what are the two quantities in this module for which we will develop unit factors to do dimensional analysis with chemical substances?

Answer:

D is the answer i think

When we add water to a glass of pure fruit the volume of the solution increases while the solute remains constant so the molarity of the juice decreases.

Molarity is defined as the amount of solute (in moles)in per litre of solution.

It is also known as molar concentration of a solution , It is expressed in mol/l .

When water is added the volume of the solution is increasing for fixed moles of juices therefore ,

The molarity of the juice will decrease and option d is correct.

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The complete question is as follows: How many moles of a gas at 100 c does it take to fill a 1.00 l flask to a pressure of 152kPa

Answer: There are 0.0489 moles of a gas at [tex]100^{o}C[/tex] is required to fill a 1.00 l flask to a pressure of 152kPa.

Explanation:

Given: Volume = 1.00 L,    

Pressure = 152 kPa (1 kPa = 1000 Pa) = 152000 Pa

Convert Pa into atm as follows.

[tex]1 Pa = 9.86 \times 10^{-6} atm\\152000 Pa = 152000 \times \frac{9.86 \times 10^{-6}atm}{1 Pa}\\= 1.5 atm[/tex]

Temperature = [tex]100^{o}C = (100 + 273) K = 373 K[/tex]

Using the ideal gas formula as follows.

PV = nRT

where,

P = pressure

V = volume

n = no. of moles

R = gas constant = 0.0821 L atm/mol K

T = temperature

Substitute the values into above formula as follows.

[tex]PV = nRT\\1.5 atm \times 1.0 L = n \times 0.0821 L atm/mol K \times 373 K\\n = \frac{1.5 atm \times 1.0 L}{0.0821 L atm/mol K \times 373 K}\\n = 0.0489 mol[/tex]

Thus, we can conclude that there are 0.0489 moles of a gas at [tex]100^{o}C[/tex] is required to fill a 1.00 l flask to a pressure of 152kPa.

According to  the concept of molar mass and stoichiometry, the  mass of copper(II) sulfate  that would remain after removing all the water from 55 g of CuSO₄ · 5 H₂O is 35.18 g.

Molar mass of a compound or a molecule is defined as the mass of the elements which are present in it.The molar mass is considered to be a bulk quantity not a molecular quantity. It is often an average of the of the masses at many instances.

Molar masses of an element are given as relative atomic masses while that of compounds is the sum of relative atomic masses which are present in the compound.

In copper(II) sulfate , 249.68 g of copper (II) sulfate has 90 g water, thus 55 g of copper (II) sulfate will have 55×90/249.68=19.82 g water, so mass of copper sulfate= 55-19.82=35.18 g copper(II) sulfate.

Thus,35.18 g copper(II) sulfate would remain after removing all the water from 55 g of CuSO₄ · 5 H₂O.

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Complete question:

A spirit burner used 1.00 g methanol to raise the temperature of 100.0 g water in a metal can from 28.00C to 58.0C. Calculate the heat of combustion of methanol in kJ/mol.

Answer:

the heat of combustion of the methanol is 402.31 kJ/mol

Explanation:

Given;

mass of water, [tex]m_w[/tex] = 100 g

initial temperature of water, t₁ = 28 ⁰C

final temperature of water, t₂ = 58 ⁰C

specific heat capacity of water = 4.184 J/g⁰C

reacting mass of the methanol, m = 1.00 g

molecular mass of methanol = 32.04 g/mol

number of moles = 1 / 32.04

                             = 0.0312 mol

Apply the principle of conservation of energy;

[tex]n\Delta H_{methanol} = Q_{water}\\\\n\Delta H_{methanol} = mc\Delta t\\\\n\Delta H_{methanol} = 100 \times 4.184\times (58-28)\\\\n\Delta H_{methanol} = 12,552 \ J\\\\n\Delta H_{methanol} = 12.552 \ kJ\\\\\Delta H_{methanol} = \frac{12.552}{n} \\\\H_{methanol} = \frac{12.552 \ kJ}{0.0312 \ mol} \\\\\Delta H_{methanol} = 402.31 \ kJ/mol[/tex]

Therefore, the heat of combustion of the methanol is 402.31 kJ/mol

Answer:

D.) 1.71 M NaCl

Explanation:

Molarity equation: M= n/v

n= moles of solute

v=liters of solution

NaCl= 58.443 g/mol

30g NaCl / 58.443g/mol = 0.5133(this is n)

0.5133 mols/0.300 L=1.71115674 M

Yes, magnesium is a metallic element and is a member of the alkaline earth metals group.

What is  Magnesium?

Magnesium is a chemical element with the symbol Mg and atomic number 12. It is a silvery-white, highly reactive metal that is essential for many biological processes. Magnesium is the eighth most abundant element in the Earth's crust and the fourth most abundant element in the human body.

It is an important component of many enzymes, proteins, and other molecules. Magnesium is found naturally in many foods, including green vegetables, nuts, and grains. Magnesium plays a role in maintaining normal muscle and nerve function, keeping a healthy immune system, regulating blood sugar levels, and helping to form strong bones.

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The World Skin Cancer Map shows that Australia has much higher skin cancer rates than Brazil. In Australia, an estimated 5.4 out of 100 people will develop melanoma in their lifetime, compared to 0.4 out of 100 in Brazil.

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that affects the skin cells. It is caused by over-exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun and sun beds. It is the most common type of cancer in the United States, and can affect anyone, regardless of age, gender, or skin color. It is very important to protect your skin from the sun by using sunscreen.

Australia also has higher rates of non-melanoma skin cancer, with estimated rates of 24.3 out of 100 people in Australia, compared to 5.3 out of 100 people in Brazil.

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Answer:

C. Theories have been confirmed through tests; hypotheses haven't.

Hope this helps!!

Aspartic acid and phenylalanine are the two amino acids that make up aspartame, along with methanol. When the body processes this third key ingredient, formaldehyde and formic acid are produced.

Materials, Raw Two amino acids, phenylalanine and aspartic acid, as well as methanol, make up aspartame. L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester is its formal chemical name. Proteins are made up of amino acids, which are frequently referred to as the building blocks of proteins. Aspartame has the chemical formula C14H18N2O5. In foods and beverages, aspartame, a synthetic, non-saccharide sweetener that is 200 times sweeter than sucrose, is frequently used as a sugar substitute. The commercial names for it are NutraSweet, Equal, and Canderel.

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The proper IUPAC name for the compound is (2R,3S)-2,3-difluorohexane.

It is determined by following the IUPAC nomenclature rules for organic compounds. The key points for this are:

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Answer:

To find molarity we must convert grams KCl to moles KCl and mL solution to L: ... EXAMPLE: What mass of potassium chloride would be needed to prepare 250.0 mL of a 0.500 ... EXAMPLE: Silver nitrate solution is added to 25.00 mL of a 0.500 M potassium chloride ... g) 0.655 g of sodium carbonate in 100.0 mL of solution.

Explanation:

According to the stoichiometry of the given chemical equation 102.03 g of Al₂O₃ is formed from 54 g of aluminium.

It is the determination of proportions of elements or compounds in a chemical reaction. The related relations are based on law of conservation of mass and law of combining weights and volumes.

Stoichiometry is used in quantitative analysis for measuring concentrations of substances present in the sample. As per stoichiometry of the given chemical equation, 107.92 g aluminium gives 203.92 g Al₂O₃, thus 54 g aluminium will give 54×203.92/107.92=102.03 g.

Thus,  102.03 g of Al₂O₃ is formed from 54 g of aluminium.

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Answer:

The empirical formula of ribose (a sugar) is CH2O. In a separate experiment, using a mass spectrometer, the molar mass of ribose was determined to be 150 g/mol.Explanation:

Answer:

The empirical formula of ribose (a sugar) is CH2O. In a separate experiment, using a mass spectrometer, the molar mass of ribose was determined to be 150 g/mol.

Explanation:

Here, naphthalene is being burned in a water-filled bomb calorimeter.

What is Combustion?

Combustion is a chemical reaction between a fuel and an oxidizer in which heat, light, and other products of combustion are released. The most common type of combustion is the burning of hydrocarbon fuels, such as natural gas or gasoline, to produce carbon dioxide and water vapor as the main products.

Heat of combustion = [mass of water x specific heat capacity x (final temperature - initial temperature)] / (mass of naphthalene)

Heat of combustion = (650 g x 4.185 J/g∙°C x 6.4°C) / (0.5 g)

Heat of combustion = 16,914 J/g

Heat of combustion = 16,914 J/g x (1 mol/128 g)

Heat of combustion = 131.5 kJ/mol

Hence, the heat of combustion is 131.5 kJ/mol.

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With 3.11 grams of sodium chloride we should start to make an aqueous solution of 50. 0 gm.

When water is used as a solvent then the solution is called the aqueous solution. Water is a good solvent which is naturally abundant and in chemistry, the word "solution" refers to the aqueous solution unless the solvent is specified. It is denoted by "aq".

Mass of aqueous solution = 50 gm

Mass percentage of sodium chloride = 6.213%

Let the mass of sodium chloride is N grams, then,

N = (50/100) × 6.213 gm

N = 0.5 × 6.213

N = 3.11 grams

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Thermal energy flow between a hot or cold pack and the atmosphere by the D. Hot packs absorb energy from the atmosphere and cold packs release energy into the atmosphere.

When a hot pack is applied to the skin, the heat energy stored inside the pack is transferred to the skin, by conduction, and the heat energy is absorbed by the skin. Cold packs work in the opposite way, the cold energy stored inside the pack is transferred to the skin and released into the atmosphere.

The heat energy is conducted out of the pack and then radiated out into the atmosphere in the case of a cold pack, and The heat energy is conducted into the pack and then radiated out into the atmosphere in the case of a hot pack.

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Answer:

The heat at constant pressure is -3,275.7413 kJ

Explanation:

The combustion equation is 2C₆H₆ (l) + 15O₂ (g)  → 12CO₂ (g) + 6H₂O (l)

[tex]\Delta n_g[/tex] = (12 - 15)/2 = -3/2

We have;

[tex]\Delta H = \Delta U + \Delta n_g\cdot R\cdot T[/tex]

Where R and T are constant, and ΔU is given we can write the relationship as follows;

[tex]H = U + \Delta n_g\cdot R\cdot T[/tex]

Where;

H = The heat at constant pressure

U = The heat at constant volume = -3,272 kJ

[tex]\Delta n_g[/tex] = The change in the number of gas molecules per mole

R = The universal gas constant = 8.314 J/(mol·K)

T = The temperature = 300 K

Therefore, we get;

H = -3,272 kJ + (-3/2) mol ×8.314 J/(mol·K) ×300 K) × 1 kJ/(1000 J) = -3,275.7413 kJ

The heat at constant pressure, H = -3,275.7413 kJ.

Answer:

3.01×10²⁴ atoms

Explanation:

Our compound is the Na₃PO₄

Sodium phosphate.

We assume, we have 5 moles of the mentioned salt.

1 mol of anything contains 6.02×10²³ atoms.

That's the Avogadro's number. The conversion is:

5 mol . 6.02×10²³ atoms /1mol = 3.01×10²⁴ atoms

In the chemical equation,Cl₂ (g) + K+ Br− → K+ Cl− + Br₂ (g) bromine looses an electron in the reaction.

Chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction which is written in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactants are present on the left hand side while the products are present on the right hand side.

The first chemical equation was put forth by Jean Beguin in 1615.By making use of chemical equations the direction of reaction ,state of reactants and products can be stated. In the chemical equations even the temperature to be maintained and catalyst can be mentioned.

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Thermal energy increases before the water begins to boil.

Thermal energy is produced when the atoms and molecules in matter vibrate faster due to an increase in temperature. As the average kinetic energy of its particles increases, the thermal energy of the object increases.

After reaching water at its boiling point thermal energy remain same because temperature remain constant after reaching once at boiling point. Thermal energy is directly proportional to temperature. Hence, chef will notice two phenomena during water begins to boil.

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Answer:

the higher the kinetic energy

Explanation:

because their will be easy movement of particles.

A bleaching solution requires 6. 55 g of sodium hypochlorite. 30.47 grams of a 21. 5% by mass solution of sodium hypochlorite should be used

Mass of sodium hypochlorite = 6.55 g

percent composition = 21. 5%

This indicates that there are 21.5 grams of sodium hypochlorite present in every one hundred grams of solution.

Now calculate the number of grams of solution for 6.55 g of solution.

(6.55 g x 100) / 21.5 g = 30.47 g

Therefore, you will need 30.47 grams of a sodium hypochlorite solution that has a mass concentration of 21.5% in order to obtain 6.55 grams of sodium hypochlorite.

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Chemical: Wear the proper personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, and an apron or lab coat.

Chemistry is the scientific study of the composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter, especially at the atomic and molecular levels.

Use the chemical in a well-ventilated area.

Follow safety instructions and product labeling instructions precisely.
Avoid breathing vapors or mists of the chemical.
Immediately wash hands and exposed skin thoroughly with soap and water after contact with the chemical.
Store the chemical in a secure location away from food, drink, and other materials.
Dispose of the chemical properly.

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The ocean current is caused by differences in water density. The difference in the density of water is mainly caused by the temperature and salinity of water.

Density of a substance is the measure of its mass per unit volume. It describes how closely its particles are packed within a given volume. Density of a substance is dependent on the temperature and pressure also.

The density of water is affected by the temperature and salinity. Water has its maximum density at 4 ° C. The more saline is water, more will be the density. Because, more ions or salts makes water denser.

The density vary with variations in temperature and salinity. This variation causes water currents from the denser areas to the less dense areas. Ocean currents are also affected by the gravity.

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Answer:

The reaction is favorable at all temperatures

Explanation:

Since G = H - TS, -H and +S would result in G = -H -TS, which will always be negative.

The rate constant at 65 C is k65= 4.8 x 10^-5 s^-1 .Below is the explanation for the answer

To find the rate constant at a different temperature, you can use the Arrhenius equation, which relates the rate constant to the activation energy and the temperature. The equation is:

k = A * e^(-Ea/RT)

where
k is the rate constant,
A is the pre-exponential factor (also known as the frequency factor),
Ea is the activation energy,
R is the universal gas constant,
T is the absolute temperature.

We are given that the activation energy is 83.5 kJ/mol and the rate constant at 45 C is 3.54 x 10^-5 s^-1. To find the rate constant at 65 C, we can substitute these values into the equation and solve for k.

k = A * e^(-Ea/RT)
k = 3.54 x 10^-5 s^-1 * e^(-(83.5 kJ/mol) / (8.314 J/mol*K * (45 + 273.15 K))

However, A is a constant that we don't know. To find the rate constant at 65 C, we can use the fact that the rate constant is proportional to the temperature. Therefore, we can find the ratio of the rate constants at 65 C and 45 C, then multiply it by the rate constant at 45 C to find the rate constant at 65 C.

k65/k45 = (T2/T1)^n
where
k65 is the rate constant at 65 C
k45 is the rate constant at 45 C
T2 is the temperature in Kelvin (65 + 273.15)
T1 is the temperature in Kelvin (45 + 273.15)
n is the order of the reaction, which is 1 in this case

we can find the rate constant at 65 C is:
k65 = k45 (T2/T1)^n
k65 = 3.54 x 10^-5 s^-1 * ( (65 + 273.15) / (45 + 273.15) )^1

k65= 4.8 x 10^-5 s^-1

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Direct evidence for the interior of the Earth comes from measurements and samples that are taken directly from the Earth's interior. This can include things like rock samples from deep mines, or measurements of seismic waves that have traveled through the Earth.

One example of direct evidence is rock samples that have been brought to the surface by volcanic eruptions or other means. These samples can provide geologists with information about the composition and structure of the Earth's interior. For example, by studying the minerals in a rock sample, geologists can infer the temperatures and pressures that existed in the Earth's interior when the rock was formed.

Indirect evidence, on the other hand, is information that has been inferred from measurements or observations that are not taken directly from the Earth's interior. One example of indirect evidence is the study of seismic waves, which are waves of energy that travel through the Earth's interior in response to earthquakes or other disturbances. By measuring the speed at which these seismic waves travel through the Earth, geologists can infer the density and composition of the materials that make up the Earth's interior.

Answer:

Explanation:‎

Answer:

las plantas

Explanation:

Las plantas son los seres vivos capaces de transformar energía luminosa utilizando agua y dióxido de carbono (CO₂) en energía química en forma de moléculas llamadas carbohidratos. El proceso a través del cual realizan esto se denomina fotosíntesis, y para ello requieren un pigmento de color verde denominado clorofila, el cual es necesario para captar la energía luminosa proveniente del Sol.