Answer:
The NCF and PAG are brainstem nuclei involved in a network mediating anti- and pro-nociception, as largely shown from animal data (Fields and Basbaum, 1999 for a review, [Porreca et al., 2002] and [Gebhart, 2004]). Human imaging studies have shown that the PAG and NCF are activated during visceral and somatic pain (Dunckley et al., 2005) and that the NCF plays a key role in the development of experimental secondary hyperalgesia via possible facilitatory pro-nociceptive mechanisms (Zambreanu et al., 2005). The NCF and PAG have been shown to be important in brainstem modulation of pain in humans (Zambreanu et al., 2005), and connections to these nuclei provide an anatomical basis for results of recent studies involving pain control and perception ( [Lorenz et al., 2003], [Valet et al., 2004] and [Wager et al., 2004]). The NCF has recently been shown to be critical for the generation of secondary hyperalgesia in humans
Explanation:
The NCF and PAG are brainstem nuclei involved in a network mediating anti- and pro-nociception, as largely shown from animal data (Fields and Basbaum, 1999 for a review, [Porreca et al., 2002] and [Gebhart, 2004]). Human imaging studies have shown that the PAG and NCF are activated during visceral and somatic pain (Dunckley et al., 2005) and that the NCF plays a key role in the development of experimental secondary hyperalgesia via possible facilitatory pro-nociceptive mechanisms (Zambreanu et al., 2005). The NCF and PAG have been shown to be important in brainstem modulation of pain in humans (Zambreanu et al., 2005), and connections to these nuclei provide an anatomical basis for results of recent studies involving pain control and perception ( [Lorenz et al., 2003], [Valet et al., 2004] and [Wager et al., 2004]). The NCF has recently been shown to be critical for the generation of secondary hyperalgesia in humans
One field of biology in particular has sparked
ethical concerns over whether or not we should
be editing the genes of organisms.
Which field of biology sparked these concerns?
A. biotechnology
B. ecology
C. taxonomy
Ethical concerns over whether or not we should be editing the genes of organisms is the field of biotechnology. Thus option A is correct.
What is Biotechnology ?
The branch of science that deals with application of technology to the biological organisms for the sustainable development, it has a broad range of applications from medical to agricultural sectors
It provide nutrient supplements like Golden rice which is most accepted supplement food prepared by the addition of beta-carotene into the rice.
It help the crops to handle abiotic stress like cold, drought, salinity, harsh climatic conditions etc.
In industry it has huge amount of application like production of alcohol, cosmetic products, even biological element production and cellular structures.
It has been widely used in the field of energy production such as Biofuels which is alternative source of natural resource, it is also eco friendly and not release green house gases.
It is applied in pharmaceutical industries. Thus option A is correct.
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Will mark brainliest if correct NO LINKS PLEASE!!
Answer:
1. fossil fuel
2.natural gas
Mira analyzed oxygen and carbon dioxide in inhaled and exhaled air. she found that the percentages of both gases were different in each. what other gas would most likely also have different amounts in inhaled and exhaled air? ozone (o3) hydrogen (h2) water vapor (h2o) sulfur dioxide (so2)
Breathing is the process of inhaling oxygen and removing carbon dioxide. Just like oxygen and carbon dioxide, Water vapor also have different amounts in inhaled and exhaled air.
What is respiration?The process of inhaling oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide and releasing energy is called respiration.
The first step towards respiration is breathing, which is done by inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide through nostrils.
The amount of different gases varies in environment.
During breathing amount of inhaled air contains different percentage of oxygen and carbon dioxide as compared to exhalation.
The reason for such variation includes the use oxygen from the inhaled air to release energy and give out carbon dioxide as a byproduct by the cell.
Water vapor is also inhaled and exhaled in different amounts just like oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Thus, the correct option is C.
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Answer:
C ) water vapor (H2O)
Explanation:
In a river ecosystem, dissolved oxygen concentrations drop quickly downstream from a point-source input of organic matter into the river. This effect is due to
Answer:
increasing bacterial activity as organic matter decays
Explanation:
that would be your answer
Dissolved oxygen concentrations drop quickly downstream from a point-source input of organic matter into the river due to the breakdown of organic compounds by bacteria.
What is dissolved oxygen?The amount of oxygen dissolved in water is known as dissolved oxygen (DO). The atmosphere and aquatic vegetation provide oxygen to water bodies. Running water, such as a fast-moving stream, dissolves more oxygen than still water, such as that found in a pond or lake.Why does DO concentrations drop quickly downstream?The river's upstream environment is often cold and harsh, preventing organic life from flourishing. However, as you proceed downstream, the riverine environment normally becomes a little calmer, allowing for more oxygen-consuming river life like bacteria, which degrade and absorb oxygen as they are swept downstream producing organic products.A high organic content in water decreases the amount of dissolved oxygen in water.
hence the DO is reduced in downstream due to breaking down of bacterial products.
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1: Energy is conserved in ecosystems. true/false
2:Matter is conserved in ecosystems true/false
3:Large carbon compounds can be formed from small carbon compounds true/false
4:Cellular respiration happens in the chloroplasts.true/false
Answer:
what happens inside a nucleus in interphase
Answer:
1.true
2.true
3.false
4.true
Explanation:
hope this help
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What does a blade of grass look like under a microscope?.
1. You and your family are going to the beach because it is summer. However, minutes after swimming, your skin darkens
Why do conservation efforts focus on biodiversity hotspots?.
Answer:
hi
Explanation:
By focusing efforts on the total number of species, they allow conservationists to avoid the hard science required to decide which species matter most to ecosystems and the hard choices required to decide which species matter most to us.
Over time, the hull of a sunken ship may become colonized by a wide range of marine organisms. What term is used to describe all of the organisms living in and on a sunken ship
Communities that are formed in the marine ecosystem on foreign bodies are called biofouling community.
What is a biofouling community?It is common that sometimes, strange bodies are introduced into the marine ecosystem and this may lead to the budding new communities.
When a foreign body such as in this case, the sunken ship begins to host a new community of organisms, the new community is called a biofouling community.
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When a person becomes infected with the influenza virus, cell-mediated immunity is activated. Why would the influenza virus initiate cell-mediated immunity? Describe the process of cell-mediated immunity as it would attack the influenza virus.
Cell-mediated immune reaction involve the destruction of infected cells by cytotoxic T cells, or the ruin of intracellular pathogens by macrophages The activation of naive T cells in reaction to antigen, and their subsequent expansions and differentiation, constitutes a primary immune response.
How does the influenza virus attack the cells?The viruses connect to cells within the nasal routes and throat. The influenza virus's hemagglutinin (HA) surface proteins then lash to the sialic acid receptors on the surface of a human respiratory tract cell.
Thus, Cell-mediated immune reaction involve the destruction of infected cells by cytotoxic T cells, or the ruin of intracellular pathogens by macrophages.
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The cerebral cortex is a region of the brain containing ____________ matter.
Answer: gray matter
Explanation: The cerebral cortex is made up of gray matter (comprises cell bodies and dendrites) that covers the internal white matter. Cerebrum is made up of both gray and white matter and comprises both cell bodies and nerve fibers. The cerebrum is composed of two hemispheres.
During anaphase, part of the _____________ can be seen attached to the centromere of each sister chromatid as they separate.
mitotic spindle is the answer
During anaphase mitotic spindle is attached at the centromere of each sister chromatid because it attaches the chromosome to the opposite spindle pole.
What is the mitotic spindle?Protein complexes connect microtubules to the chromosomal midpoint (the centromere) (kinetochores). The connected microtubules depolymerize and shorten, causing movement that pushes chromosomes toward centrosomes situated at either pole of the cell.
The mitotic spindle is a structure that separates the chromosomes. The mitotic spindle is composed of multiple long proteins known as microtubules that are connected to a chromosome at one end and to the cell pole at the other.
The anaphase stage in the cell cycle prepares to spare sister chromatids reday for moves it toward the opposite spindle pole.
Therefore mitotic spindle is seen centromere of each sister chromatid as they separate and move toward the spindle pole.
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What is the most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain?.
Answer:
GABA or gamma-aminobutyric acid is the most important of the inhibitory neurotransmitters in the nervous system. It is the most abundant of them, and it is distributed throughout the brain and spinal cord.
Explanation:
A thin tube that connects the middle ear with the pharynx and serves to equalize air pressure on either side of the eardrum is known as the ______.
Answer:
The eustachian tube, or auditory tube
Explanation:
not easily broken down in the environment
Answer:
Something not easily broken down in biology is referring to a persistent pesticide.
Which phase of the cell cycle takes the most amount of time?.
Answer:
Interphase
Explanation:
how does the use of fossil fuels affect the cyrosphere
Answer:
It has absorbed about 25% of the carbon dioxide generated by fossil fuel burning and other human activity and has slowed warming by also absorbing heat. Global warming causes melting of ice on land such as glaciers, and ice sheets in Antarctica and Greenland, adding water to the ocean, and thus raising sea level.
Explanation:
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How much of a 500g sample of potassium-42 is left after
37.2 hours if the half-life of potassium-42 is 12.4 hours.
Please solve its due tomorrow there’s also more-
Answer:
15.625 g of a 500 gram sample of potassium-42 with 12.4 hours of Half -life is left after 62 hours.
The half-life is the time after which half of the initial quantity of a radioactive substance is left .
Given here,
The half-life of K-42 = 12.4 hours
The initial quantity of K-42 = 500 gm
The final quantity after 62 hours = ?
The number of half cycle
\bold { = 62\times \dfrac 1{12.4} = 5,}=62×
12.4
1
=5,
Thus the number of half life cycles in 62 hours is 5,
After 1 half life \bold {= \dfrac {500}{2} = 250}=
2
500
=250
After 2 half lives \bold {= \dfrac {250}{2} = 125}=
2
250
=125
After 3 half lives \bold {= \dfrac {125}{2} = 62.5}=
2
125
=62.5
After 4 half lives \begin{gathered}\bold {= \dfrac {62.5}{2} = 31.25}\\\end{gathered}
=
2
62.5
=31.25
After 5 half lives \begin{gathered}\bold {= \dfrac {31.25}{2} = 12.625}\\\end{gathered}
=
2
31.25
=12.625
15.625 g of a 500 gram sample of potassium-42 with 12.4 hours of Half -life is left after 62 hours.
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BRAIN LESS ANSWER
ANSWER IS THAT CRRECT
What is a medulla? What do forensic scientists use this for?
Answer:
the inward district of an organ or tissue, particularly when it is unmistakable from the external area or cortex (as in a kidney, an adrenal organ, or hair).
"the adrenal medulla produces adrenaline"
What do legal researchers involve this for? Scientific researchers might search for the presence or nonappearance of a medulla, which is a bunch of cells that goes through a hair. The medulla is ordinarily unique relying upon the species that the hair came from, which makes it one method for recognizing creature and human hair.
Particulates that can irritate your respiratory system or lungs are one form of A. smog. B. oxygen. C. pollution. D. ozone.
What does God command Joshua to do in Joshua 1:8?
I believe God is telling Joshua to remember what he has read in the Bible and to study it day and night. Also to obey it and then he shall be wise and a successful man.
What animals live in mangrove swamps/forests. List as much as possible.
Answer:
barnacles, oysters, mussels, sponges, worms, snails, small fish, crabs, jellyfish, shrimps, frogs, many amphibians and birds
Why are plant cells and animal cells shaped differently?.
Alfred Wegener’s explanation for the shifting of the earth is called what?
Answer:
He called this movement continental drift.
Explanation:
An increase in the number of phytoplankton in an aquatic ecosystem is always beneficial. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F
Answer:
the answer is F
Explanation:
i just took the test and got it right
Answer:
False
Explanation:
trusttttt
Think of what you have learned about the cell theory and stem cell research. How did the development of the cell theory lay the foundation for the current advancements in stem cell research?
Answer:
Why is it important to learn about stem cells and stem cell research?
Researchers hope stem cell studies can help to: Increase understanding of how diseases occur. By watching stem cells mature into cells in bones, heart muscle, nerves, and other organs and tissue, researchers may better understand how diseases and conditions develop.
How does stem cell research affect society?
Research with embryonic stem cells may lead to new, more effective treatments for serious human ailments and alleviate the suffering of thousands of people. Diseases such as juvenile diabetes, Parkinson's disease, heart failure and spinal cord injuries are examples.
For all living things to survive, stem cells are essential. As a result, stem cells might be necessary for the evolution of particular traits in animals, such as regeneration, multicellularity, and coloniality.
What is Stem cell theory?According to the stem cell theory of ageing, the inability of various stem cell types to continuously supply the tissues of the an organism by functional differentiated cells capable of preserving those tissues' original function leads to the ageing process.
In the body, stem cells have the capacity to differentiate into a wide variety of cell types. They act as the body's system for repairs. Adult stem cells and embryonic stem cells are the two primary categories of stem cells.
The evolution of particular traits in organisms, such as regeneration, multicellularity, and coloniality, may thus require stem cells.
Thus, for all living things to survive, stem cells are essential. As a result, stem cells might be necessary for the evolution of particular traits in animals, such as regeneration, multicellularity, and coloniality.
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A patient has a history of poor nutrition. he has skin rashes, bleeding gums, and a cut that hasn’t healed in a long time. what vitamin deficiency most likely caused these symptoms? a. vitamin a b. vitamin b6 c. vitamin b12 d. vitamin c e. vitamin e
A lack of any one of several vitamins — B12, folate (also known as folic acid), or vitamin C — causes vitamin deficiency anemia.
So the answer is D.
The main limiting factor for the plants and animals that live in the deciduous biome is ________________. (select all that apply) question 6 options: high temperatures in summer cold temperatures in winter tornadoes poor soil for growing
The main limiting factor for the plants and animals that live , These cold winter temperatures are the main limiting factor for the plants and animals that live here.
Which of these are animal adaptations that help animals live in the deciduous forest biome?Migration and hibernation are two adaptations that many of the Deciduous Forest animals have. Animals that hibernate will eat heavily before the winter and their coats will grow quite thick to keep them warm through the winter hibernation period.
Thus, the temperature is the correct answer.
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Which of the following requires the least amount of consideration with regard
to federal actions, according to the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)?
A. Economic impacts
B. Transportation needs
C. Environmental impacts
O D. Convenience factors
Answer:
D: Convenience factors
Explanation:
Answer:
D - Convenience factors
Explanation:
I just took the test
How did the peppered moth change in response to the pollution in its environment?.
Answer:
The evolution of the peppered moth is an evolutionary instance of directional colour change in the moth population as a consequence of air pollution during the Industrial Revolution. The frequency of dark-coloured moths increased at that time, an example of industrial melanism.
Explanation:
The peppered moth's evolution is an example of how air pollution during the Industrial Revolution caused directional colour changes in the moth population.
What is evolution?The process of evolution is how organisms change over time in response to their environment.
Any net direction change or cumulative change in an organism's or population's features over many generations is considered evolution, or descent with modification.
The genesis and dissemination of alleles, variations, trait values, or character states are expressly mentioned.
The evolution of the peppered moth is an illustration of how moth population changes in directional colour were brought on by air pollution during the Industrial Revolution.
At that time, a manifestation of industrial melanism was the rise in the number of dark-colored moths.
Thus, this way, the peppered moth change in response to the pollution in its environment.
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