Which statement describes an action-reaction pair?
A. You push on the ground when you sit down, and the ground
pushes up on you.
B. You add mass to agboat
, and the boat sinks lower in the water.
C. You apply the brakes in your car, and the car slows down.
D. An astronaut is pulled in one direction by Earth and in the opposite
direction by the Moon.
SUBMIT

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

A:you push on the ground when you sit in the ground

Explanation:

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Related Questions

Onions are monocots with certain parts adapted for storage. From which of the following plant parts is the main storage structure formed?
taproot
herbaceous stem
ovary of flower
leaf sheaths

Answers

Answer: herbaceous stem

Explanation:

The herbaceous stem of onion is edible and it is adapted for storage purpose. It is also called onion bulb. It remains underground and directly obtains nutrients and water from the taproots. The leaf exhibit typical characteristics of monocot plant with parallel venation. The ovary of flower has no role in food storage in plant.

HELLPPPP!!!! 12 POINTS

Answers

Answer: Fluffing of feathers, a bird traps air to hold in body heat and keep out the effects of cold. During hot weather, the bird presses its feathers towards the body to eliminate the insulating air. It allows body heat to escape

Explanation: Homeostasis

Answer:A

Explanation:

Proteins that are going to be processed and secreted from a cell on the rough endoplasmic reticulum are produced by:

A)ribosomes.
B)cisternal spaces.
C)transport vesicles.
D)reticulum.

Answers

It is ribosome just because the other ones are not proteins their cells ribosomes are produced from the endoplasmic reticulum

1. Let's suppose that a gene affecting pigmentation is found on the X chromosome (in mammals or insects) or the Z chromosome (in birds) but not on the Y or W chromosome. It is found on an autosome in bees. This gene exists in two alleles, D (dark), which is dominant to d (light). What would be the phenotypic results of crosses between a true-breeding dark female and a true-breeding light male, and the reciprocal crosses involving a true breeding light female and a true-breeding dark male, in the following species

Answers

Note: The question is not complete. The following species are:

1. Birds

2. Drosophila

3. Bees

4. Human

Answer and Explanation:

1. BIRDS

Birds have Z-W breeding system, males being ZZ and females being ZW

Cross 1: true-breeding dark female and a true-breeding light male

Parental) ZDW   x   ZdZd

F1) 1/2 = 50% of the progeny will be dark, ZDZd (males)

    1/2 = 50% of the progeny will be light, ZdW (Females)

Cross 2: true-breeding light female and a true-breeding dark male

Parental) ZdW   x   ZDZD

F1) 100% of the progeny will be dark, ZDZd + ZDW  (both sexes)

2. DROSOPHILA

They have the X-Y system, so

Cross 1: true-breeding dark female and a true-breeding light male

Parental) XDXD   x   XdY

F1) 100% of the progeny will be dark, XDXd + XDY      

Cross 2: true-breeding light female and a true-breeding dark male

Parental) XdXd   x   XDY

F1) 50% of the progeny will be dark, XDXd (Females)

     50% of the progeny will be light, XdY (Males)

3. BEES

Haplo-diploid system

Cross 1: true-breeding dark female and a true-breeding light male

Parental) DD   x   d

F1) 100% Dark individuals

Cross 2: true-breeding light female and a true-breeding dark male

Parental) dd   x   D

F1) 50% of the progeny will be dark, Dd (females)

     50% of the progeny will be light, d (males)

4. HUMAN

X-Y System

Cross 1: true-breeding dark female and a true-breeding light male

Parental) XDXD   x  XdY

F1) 100 % of the progeny will be dark, XDXd + XDY  

Cross 2: true-breeding light female and a true-breeding dark male

Parental) XdXd  x   XDY

F1) 50% of the progeny will be dark, XDXd

     50% of the progeny will be light, XdY

   

Aristotle's ladder of nature, and the Great Chain of Being, were concepts suggesting __________.
a) life evolved on other worlds and was later transported to Earth down a celestial ladder
b) the accurate evolutionary view that all species are related, with each providing an evolutionary link (i.e. step in the ladder) to its immediate ancestor
c) the mystical teleological view that all species were created in a fixed order, from least to most perfect
d) life is a painful and purposeless experience of endless steps, but death brings release from the ladder of life

Answers

Answer:

The most correct option is C

Explanation:

Aristotle ladder of nature can be described as an idea (referred to as Scala Naturae) to organize all things (living and non-living) into a "ladder" where organism fits into a "step" on the ladder. He ranked animals higher than plants and plants higher than non-living things (like minerals). Humans were ranked first in his ladder.

The Great chain of Being is also a form of hierarchial ranking (of old christianity) starting from God to angels to humans to animals to plants and then finally to minerals.

These rankings have been suggested in the past by some "radicalists" to mean that all species were created from the simplest to the most complex and perfect which can be loosely translated to mean that all species were created in a fixed order, from least to most perfect

I have a test about metabolism can someone please explain the subject well? Like just give me a explanation of how it works, and some examples or something.

Answers

Answer:

Metabolism is the process by which your body converts what you eat and drink into energy. During this complex biochemical process, calories in food and beverages are combined with oxygen to release the energy your body needs to function.There are three basic metabolism types: ectomorph, mesomorph, and endomorph – definitely words you probably don't use in your normal, day-to-day conversations.If your metabolism is "high" (or fast), you will burn more calories at rest and during activity. A high metabolism means you'll need to take in more calories to maintain your weight. That's one reason why some people can eat more than others without gaining weight.

Metabolism is a life-sustaining group of chemical reactions in an organism's cells. The three main goals of metabolism are to convert food / fuel into energy to power cellular processes, convert food / fuel into building blocks for proteins, fats, nucleic acids, and some sugars, and remove nitrogenous metabolic waste. Metabolism is the process by which your body converts what you eat and drink into energy. During this complex biochemical process, calories in food and beverages are combined with oxygen to release the energy your body needs to function. Metabolism is the biochemical process of combining nutrients with oxygen to release the energy your our bodies need to function. Your resting metabolic rate (RMR) is the number of calories your body burns to maintain vital body functions such as heart rate, brain function and breathing. What is metabolism? Metabolism describes all the chemical processes that go on continuously inside your body to keep you alive and your organs functioning normally, such as breathing, repairing cells and digesting food. These chemical processes require energy. If your metabolism is "high" (or fast), you will burn more calories at rest and during activity. A high metabolism means you'll need to take in more calories to maintain your weight. That's one reason why some people can eat more than others without gaining weight. Protein-rich foods, such as meat, fish, eggs, dairy, legumes, nuts and seeds, could help increase your metabolism for a few hours. They do so by requiring your body to use more energy to digest them. This is known as the thermic effect of food (TEF). ... Research shows that protein-rich foods increase TEF the most. The three main purposes of metabolism are: the conversion of food to energy to run cellular processes; the conversion of food/fuel to building blocks for proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and some carbohydrates; and the elimination of metabolic wastes.

2: Deoxyribonucleic acid is described in paragraph 2. which of the following statements about DNA are true?

A: The information in DNA code is the basis of every organism’s inheritance

B: The information held within the DNA molecule is first transcribed to an RNA molecule

C: Segments of DNA, called genes, hold information required for creating the proteins that make all biological functions possible

D: All of the above

Answers

Answer:

D: All of the above. A, B, & C

Cells that have their own unique structures and functions are _____.

prokaryotes
eukaryotes
specialized cells
unicellular

Answers

Answer:

Specialized cells because they preform a specific function

Specialized cells
To perform specific functions, the cells need to have certain structures that aid the function.

Someone plz help me I have to turn it in ASAP it was due past Thur. PLZ PLZ I’ll appreciate the help PLZ!!!!!!!! I beg u!! ♥️

Answers

Answer:okay so I did it it was very fun so here are my results EXPERIMENTAL DATA  Before After 24 hours

Color of Starch solution It was a whitish color. Dark, purple, black color. inside bag!Color of Iodine solution A golden color. A transparent creme inside beaker color. Color of starch solution White White inside bag! Color of H20 in beaker Transparent

Explanation: Conclusion

The conclusion to this test is that the plastic bag is permeable to iodine. The result

of this experiment clearly answers the "Problem" as stated above. This is~ by

the fact that the starch solution (dependent variable) in the baggie turned purple,

indicating the presence of iodine (independent variable) in the mixture. The starch

solution is the dependent variable because its color is affected by the iodine

solution. M.y hypothesis was that the iodine will get into the bag of starch because

the baggie is permeable to iodine. If the iodine solution penetrates the bag, it will

turn the starch solution inside the baggie, purple. The control data chart above

shows that if the starch had not been immersed in the iodine solution, but rather a

water solution, it would have remained the same color, white. Obviously, in order

for the iodine to enter the starch solution, the baggie must be permeable to the

iodine. The baggie represents a cell membrane. This lab is meant to demonstrate

whether or not a cell membrane is permeable to substances. Cell membranes of

living organisms may be permeable to some substances, but not permeable to other

substances. In this experiment,'1..charted that the iodine solution in the beaker did

not turn purple. This means that the starch solution did not penetrate the baggie

and therefore did not mix with the iodine outside the baggie. Because of this data, it

is clear that the plastic baggie is not permeable to starch, but is permeable to iodine.

In a cell membrane, this is called selective permeability. In other words, the iodine

can go through the baggie, but the starch cannot. The purpose of this experiment is

to show that a cell membrane is a type of barrier, and is permeable to some

substances, but may not be permeable to all substances. Therefore, a cell membrane

is selectively permeable.

While visiting Wave Rock in Australia, you observe streaks of minerals present on the landform. What natural process most likely caused the streaking?

Answers

The answer is deposition

Answer:

Deposition would have most likely caused the streaking.

Explanation:

Deposition is the laying down of sediment carried by wind, water, or ice. Sediment can be transported as pebbles, sand & mud, or as salts dissolved in water. Salts may later be deposited by organic activity or by evaporation.

One example of deposition is the process by which, in sub-freezing air, water vapor changes directly to ice without first becoming a liquid. This causes the water vapor to change directly into a solid. Another example is the soot that is deposited on the walls of chimneys.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Hope this helped! If so, please consider making this brainliest! :)

What is the answer :(

Answers

i think the answer is A.

Answer:

D

Explanation:

Ghjfhjjhfdgjombcdert

please answer me im giving you 50 points !!!

Answers

Answer:

A. Their atomic numbers increase by 1 from left to right

Explanation:

If you look on the periodic table, you will notice that the atomic numbers will increase from left to right. The elements are ordered from least to greatest number of protons.

pretty sure it’s D, they have the same atomic mass or orbitals

Why would satellite imagery be more useful than a map in some instances?
A - provides landmarks, such as buildings
B - can be used when Interne is not available
C - takes more detailed images but only of very small areas
D - provides various methods of transportation to a location

Answers

Answer:

If we can give more than one answer than it is A, C, D

Explanation:

Answer:

a

Explanation:

i just took the quiz, since the other user said it is a, c, d u can only choose one answer and c and d are things u can see on a average map hence the answer is a

brainliest please!!

Discus immune response to a pathogen through the oral (oral-anus) and respiratory route

Answers

Answer:

The complete explanation of the  immune response to a pathogen through the oral (oral-anus) and respiratory route is given below in explanation part .

Explanation:

In order to provide host protection against pathogens wherever they can enter or spread, the immune system can be seen as an organ distributed throughout the body. A collection of anatomically distinct compartments can be distinguished within the immune system, each of which is specifically adapted to produce a response to pathogens present in a specific set of body tissues. The basic concepts underlying the initiation in the compartment of the peripheral lymph nodes and spleen of an adaptive immune response. This is the compartment that responds to antigens that have dispersed through the blood or penetrated the tissues. The mucosal immune system (commonly represented by the MALT) is a second compartment of the adaptive immune system of equal size to this, and situated near the surfaces where most pathogens enter. Body cavities (peritoneum and pleura) and skin are two other distinct compartments. These compartments are characterized by two main characteristics. The first is that immune responses induced within one compartment are generally restricted to that specific compartment in terms of speech. The second is that by expressing homing receptors that are bound by ligands, known as addressins, which are specifically expressed within the tissues of the compartment, lymphocytes are limited to particular compartments. The body's mucosal surfaces are particularly susceptible to infection. Because of their physiological roles in gas exchange (the lungs), food absorption (the gut), sensory roles (eyes , nose , mouth, and throat), and reproduction (uterus and vagina), they are thin and permeable barriers to the interior of the body. Obvious susceptibility to infection is provided by the need for permeability of the surface lining of these sites and it is not surprising that the vast majority of infectious agents via these routes enter the human body.

When contemplating the immunobiology of mucosal surfaces, a second essential aspect to bear in mind is that the gut serves as a conduit of entry in the form of food to a large array of foreign antigens. The immune system has developed mechanisms to prevent, on the one hand, a robust immune response to food antigens and, on the other, to detect and destroy the entry of pathogenic organisms via the gut. The majority of the gut is heavily colonized by commensal microorganisms, which live in symbiosis with their host, to further complicate matters. In certain ways, these bacteria are beneficial to their hosts. They provide protection by occupying the ecological niches for bacteria in the gut against pathogenic bacteria. By synthesizing vitamin K and some of the components of the vitamin B complex, they also serve a nutritional role in their host.

Peyer's patches of the small intestine, the appendix, and solitary lymphoid follicles of the large intestine and rectum are the other major sites inside the gut mucosal immune system for the activation of immune responses. The patches of Peyer are an extremely important location in the small intestine for the activation of immune responses and have a distinctive shape, forming domelike structures that reach into the intestinal lumen. Specialized epithelial cells reside in the overlying layer of follicle-associated epithelium of the Peyer's patches. Instead of the microvilli present on the absorptive epithelial cells of the intestine, they have microfolds on their luminal surface and are known as microfold cells or M cells. By endocytosis or phagocytosis, M cells pick up molecules and particles from the gut lumen. This material is then transported to the basal cell membrane, where it is released into the extracellular space, via the interior of the cell in vesicles. This mechanism is referred to as transcytosis. The cell membrane of M cells is extensively folded at their basal surface around underlying lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells that take up the transported material released from the M cells and process it for the presentation of antigen.

(83 points!!)

How did the discovery of chromosomes contribute to the discovery of DNA?

Answers

Answer:

His observations that chromosomes double is significant to the later-discovered theory of inheritance. ... His discoveries, known as Chargaff's Rules, proved that guanine and cytosine units, as well as adenine and thymine units, were the same in double-stranded DNA, and he also discovered that DNA varies among species

Explanation:

Discovery of chromosomes leads to significant discovery of DNA.The theory of inheritance gives the productive meaning that DNA exists and varies within the different kinds of species.

Cells use a molecule called (DNA / RNA / ATP / CMP) to store and release energy like a battery. The energy is stored in chemical bonds between (nucleotide / oxygen / phosphate / ribose) groups of the molecule, and the energy is released when the chemical bonds are broken.

Answers

Answer:

Cells use a molecule called ATP  to store and release energy like a battery. The energy is stored in chemical bonds between phosphate  groups of the molecule, and the energy is released when the chemical bonds are broken.

Explanation:

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) can be though of as a battery. It is also sometimes desribed as the energy currency of the cell. DNA and RNA are nucleic acids - the genetic information of the cell, and does not store and release energy. CMP is a nucleotide.

The energy found in ATP is found stored between phosphate groups of the molecule. When a phosphate group is released, it forms ADP (adenosine diphosphate)

Cells use a molecule called ATP to store and release energy. The energy is stored in chemical bonds between PHOSPHATE groups, and the energy is released when the chemical bonds are broken.

ATP is the energy coin of the cell whose hydrolysis is used to carry out many different metabolic functions (e.g., reproduction, differentiation, growth, etc).

ATP hydrolysis is a catabolic reaction, which provides releasable energy stored in the bonds between the second and third phosphate groups.

The molecule of ATP can transfer its energy to different molecules during many cellular processes such as, for example, DNA replication, active transport, muscle contraction, etc.

In conclusion, cells use a molecule called ATP to store and release energy. The energy is stored in chemical bonds between PHOSPHATE groups, and the energy is released when the chemical bonds are broken.

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Explain why it is important to consider the role of humans when we learn about environmental science.

Answers

Answer: When you study environmental science, you commit to learning of  accomplish important tasks for our Earth and our human population.

Explanation: Hope this helps! :)

3.____________________ helps make animal membranes more rigid.

Answers

the answer is cholesterol

Answer:

Cholesterol helps make animal membranes more rigid.

Hope it will help you

What sentence best supports the statement that hormones are involved in the regulation of homeostasis?

A.
The hormone oxytocin promotes labor contractions of the uterus during childbirth.
B.
The hormone erythropoeitin increases the production of red blood cells when oxygen levels are low.
C.
The hormone cortisol suppresses the immune system and is produced when the body is under stress.
D.
The hormone melatonin induces sleep and its production is slowed by exposure to light.

Answers

Answer:

Answer B: The hormone erythropoietin increases the production of red blood cells when oxygen levels are low best supports the statement that hormones are involved in the regulation of homeostasis.

Explanation:

Homeostasis refers to the ability of the body to maintain a constant internal environment in response to external changes. For example, maintenance of body temperature (37°C in humans), electrolyte and water balance, pH balance etc.

Answer:

BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB

Explanation:

a series of organs responsible for taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide​

Answers

Answer:

Your answer is Respiratory System

Explanation:

Hope this helps you

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Which statement best explains the relationship between producer and consumers in terms of
energy?

A. Consumer produce glucose that producer's use for energy B. Consumers convert carbon dioxide into energy
C. Consumers provide energy for producer to undergo aerobic respiration
D. Consumers convert glucose from producers into ATP

please only reply if you know the answer

Answers

Answer:

> Consumers convert glucose from producers into ATP.

Explanation:

Consumers do NOT provide oxygen or glucose for producers.

The statement, consumers convert the glucose from producers into ATP. So the correct option is D.

What are producers and consumers?

In feeding chains, organisms are categorized into trophic levels. Producers (first trophic level), consumers (second, third, and fourth trophic levels), and decomposers roughly correspond to these levels.

Autotrophs, another name for producers, grow their own food. Every food chain's first level is comprised of these. Plants or single-celled creatures represent the majority of autotrophs. The majority of autotrophs produce their "food" (a nutrient called glucose) from sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water through a process known as photosynthesis.

The most well-known form of autotroph is a plant, but there are numerous others as well. Algae are autotrophic, and their bigger forms are known as seaweed. Autotrophs include the small sea life known as phytoplankton. Autotrophic bacteria include certain varieties. For instance, microorganisms that live in volcanoes that are still active utilize sulfur compounds to make their own food. Chemosynthesis is the name of this process.

Therefore the correct option is D.

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Commonly known as fat. Forms the subcutaneous layer beneath skin????????

Answers

Blood is the answer

The movement of tectonic plates in two locations is described below:

Location A: Tectonic plates move away from each other
Location B: Tectonic plates collide and one plate moves beneath the other

Which statement is most likely correct?

Magma may rise and form volcanoes in both locations.
There is no chance of earthquakes in the two locations.
Subduction happens in Location A but not in Location B.
Seafloor spreading happens in Location B but not in Location A.

Answers

Answer: magma may rise and form in both locations

Explanation:

Answer:

For Which statement is most likely correct? is Magma may rise and form volcanoes in both locations.

I hope it helps you....

What is the mass, volume, density, and substance for Block A: What is the mass, volume, density, and substance for Block B:

Answers

Answer:here the symbol M stands for the mass of the object, and V the volume. Density has the units of mass divided by volume such as grams per centimeters cube (g/cm3) or kilograms per liter (kg/l). A block of wood has a mass of 8 g and occupies a volume of 10 cm3.

Explanation:

Double membrane layer surrounding the nucleus

Answers

Answer:

nuclear envelope

Explanation:

By definition, the nuclear envelope is a double layered membrane that surrounds the nucleus.

The amount of carbon on this Earth does not change. However, where the carbon is located does change. These locations are referred to as sources and sinks. Sources are areas that add carbon to the atmosphere and sinks are areas that remove carbon from the atmosphere. The sources and the sinks are important to the regulation of green house gasses. Carbon dioxide is one of several green house gasses that keep our planet warm. Too few greenhouse gases in the atmosphere would allow our planet to freeze, too many cause our planet to warm up too much. In the space below describe how humans are disrupting the natural cycle and contributing to the green house gasses in the atmosphere.

Answers

Answer:

In this stylized representation of the human-intensified greenhouse effect, human activities, predominantly the burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and gas), are increasing levels of carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping gases, increasing the natural greenhouse effect and thus Earth’s temperature.

Explanation:

One problem that was brought about by human action and is definitely affecting the hydrosphere globally is that of the greenhouse gases (so called because of their heat-trapping “greenhouse” properties) emitted to the atmosphere. Of the greenhouse gases released by anthropogenic activities, carbon dioxide has received much attention.

What type of bond holds amino acids together?

Answers

Answer:

peptide bonds

Explanation:

PLS HELP ASAP PLS PLS PLS: Is there a connection between the high amount of mineral mines in the western US and the high amount of mountain chains in the western US? If so, what is it?

Answers

I’m not sure but ik u can look this up on quizlet!sorry


When you stir cream into your coffee, the cream is the solute and the
coffee is the solvent. *
True
False

Answers

Answer:

True

Explanation:

The sugar you add to a cup of coffee is known as the solute. When this solute is added to the liquid, which is termed the solvent, the dissolving process begins. The sugar molecules separate and diffuse or spread evenly throughout the solvent particles, creating a homogeneous mixture called a solution.

What are the 2 body systems? (View Image)

Answers

Answer:

Immune system, and respiratory system.

Explanation:

Other Questions
Where were African slaves shipped to in the system of Triangular Trade? Canada England Europe The Thirteen Colonies help me pls1) Mrs.Galicia sells online math and reading games. His revenue for each game (in dollars) is modeled by the given equations, where x is the number of days since the games went on sale.Math Game: M(d)=x^2-9x-10Reading Game: R(d)=2x+10Solve the system algebraically. After how many days is the revenue for each game the same? Show your work and explain your answer.Graph this system to show the solutions. Label each axis appropriately2) Mrs.Galicia dropped a ball from the top of a tower. At the same time, her son, Antonio, launches a rocket from a different level of the tower.The height of the tennis ball in feet after t seconds can be represented by the quadratic function: b(t)=-t^2-2t+36.The height of Antonio's rocket after t seconds can be represented by the linear function: p(t)=-2t+20. What are the two solutions to this system? Show your work. Explain which solution is not reasonable in this situation. After how many seconds do the rocket and the ball reach the same height. what is the distance from 8 to 0? Input a number that has a 5 with 1/10 of the value of the 5 in 105,234 Can you please define these three words?1.What is dominion?_________2.What is stewardship?_____3.What is a khalifa?________ONLY ANSWER IF YOU KNOW.Unrelated answers will be reported...and deletedPLEASE HELP ASAP Can anyone help me please A bottle that contains hand sanitizer is in the shape of a pyramid with a rectangular base. The length of the base is 2 inches, andthe height of the bottle is 6 inches. Suppose the volume of the bottle is 24 in?. Calculate the width of the base of the bottle.A)1 inchB)3 inches4 inchesD)6 inches can someone help me plz Is the excerpt above primary or secondary source? Explain why. Find the value of x.(9x + 1)(11x 23) Please help it would be great What happens to carbon in plants when the plants die?(1 point)The carbon is not released; it is lost.The carbon will be released into the soil for use by the next generation.The carbon is released into the air.The carbon is released into the soil, but it is not used again. how many senators are there in canada? What is the greatest common factor of 72 and 2? How does cell volume affect nutrient exchange between the cell and its external environment? a. Cells with a large volume and small surface area are well-adapted for nutrient exchange. b. Very large cells are the best adapted for nutrient exchange. c. The ratio of cell volume to surface area determines the efficiency of nutrient exchange. d. Very small cells are the best adapted for nutrient exchange. e. Nutrient exchange is not impacted by cell volume. The median annual salary for a physician is $187,876.If the physician pays an 8% income tax, how much money in dollars and cents will the physician pay for income tax? The large rectangle below represents one whole. A large rectangle with 25 equal sections, 11 of which are shaded What percent is represented by the shaded area? Which of the following changes to Afro-Eurasian intercultural exchanges occurred in the 13th and 14th centuries as a result of Constantinoples weakening and the Mongols consolidating caravan routes?Greek city-states along the Aegean coast experienced a renaissance in art and culture.Arab cities lost their status as the purveyors of art and scholarship.European cities became centers of cultural rebirth and artistic expression.Tartar trade centers experienced a cataclysmic decline that stifled their cultural ingenuity.Refer to the two passages.Source 1"Christendom had recovered from . . . when the Tartar cataclysm had threatened to engulf it. The Tartars themselves were already becoming an object of curiosity rather than of fear. . . . The frail Latin throne in Constantinople was still standing, but tottering to its fall. The successors of the Crusaders still held the Coast of Syria. . . . The jealousies of the commercial republics of Italy were daily waxing greater. The position of Genoese trade on the coasts of the Aegean was greatly depressed . . . Venice had acquired [power there by expelling] the Greek Emperors. . . . But Genoa was biding her time for an early revenge, and year by year her naval strength and skill were increasing. Both these republics held possessions and establishments in the ports of Syria. . . . Alexandria was still largely frequented in the intervals of war as the great emporium of Indian wares, but the facilities afforded by the Mongol conquerors who now held the whole tract from the Persian Gulf to the shores of the Caspian and of the Black Sea, or nearly so, were beginning to give a great advantage to the caravan routes.Henri Cordiers annotated translation of The Travels of Marco Polo, 1920Source 2"Throughout the twelfth century there were many signs that the European intelligence was recovering courage and leisure, and preparing to take up again the intellectual enterprises of the first Greek scientific enquiries and such speculations as those of the Italian Lucretius. The causes of this revival were many and complex. The suppression of private war, the higher standards of comfort and security that followed the crusades, and the stimulation of mens minds by the experiences of these expeditions were no doubt necessary preliminary conditions. Trade was reviving; cities were recovering ease and safety; the standard of education was arising in the church and spreading among laymen. The thirteenth and fourteenth centuries were a period of growing, independent or quasi-independent cities; Venice, Florence, Genoa, Lisbon, Paris, Bruges, London, Antwerp, Hamburg, Nuremberg, Novgorod, Wisby and Bergen for example. They were all trading cities with many travellers, and where men trade and travel they talk and think. The polemics of the Popes and princes . . . were exciting men to doubt the authority of the church. . . . The Arabs [began] restoring Aristotle to Europe, and . . . [European princes like] Frederick II acted as a channel through which Arabic philosophy and science played upon the renascent European mind.H. G. Wells, A Short History of the World, 1922 if two lines lie in the same plane and are perpendicular to the same line they are perpendicular true or false? Reducing waste in a shop doesn't help eliminate safety hazards foremployees.A TrueB. False Pleasseeee help