to cover more ground for grazing.

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HELP PLISS

The existence of which group of organisms spans the shortest geologic time?


A)
birds

B)
humans

C)
dinosaurs

D)
placoderm fish

Answers

Answer:

Humans

Explanation: Human existence is new compared to all the other options spanning only a few years. We have not existed longer than any of the other species listed yet which may change in the far future.

The existence of which group of organisms spans the shortest geologic time is option b. humans.

What is the geologic time?

It is the time that should be occupied via the geologic earth history. It started from 4.0 billion to 2.5 billion years ago.

Here the human should be existence as compared to the other options.

hence, The existence of which group of organisms spans the shortest geologic time is option b. humans.

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A coefficient tells you how many ___
there are.

Answers

The coefficient tells you how many “MOLECULES” of that substance there is.

What major explanation did Charles Darwin provide?

A) The idea of speciation was first proposed by him.

B) He explained how ​DNA​ is passed on but did not have evidence of it occurring.

C) He was the first to provide an explanation of evolution supported by evidence.

D) He explained how turtles adapted to their environment.

Answers

Answer:

C) He was the first to provide an explanation of evolution supported by evidence.

Answer:

C) He was the first to provide an explanation of evolution supported by evidence.

Explanation: Took the test.

Biology please help grade 11th

Answers

Mutation may or may not affect the phenotype.

Cause: Point Mutation

Effect A: Altered Splice Site

Effect B: Lack of Regulation

Effect C: No Change

Effect D: Non-Coding Regions

Effect E: Premature Stop Codon

What is Mutation?

Mutation is the process of changing the genetic material of an organism. It is the basic process of evolution, and it can occur naturally or be artificially induced. Mutations can be beneficial, neutral, or harmful, and they can affect a single gene, multiple genes, or the entire genome.

A mutation can affect the phenotype, or visible characteristics, of an organism by changing the expression of a gene or by altering the structure of a gene product. Some mutations can have severe effects on an organism’s phenotype, while other mutations may have no noticeable effect. In some cases, a mutation may lead to a change in an organism’s phenotype without changing the underlying genetic code. For example, a mutation in a gene that regulates the expression of other genes may lead to a change in the expression of those other genes, resulting in a change to the phenotype.

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Which factor is most likely to cause a population's growth rate to decrease?
increase in birthrate
improvements in medical care
decrease in death rate
O high immigration out of the area

Answers

Answer:

it's the last one, everything else would be an increase in the population

Fill in the blank with the best choice. "Continued labor trouble contributes to poor
a. Morale
b. Morel
c. Moral

Answers

Answer:

a. Morale

Explanation:

A. Makes the most logical since to me.

the answer has to be A. morale

Discus four
importance of applications software​

Answers

Answer:

1.Application software help the end users perform single or multiple tasks.

2.All the useful work are done by application software.

3.It is a word processing software.

4.It control and manage the operations of the computer.

Explanation:

It can be used for general purpose as well as specific function.

How easy do you think it is to change an area’s climate? Explain your reasoning in at least 3 sentences.

Answers

Answer:

I don't think it is easy to change an area's climate because it requires large-scale interventions that can take a long time to implement. Additionally, the climate is influenced by many factors, including the Earth's orbit, ocean currents, and the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Finally, the climate is a complex system and it is difficult to predict how changes to one part of the system will affect the rest of it.

Explanation:

The prominent examples of marine ecosystems include the
a
Deep ocean
b Intertidal zone
c Photic zone of the ocean
d All of the above
Ck12

Answers

Answer:

I think the awnser is D. Hope it helps

A student pours a spoonful of dirt into a cup of water. The water and dirt are stirred together. The water turns a light brown color. Some dark pieces float to the top of the cup and another dark layer forms on the bottom of the cup. Which statement BEST describes the contents of the cup?

Answers

The statements described the contents of the cup is that it is a mixture.

What is the cup?

Let us notice that the question that we have here is incomplete but to the best of my ability I would try to explain the concept that is involved here. We know that a mixture would imply any combination of the substances that are not chemically combined together.

We can see that both the water and the dirt are independent substances. They do not mix up at all when we put the dirt in the water. They would continue to be separate from each other although they have been mixed together.

Hence, we can see that putting the dirt and the water in the same place would only lead to the production of a mixture of substances as we have described in the answer stated here.

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Which statement describes an environmental consequence of sustainable land use?

Building a park instead of more housing may be unpopular with residents.

When common lands are protected, land degradation slowly disappears.

Residents praise community leaders for preserving land for a new park.

If common land use is restricted, it can slow down the economy.

Answers

The statement that describes an environmental consequence of sustainable land use is that If common land use is restricted, it can slow down the economy. That is option D.

What is sustainable land use?

Sustainable land use ensures the fair and balanced distribution of land, water, biodiversity and other environmental resources among the various competing demands to meet current and future human needs.

Therefore, although the practice of sustainable land use is important, it can slow down the economy of the country as there would be decrease in competition in land space used for agricultural production.

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HELP QUICK PLEASE

Select the hotspot that shows metaphase.

Answers

Top right one, metaphase is where the chromosomes are lined up in the middle (metaphase=middle)

How have crops and livestock been
improved over the years?
A. They have naturally evolved.
B. Organisms are bred with other organisms possessing
desired traits.
C. Organisms have not really changed much in the last 300
years.

Answers

B


you’re very very welcome
B if I’m not right sorry!!!!

6. Understanding of the cell has changed over
time. Which explains why this has occurred?

A New scientific discoveries lead to new theories.

B Theories are redesigned every ten years as a necessity.

C The constantly evolving universe requires new theories to describe it.

D Larger number of scientists have opinions that must be incorporated.

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Cell theory was first formulated by Schwann and Schleiden, but because of new and advanced technology some statements were replaced and some are added.

Help!!!! I need help please!!
Thanks to anyone who answers <3

**20 points**

Answers

The answer is the third option

it Is C They Have Many similar steps

Which change would cause an increase in the size of a population?

Answers

Answer:It would be a migration  

Explanation:

The answer is migration. It is described as the movement of people from place to place and permanently at the new location.

Similarly, migration will be seen growing old in prosperous areas and boom it in bad ones. Most nations and areas experiencing populace lower accomplish that specifically because of natural change (the distinction among births and deaths), at the same time as areas which advantage populace accomplish that specifically because of extra-migration.

What are the effects of migration in the area?

 Migration has an effect on the populace of the 2 unique areas. It will increase the populace of the place (new place), in which human beings migrate on the lookout for process possibilities, and reduce the populace of the region in which human beings migrate from. The charge of populace boom is the charge of herbal boom blended with the results of migration. Thus the excessive charge of the herbal boom may be offset via way of means of a massive out-migration, and a low charge of the herbal boom may be countered via way of means of an excessive stage of in-migration.

Hence clear that migration change would cause an increase in the size of a population.

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Based on the word parts of PRImary, SECONDary, TERTIary, and QUATERnary consumer, what label would you provide for the alligator? Explain.

3. If the amount of energy from the sun in the food chain from #1 equals 2500 units, calculate the energy available at each level of the energy pyramid for the producer and each of the consumers that follow. Use the energy pyramid on the front page to guide you

Answers

2. Alligators would be considered as a Quaternary consumer as they are in the top of the food chain, meaning that nothing else could prey upon them.

3. There are 5 factors in the Energy Pyramid: Producer, Primary Consumer, Secondary Consumer, Primary Consumer, Tertiary Consumer and Quaternary consumer. As producers are the first and main factors that receive energy from the sun, they would receive 100% of energy. This energy is decreased by 10% as it is consumed by more and more consumers. Therefore: Producer would receive 2500 units of energy, Primary Consumer would receive 250, Secondary Consumer would receive 250, Primary Consumer would receive 225, Tertiary Consumer would receive 202.5 and Quaternary consumer would receive 182.25 of energy.

You can refer to this video for further explanation: https://youtu.be/CReZd9OHEfs

Based on the word parts, the label for an alligator would be "tertiary consumer," and at the tertiary consumer level (alligator), there would be approximately 2.5 units of energy available from the original 2500 units of energy from the sun.

What is an energy pyramid?

The energy pyramid represents the flow of energy in an ecosystem from the sun to the different levels of consumers. At the base of the pyramid are producers, such as plants, that use the energy from the sun to produce food through photosynthesis. The next level consists of primary consumers, such as herbivores, that eat the producers. The next level consists of secondary consumers, such as carnivores that eat the primary consumers, and so on. Each level of the pyramid represents a different trophic level in the food chain, and the energy available at each level decreases as we move up the pyramid. Here , Producer level: 2500 units, so Primary consumer level: 10% of 2500 units = 250 units Secondary consumer level: 10% of 250 units = 25 units; and tertiary consumer level (alligator): 10% of 25 units = 2.5 units.

Hence, based on the word parts, the label for an alligator would be "tertiary consumer," and at the tertiary consumer level (alligator), there would be approximately 2.5 units of energy available from the original 2500 units of energy from the sun.

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Match the type of tectonic plate boundary to the geological feature or effect it is commonly associated with them.

Answers

Although it is an underground formation, It is the longest mountain range in the world = Oceanic-oceanic divergence.

he Himalayas lie between the Indo-Gangetic Plain of northern India and the Tibetan Plateau = Continental- continetal convergence.

he Himalayas lie between the Indo-Gangetic Plain of northern India and the Tibetan Plateau = Continental- continetal convergence.

What is continental?

Continental creates ground-breaking products and services for the connected, sustainable movement of people and their goods. The technology business, which was established in 1871, provides safe, effective, intelligent, and reasonably priced solutions for machines, traffic, and transportation. Any of the numerous large landmasses is a continent. Rather than using any strict criteria, continents are typically identified by convention.

Because of this, there are typically seven or as few as four geographical regions considered to be continents. Continental creates ground-breaking products and services for the connected, sustainable movement of people and their goods. (usually with the first letter capitalized) of or pertaining to the European continent, to Europeans, or to European practices and values.

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